2023 Vol. 44 Issue 3
2023 Vol. 44, No. 3 Catalogue
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2023, 44(3): 1-9.
doi: 10.12172/202207190002
Abstract:
With the development of dendrochronology in China, more and more coniferous trees, broad-leaved trees and shrubs have been applied to tree ring-climate response research, which has extended the research areas beyond the forest area. In this paper, the research on the response of tree radial growth to climate published by Chinese scholars was collected and sorted out, and the complexity of tree radial growth to climate response was discussed from different angles, and the future research on tree ring-climate response was prospected. Under the background of climate warming, the strong change of environment made the response of tree growth to climate more complicated. In order to more accurately assess the influence of external environment on the growth of trees in the future climate change scenario and continuously expand the research scope of dendrochronology in China, dendrochronology in China should continue to explore more suitable tree species, constantly improve the database of tree rings in China, and give full play to the application potential and scientific research value of dendrochronology in coping with future climate change and forest ecological protection.
With the development of dendrochronology in China, more and more coniferous trees, broad-leaved trees and shrubs have been applied to tree ring-climate response research, which has extended the research areas beyond the forest area. In this paper, the research on the response of tree radial growth to climate published by Chinese scholars was collected and sorted out, and the complexity of tree radial growth to climate response was discussed from different angles, and the future research on tree ring-climate response was prospected. Under the background of climate warming, the strong change of environment made the response of tree growth to climate more complicated. In order to more accurately assess the influence of external environment on the growth of trees in the future climate change scenario and continuously expand the research scope of dendrochronology in China, dendrochronology in China should continue to explore more suitable tree species, constantly improve the database of tree rings in China, and give full play to the application potential and scientific research value of dendrochronology in coping with future climate change and forest ecological protection.
2023, 44(3): 10-17.
doi: 10.12172/202208010001
Abstract:
By using the literature analysis software, 431 articles related to urban green space carbon sink research in CNKI database were quantitatively analyzed. The research of green space carbon sink could be divided into three research stages: the exploration stage of green space carbon sink function, the development and practice stage of green space carbon sink, and the optimization stage of green space carbon sink efficiency. The research progress at each stage was reviewed from three aspects: theoretical methods, influencing factors and benefit evaluation. Finally, three suggestions were put forward for the study of carbon sinks in urban green areas: building a systematic and comprehensive theoretical and methodological framework from a multidisciplinary perspective, clarifying the value of influencing factors with the goal of maximizing green space carbon sink benefits, and establishing a differentiated evaluation system for continuous dynamic monitoring.
By using the literature analysis software, 431 articles related to urban green space carbon sink research in CNKI database were quantitatively analyzed. The research of green space carbon sink could be divided into three research stages: the exploration stage of green space carbon sink function, the development and practice stage of green space carbon sink, and the optimization stage of green space carbon sink efficiency. The research progress at each stage was reviewed from three aspects: theoretical methods, influencing factors and benefit evaluation. Finally, three suggestions were put forward for the study of carbon sinks in urban green areas: building a systematic and comprehensive theoretical and methodological framework from a multidisciplinary perspective, clarifying the value of influencing factors with the goal of maximizing green space carbon sink benefits, and establishing a differentiated evaluation system for continuous dynamic monitoring.
2023, 44(3): 18-25.
doi: 10.12172/202211150001
Abstract:
Ecological wisdom is the wisdom of human beings, and its core is that human beings use relevant technologies to treat human beings and nature in an equal and balanced relationship. In this paper, CiteSpace software was used to compare and analyze the research hotspots, research contents and research trends in Chinese and English literature related to ecological wisdom from 2012 to 2021. The study result showed that: ① Compared with English literature, the research perspective of Chinese literature is more concentrated, and the related research on climate change and biodiversity needs to be further deepened. ② In terms of research content, Chinese literature includes ecological practices under the concept of sponge city, traditional humanistic ecological wisdom, and exploration of ecological wisdom in landscape gardening urban and rural areas. English literature mainly includes biodiversity, traditional ecological knowledge, and resistance to climate change and its impact in coastal areas of China. ③ The related research at home and abroad was still in the development stage, with domestic research hotspots concentrated before 2016 and foreign related research development until now being more balanced. The differences between Chinese and English literature studies in terms of research contents and methods were compared, and finally the future development potential of ecological wisdom-related research was summarized.
Ecological wisdom is the wisdom of human beings, and its core is that human beings use relevant technologies to treat human beings and nature in an equal and balanced relationship. In this paper, CiteSpace software was used to compare and analyze the research hotspots, research contents and research trends in Chinese and English literature related to ecological wisdom from 2012 to 2021. The study result showed that: ① Compared with English literature, the research perspective of Chinese literature is more concentrated, and the related research on climate change and biodiversity needs to be further deepened. ② In terms of research content, Chinese literature includes ecological practices under the concept of sponge city, traditional humanistic ecological wisdom, and exploration of ecological wisdom in landscape gardening urban and rural areas. English literature mainly includes biodiversity, traditional ecological knowledge, and resistance to climate change and its impact in coastal areas of China. ③ The related research at home and abroad was still in the development stage, with domestic research hotspots concentrated before 2016 and foreign related research development until now being more balanced. The differences between Chinese and English literature studies in terms of research contents and methods were compared, and finally the future development potential of ecological wisdom-related research was summarized.
2023, 44(3): 26-31.
doi: 10.12172/202207220001
Abstract:
The species of Pleioblastus were widely distributed in the southern forest region of China, which were abundant. They were natural resource-based plants, which were rich in flavonoids, polysaccharides and other functional active substances. In this paper, the extraction process of active components from Pleioblastus species were summarized in order to provide guidance and scientific basis for the further development and utilization of Pleioblastus species.
The species of Pleioblastus were widely distributed in the southern forest region of China, which were abundant. They were natural resource-based plants, which were rich in flavonoids, polysaccharides and other functional active substances. In this paper, the extraction process of active components from Pleioblastus species were summarized in order to provide guidance and scientific basis for the further development and utilization of Pleioblastus species.
2023, 44(3): 32-38.
doi: 10.12172/202209020002
Abstract:
With the acceleration of urbanization, the aggravation of population aging and the negative impact of urban environmental pollution on physical and mental health, more and more scientific evidence showed that forest health and wellness was an effective natural therapy to relieve stress, and it could also significantly improve physical and mental health. In recent years, people had psychological aspects of the impact of forests on human health. It was mainly proved through empirical research that the forest environment had a regulating effect on human blood pressure, stress, anxiety, depression, insomnia and other physiological and mental fields. In China, the research on forest mainly focused on the concept connotation of forest health and wellness, the evaluation of forest resources potential, the construction of forest health and wellness base and the development of forest health and wellness industry. Based on the brief introduction of the research progress of forest health and wellness at home and abroad, the development of forest health and wellness in China was sorted out, and the future research focus and direction were prospected.
With the acceleration of urbanization, the aggravation of population aging and the negative impact of urban environmental pollution on physical and mental health, more and more scientific evidence showed that forest health and wellness was an effective natural therapy to relieve stress, and it could also significantly improve physical and mental health. In recent years, people had psychological aspects of the impact of forests on human health. It was mainly proved through empirical research that the forest environment had a regulating effect on human blood pressure, stress, anxiety, depression, insomnia and other physiological and mental fields. In China, the research on forest mainly focused on the concept connotation of forest health and wellness, the evaluation of forest resources potential, the construction of forest health and wellness base and the development of forest health and wellness industry. Based on the brief introduction of the research progress of forest health and wellness at home and abroad, the development of forest health and wellness in China was sorted out, and the future research focus and direction were prospected.
2023, 44(3): 39-44.
doi: 10.12172/202211090002
Abstract:
By comparing the changes of genetic correlation of cone traits, seed traits and seedling traits among Chinese fir semi-sib families, as well as the degree of genetic correlation between traits, the variation of seed and seedling tratis of Chinese fir at the family level was revealed, and the possibility of early selection of seedlings through seed and seedling traits was discussed. Using the cones of five half-sib families which were from the second-generation seed orchard of Gaoxian Yuejiang state-owned forest farm as materials, the cone diameter, cone length, cone quality, 1000-seed weight, germination rate, germination potential, seedling height, and ground diameter were measured with 10 replicates for each family, the relative heritability and genetic correlation coefficient between traits were estimated. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in cone diameter, cone length and cone quality, 1000-seed weight and average germination potential among the five families. The average germination rate of the five families was about 50%, and there is no significant difference. Therefore, when sowing, there was no need to set the sowing amount by family; (2) The average seedling height of all families was more than 21 cm, and the coefficient of variation of seedling height of four families reached or approached 20%, with significant differences among families. The average diameter of seedlings of all families was more than 5 mm, and the coefficient of variation of diameter of all families was more than 18%, which indicated that it was potential to select super seedlings. (3) The heritability of cone was above 0.9, and the heritability of seedling height and ground diameter were 0.81 and 0.64 respectively. The correlation heritability between cone traits and seedling traits was less than that of seedling traits, and the genetic correlation coefficient was not significant. Therefore, it was impossible to select seedlings by cone traits,
By comparing the changes of genetic correlation of cone traits, seed traits and seedling traits among Chinese fir semi-sib families, as well as the degree of genetic correlation between traits, the variation of seed and seedling tratis of Chinese fir at the family level was revealed, and the possibility of early selection of seedlings through seed and seedling traits was discussed. Using the cones of five half-sib families which were from the second-generation seed orchard of Gaoxian Yuejiang state-owned forest farm as materials, the cone diameter, cone length, cone quality, 1000-seed weight, germination rate, germination potential, seedling height, and ground diameter were measured with 10 replicates for each family, the relative heritability and genetic correlation coefficient between traits were estimated. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in cone diameter, cone length and cone quality, 1000-seed weight and average germination potential among the five families. The average germination rate of the five families was about 50%, and there is no significant difference. Therefore, when sowing, there was no need to set the sowing amount by family; (2) The average seedling height of all families was more than 21 cm, and the coefficient of variation of seedling height of four families reached or approached 20%, with significant differences among families. The average diameter of seedlings of all families was more than 5 mm, and the coefficient of variation of diameter of all families was more than 18%, which indicated that it was potential to select super seedlings. (3) The heritability of cone was above 0.9, and the heritability of seedling height and ground diameter were 0.81 and 0.64 respectively. The correlation heritability between cone traits and seedling traits was less than that of seedling traits, and the genetic correlation coefficient was not significant. Therefore, it was impossible to select seedlings by cone traits,
2023, 44(3): 45-53.
doi: 10.12172/202302280001
Abstract:
As an important indicator organ of bamboo forest health, bamboo leaves are an important place for the survival and reproduction of microorganisms around bamboo leaves, as well as an important entrance for pathogenic microorganisms to invade, which will affect the health of wild red pandas. In order to investigate the interannual variation of bacteria communities in red pandas foraging bamboos phyllosphere, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the composition and diversity of phyllosphere bacteria of Yushania ailuropodina in Sichuan Meigu Dafengding National Nature Reserve. The results showed that OTUs was most abundant in November, and the number of OTUs decreased from September 2021 to August 2022. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Acidobacteriota were the predominant phyla in whole 12 months, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in June, July and August was higher than that in other months. But the relative abundance of Bacteroidota was lower than that of other months. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas in June, July and August was significantly higher than that in other months, but the relative abundance of Pseudomonas and 1174-901-12 in June, July and August was lower than that in other months. The Sobs and Shannon index of phyllosphere bacteria in September, October and November were higher than those in other months. PCoA analysis based on weighted/unweighted UniFrac distance showed that the bacterial community structure of phyllosphere bacteria varied from different months at OTU level. This study improved our understanding of phyllosphere bacteria in red pandas foraging bamboos, and provided a reference for the protection of bamboo resources.
As an important indicator organ of bamboo forest health, bamboo leaves are an important place for the survival and reproduction of microorganisms around bamboo leaves, as well as an important entrance for pathogenic microorganisms to invade, which will affect the health of wild red pandas. In order to investigate the interannual variation of bacteria communities in red pandas foraging bamboos phyllosphere, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the composition and diversity of phyllosphere bacteria of Yushania ailuropodina in Sichuan Meigu Dafengding National Nature Reserve. The results showed that OTUs was most abundant in November, and the number of OTUs decreased from September 2021 to August 2022. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Acidobacteriota were the predominant phyla in whole 12 months, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in June, July and August was higher than that in other months. But the relative abundance of Bacteroidota was lower than that of other months. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas in June, July and August was significantly higher than that in other months, but the relative abundance of Pseudomonas and 1174-901-12 in June, July and August was lower than that in other months. The Sobs and Shannon index of phyllosphere bacteria in September, October and November were higher than those in other months. PCoA analysis based on weighted/unweighted UniFrac distance showed that the bacterial community structure of phyllosphere bacteria varied from different months at OTU level. This study improved our understanding of phyllosphere bacteria in red pandas foraging bamboos, and provided a reference for the protection of bamboo resources.
2023, 44(3): 54-63.
doi: 10.12172/202208220002
Abstract:
Based on the field survey of flowering plants in three wetland parks in Kunming, the relationship between flowering plants and butterfly diversity in Kunming wetland park throughout the year was discussed. The results showed that the species richness and abundance of butterflies were not only affected by the seasonal changes, but also by the flower richness and color of flowering plants. In terms of time series, temperature, seasonal changes, flowering plants and plant configuration were important factors to maintain butterfly species diversity. From the perspective of the park as a whole, reasonable allocation of flowering plants and plant colors could promote the diversity of butterflies and the development of biodiversity in urban wetland parks.
Based on the field survey of flowering plants in three wetland parks in Kunming, the relationship between flowering plants and butterfly diversity in Kunming wetland park throughout the year was discussed. The results showed that the species richness and abundance of butterflies were not only affected by the seasonal changes, but also by the flower richness and color of flowering plants. In terms of time series, temperature, seasonal changes, flowering plants and plant configuration were important factors to maintain butterfly species diversity. From the perspective of the park as a whole, reasonable allocation of flowering plants and plant colors could promote the diversity of butterflies and the development of biodiversity in urban wetland parks.
2023, 44(3): 64-77.
doi: 10.12172/202303080002
Abstract:
The Duomeilinka National Wetland Park belongs to the permanent river wetland, which located in the convergent hinge of Sichuan Province, Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. Up to now, the investigation on the diversity of birds in this wetland park is fairly insufficient. From 2017 to 2019, the faunas, community structure and spatial types of wide birds in the Duomeilinka National Wetland Park were surveyed, including 90 residents (51.14%), 43 summer visitors (24.43%), 43 winter visitors (16.48%) and 14 passage migrants (7.80%). Among them, 111 species are Palearetic origin, 42 species are Oriental origin, and 23 species are widespread, which account for 63.07%, 23.86% and 13.09% of the total number of species, respectively. In total of 44 species of species protected birds are present in the wetland park, including 11 and 25 species respectively listed on China's National Protected Animals List Class I and Class II, and 8 species were listed on key protected animals of Sichuan Province. The results of G-F index showed that there was a great avian diversity of the genus and family level in the Duomeilinka National Wetland Park. In addition, some similarities and many differences in the avian diversity and community structure were also found among four habitats types through the analysis of the similarity index and G-F index. This study provides evidence to avian protection and the later stage management of Duomeilinka National Wetland Park.
The Duomeilinka National Wetland Park belongs to the permanent river wetland, which located in the convergent hinge of Sichuan Province, Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. Up to now, the investigation on the diversity of birds in this wetland park is fairly insufficient. From 2017 to 2019, the faunas, community structure and spatial types of wide birds in the Duomeilinka National Wetland Park were surveyed, including 90 residents (51.14%), 43 summer visitors (24.43%), 43 winter visitors (16.48%) and 14 passage migrants (7.80%). Among them, 111 species are Palearetic origin, 42 species are Oriental origin, and 23 species are widespread, which account for 63.07%, 23.86% and 13.09% of the total number of species, respectively. In total of 44 species of species protected birds are present in the wetland park, including 11 and 25 species respectively listed on China's National Protected Animals List Class I and Class II, and 8 species were listed on key protected animals of Sichuan Province. The results of G-F index showed that there was a great avian diversity of the genus and family level in the Duomeilinka National Wetland Park. In addition, some similarities and many differences in the avian diversity and community structure were also found among four habitats types through the analysis of the similarity index and G-F index. This study provides evidence to avian protection and the later stage management of Duomeilinka National Wetland Park.
2023, 44(3): 78-87.
doi: 10.12172/202209020001
Abstract:
From April 2008 to December 2021, infrared cameras were used to monitor large and medium-sized mammals and ground birds in and around the Shenguozhuang Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province. 102 camera monitoring sites were set up during the research period, with a total of 25588 effective camera working days, a total of 4705 independent and effective records were obtained, 20 species of 5 orders and 15 families of wild mammals and 40 species of 4 orders and 11 families of wild birds were identified, including 2 species of national class I and 15 species of national class II key protected wild animals. Two species were evaluated as Endangered by IUCN Red List, 6 as Vulnerable and 2 as Near Threatened. Based on the relative abundance index, Blood Pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus) (RAI=2.149), Red panda (Ailurus fulgens) (RAI=1.622), Temminck’s Tragopan (Tragopan temminckii) (RAI=1.614), Tufted Deer (Elaphodus cephalophus) (RAI=1.501) and Lady Amherst's Pheasant (Chrysolophus amherstiae) (RAI=1.450) were ranked as the 5 most abundant mammal and bird species. Based on the site occupancy, Red panda (SO=63.73%), Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) (SO=47.06%), Tufted Deer (SO=43.14%), Mainland Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) (SO=42.16%) and Blood Pheasant (SO=41.18%) were ranked as the 5 most abundant mammal and bird species. The results of activity rhythm analysis showed that the Tufted Deer, Red panda, Temminck’s Tragopan and Blood Pheasant were diurnal animals, moreover, the Tufted Deer and Temminck’s Tragopan had certain morning and dusk activities. The results of this study provide important mammals and birds information and provide important basic data for the improvement of mammal and bird species cataloging, subsequent scientific research and conservation management in the reserve.
From April 2008 to December 2021, infrared cameras were used to monitor large and medium-sized mammals and ground birds in and around the Shenguozhuang Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province. 102 camera monitoring sites were set up during the research period, with a total of 25588 effective camera working days, a total of 4705 independent and effective records were obtained, 20 species of 5 orders and 15 families of wild mammals and 40 species of 4 orders and 11 families of wild birds were identified, including 2 species of national class I and 15 species of national class II key protected wild animals. Two species were evaluated as Endangered by IUCN Red List, 6 as Vulnerable and 2 as Near Threatened. Based on the relative abundance index, Blood Pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus) (RAI=2.149), Red panda (Ailurus fulgens) (RAI=1.622), Temminck’s Tragopan (Tragopan temminckii) (RAI=1.614), Tufted Deer (Elaphodus cephalophus) (RAI=1.501) and Lady Amherst's Pheasant (Chrysolophus amherstiae) (RAI=1.450) were ranked as the 5 most abundant mammal and bird species. Based on the site occupancy, Red panda (SO=63.73%), Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) (SO=47.06%), Tufted Deer (SO=43.14%), Mainland Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) (SO=42.16%) and Blood Pheasant (SO=41.18%) were ranked as the 5 most abundant mammal and bird species. The results of activity rhythm analysis showed that the Tufted Deer, Red panda, Temminck’s Tragopan and Blood Pheasant were diurnal animals, moreover, the Tufted Deer and Temminck’s Tragopan had certain morning and dusk activities. The results of this study provide important mammals and birds information and provide important basic data for the improvement of mammal and bird species cataloging, subsequent scientific research and conservation management in the reserve.
2023, 44(3): 88-94.
doi: 10.12172/202208300001
Abstract:
The Latitude and altitude are the most important environmental gradients that affect the distribution pattern of biodiversity. It is of practical significance to focus on the impact of latitude and altitude gradient on regional biodiversity protection,but there are few related studies at present. In biodiversity hotspot Gaoligong Mountains, bird species in Yaojiaping (25.94°N), Yaping (27.14°N) and Dulong (27.90°N) were surveyed by transect line method at 2000~2400 m a.s.l., species richness and Jaccard similarity index were used to analyze the distribution pattern of bird diversity on altitude and latitude gradients, and the effects altitude gradient and latitude gradient on bird diversity were compared. The results showed that: (1) On the latitude gradient, the bird species number in lowest latitude Yaojiaping was the highest, and the Jaccard similarity index of bird species among the three sites was quite low, and the similarity between Yaojiaping and Yaping in low latitude was higher; (2) On altitude gradient, the peak of bird species richness in Yaojiaping, Yaping and Dulongjiang occured at 2200 m , 2400 m and 2300 m respectively, the Jaccard similarity index of bird species among different altitude segments were quite low in each of the three sites; (3) The Jaccard similarity index on the latitude gradient was similar with that on the altitude gradient. The results showed that the Jaccard similarity index of bird communities in the altitude and latitude spatial gradient of Gaoligong Mountain was low, and the composition of bird communities in the whole region was very different. Therefore, the protection policy need to consider multiple regions and habitats in order to achieve better biodiversity protection. In addition, the change of bird community composition in 100 m altitude gradient in this area was equivalent to 1 latitude gradient, which confirmed the geographical law of climate and environment change in latitude and altitude gradient.
The Latitude and altitude are the most important environmental gradients that affect the distribution pattern of biodiversity. It is of practical significance to focus on the impact of latitude and altitude gradient on regional biodiversity protection,but there are few related studies at present. In biodiversity hotspot Gaoligong Mountains, bird species in Yaojiaping (25.94°N), Yaping (27.14°N) and Dulong (27.90°N) were surveyed by transect line method at 2000~2400 m a.s.l., species richness and Jaccard similarity index were used to analyze the distribution pattern of bird diversity on altitude and latitude gradients, and the effects altitude gradient and latitude gradient on bird diversity were compared. The results showed that: (1) On the latitude gradient, the bird species number in lowest latitude Yaojiaping was the highest, and the Jaccard similarity index of bird species among the three sites was quite low, and the similarity between Yaojiaping and Yaping in low latitude was higher; (2) On altitude gradient, the peak of bird species richness in Yaojiaping, Yaping and Dulongjiang occured at 2200 m , 2400 m and 2300 m respectively, the Jaccard similarity index of bird species among different altitude segments were quite low in each of the three sites; (3) The Jaccard similarity index on the latitude gradient was similar with that on the altitude gradient. The results showed that the Jaccard similarity index of bird communities in the altitude and latitude spatial gradient of Gaoligong Mountain was low, and the composition of bird communities in the whole region was very different. Therefore, the protection policy need to consider multiple regions and habitats in order to achieve better biodiversity protection. In addition, the change of bird community composition in 100 m altitude gradient in this area was equivalent to 1 latitude gradient, which confirmed the geographical law of climate and environment change in latitude and altitude gradient.
2023, 44(3): 95-101.
doi: 10.12172/202208310001
Abstract:
The design and construction of sunken water body was a classic method to create garden landscape and improve ecological function. In order to study the impact of sunken landscape water on the temperature and humidity of offshore sites in different slope directions in summer, an artificial lake about 11940 m2 area in subtropical climate was taken as the object. The observation sites of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m and 20 m offshore were set in the four slope directions of the southeast and northwest of the water slope protection. In summer (39℃/25℃), the temperature and humidity of the sites were measured at 9:30, 11:30, 13:30, 15:30 and 17:30 respectively, and the differences among sites, slope directions and times were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in temperature and humidity at 20 sites in 4 slope directions around the landscape water body (P < 0.05). The maximum temperature difference was 6.54 ℃ at 17:30, and the maximum humidity difference was 18.73% at 9:30. (2) The temperature and humidity showed significant differences among directions, among sites and among times (P < 0.05). Among directions, the maximum temperature difference at 15:30 and the maximum humidity difference at 11:30. Among sites, the maximum temperature difference at 17:30 and the maximum humidity difference at 9:30. (3) The temperature and humidity were significantly affected by slope direction, location and time (P < 0.05). The influence of landscape water on humidity was greater than that of temperature. The first influence factor on temperature was time, and the first influence factor on humidity was site, but the second influence factor on temperature and humidity was slope direction similarly. (4) The influence of landscape water on temperature and humidity of slope direction was east > west > north > south, and the influence on offshore site was site0 > site20 > site5 > site15 > site10. In conclusion, the cooling and humidification effects of water body on offshore sites with different slope directions were significantly different, so the plant community of ecological slope protection of sunken landscape water should be constructed according to the slope directions and sites.
The design and construction of sunken water body was a classic method to create garden landscape and improve ecological function. In order to study the impact of sunken landscape water on the temperature and humidity of offshore sites in different slope directions in summer, an artificial lake about 11940 m2 area in subtropical climate was taken as the object. The observation sites of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m and 20 m offshore were set in the four slope directions of the southeast and northwest of the water slope protection. In summer (39℃/25℃), the temperature and humidity of the sites were measured at 9:30, 11:30, 13:30, 15:30 and 17:30 respectively, and the differences among sites, slope directions and times were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in temperature and humidity at 20 sites in 4 slope directions around the landscape water body (P < 0.05). The maximum temperature difference was 6.54 ℃ at 17:30, and the maximum humidity difference was 18.73% at 9:30. (2) The temperature and humidity showed significant differences among directions, among sites and among times (P < 0.05). Among directions, the maximum temperature difference at 15:30 and the maximum humidity difference at 11:30. Among sites, the maximum temperature difference at 17:30 and the maximum humidity difference at 9:30. (3) The temperature and humidity were significantly affected by slope direction, location and time (P < 0.05). The influence of landscape water on humidity was greater than that of temperature. The first influence factor on temperature was time, and the first influence factor on humidity was site, but the second influence factor on temperature and humidity was slope direction similarly. (4) The influence of landscape water on temperature and humidity of slope direction was east > west > north > south, and the influence on offshore site was site0 > site20 > site5 > site15 > site10. In conclusion, the cooling and humidification effects of water body on offshore sites with different slope directions were significantly different, so the plant community of ecological slope protection of sunken landscape water should be constructed according to the slope directions and sites.
2023, 44(3): 102-109.
doi: 10.12172/202208220003
Abstract:
Water supply affects the diversity and behavior of animals, but the influence of water sources on animals is rarely considered in urban green space planning. In order to study the influence of water sources on animal diversity and activities in urban green spaces, from February 2018 to August 2019, we used 4 camera traps near ponds and other water sources and 3 trigger infrared cameras in areas without water sources in Dali University, to monitor and analyze the differences of species diversity, activity rhythm between rainy and dry seasons and activity rhythm of different species. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 58 species of birds and 6 species of mammals were recorded in this survey, and the capture rate and bird species diversity in water source areas were higher than those in non-water source areas. The mammal diversity in water source ares and non-water resourc ares of non-construciton area was higher than that in construction area. (2) The six species of birds and mammals with relatively high abundance were Tupaia belangeri, Callosciurus erythraeus, Pycnonotus xanthorrhous, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Garrulax sannio, Turdus dissimilis. The nuclear density estimation analysis showed that the peak activity of all species in dry season was earlier than that in rainy season. Estimation analysis revealed that all species’ peak activity occurred earlier in the dry season than in the rainy season, with no significant differences in Tupaia belangeri’s daily activity rhythm in rainy saeson and dry season, but significant differences in the daily activity rhythm of other animal groups in rainy season and dry season. (3) There was no significant differences in daily activity rhythm among Tupaia belangeri, Callosciurus erythraeus and Garrulax sannio, but the daily activity rhythm of other species overlapped to a moderate or higher degree, but the daily activity rhythm was significantly different. The daily activity rhythms of human beings and six kinds of birds and mammals overlapped to a low degree, and the activity rhythms were significantly different. There was a low degree of daily activity rhythms overlap between humans and six birds and mammal species, and there was a significant difference in activity rhythm. The study proved that the utilization of water resources by animals was affected by demand and interference from other species and humans. It suggests that the use of water resources by animals should be considered in the design and management of green space such as campus in the future.
Water supply affects the diversity and behavior of animals, but the influence of water sources on animals is rarely considered in urban green space planning. In order to study the influence of water sources on animal diversity and activities in urban green spaces, from February 2018 to August 2019, we used 4 camera traps near ponds and other water sources and 3 trigger infrared cameras in areas without water sources in Dali University, to monitor and analyze the differences of species diversity, activity rhythm between rainy and dry seasons and activity rhythm of different species. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 58 species of birds and 6 species of mammals were recorded in this survey, and the capture rate and bird species diversity in water source areas were higher than those in non-water source areas. The mammal diversity in water source ares and non-water resourc ares of non-construciton area was higher than that in construction area. (2) The six species of birds and mammals with relatively high abundance were Tupaia belangeri, Callosciurus erythraeus, Pycnonotus xanthorrhous, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Garrulax sannio, Turdus dissimilis. The nuclear density estimation analysis showed that the peak activity of all species in dry season was earlier than that in rainy season. Estimation analysis revealed that all species’ peak activity occurred earlier in the dry season than in the rainy season, with no significant differences in Tupaia belangeri’s daily activity rhythm in rainy saeson and dry season, but significant differences in the daily activity rhythm of other animal groups in rainy season and dry season. (3) There was no significant differences in daily activity rhythm among Tupaia belangeri, Callosciurus erythraeus and Garrulax sannio, but the daily activity rhythm of other species overlapped to a moderate or higher degree, but the daily activity rhythm was significantly different. The daily activity rhythms of human beings and six kinds of birds and mammals overlapped to a low degree, and the activity rhythms were significantly different. There was a low degree of daily activity rhythms overlap between humans and six birds and mammal species, and there was a significant difference in activity rhythm. The study proved that the utilization of water resources by animals was affected by demand and interference from other species and humans. It suggests that the use of water resources by animals should be considered in the design and management of green space such as campus in the future.
2023, 44(3): 110-115.
doi: 10.12172/202206300001
Abstract:
Cinnamomum longepaniculatum is a second-class key protected plant in China, and it is also an economic forest rich in natural aromatic oil, which is unique to China. Currently, there were few studies on Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds, and there was no in-depth study on how the germination rate and physiological index of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds change after gibberellin treatment. In order to promote the rapid germination of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds, the plant growth regulator GAs was used to treat them. Through the determination of various physiological index and the observation of morphological structure, the theoretical basis of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds germination could be further enriched. Taking Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds as the experimental materials, four concentrations of GAs (0.2 g·L−1, 0.4 g·L−1,0.6 g·L−1,1 g·L−1) treat the seeds for 24 h and 48 h, the physiological indexes and embryo development were compared. The results showed that 0.4 g·L−1 gibberellin treatment could significantly increase SOD and CAT activities, significantly decreased MDA content and significantly increased soluble protein content in Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds. The morphological development of embryos was obviously better than other treatments, and the endosperm cell connection density was smaller, the lipid droplets content was higher and the cell wall was thinner. Therefore, soaking seeds with 0.4 g·L−1GAs for 48 h was beneficial to promote the germination of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds.
Cinnamomum longepaniculatum is a second-class key protected plant in China, and it is also an economic forest rich in natural aromatic oil, which is unique to China. Currently, there were few studies on Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds, and there was no in-depth study on how the germination rate and physiological index of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds change after gibberellin treatment. In order to promote the rapid germination of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds, the plant growth regulator GAs was used to treat them. Through the determination of various physiological index and the observation of morphological structure, the theoretical basis of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds germination could be further enriched. Taking Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds as the experimental materials, four concentrations of GAs (0.2 g·L−1, 0.4 g·L−1,0.6 g·L−1,1 g·L−1) treat the seeds for 24 h and 48 h, the physiological indexes and embryo development were compared. The results showed that 0.4 g·L−1 gibberellin treatment could significantly increase SOD and CAT activities, significantly decreased MDA content and significantly increased soluble protein content in Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds. The morphological development of embryos was obviously better than other treatments, and the endosperm cell connection density was smaller, the lipid droplets content was higher and the cell wall was thinner. Therefore, soaking seeds with 0.4 g·L−1GAs for 48 h was beneficial to promote the germination of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum seeds.
2023, 44(3): 116-120.
doi: 10.12172/202205130001
Abstract:
In order to explore the cultivation potential of Dendrocalamopsis oldhamii in Nanchong, the barreled seedlings of Dendrocalamopsis oldhamii were used to carry out summer and winter cultivation experiments in three districts and counties of Nanchong. The number of shoots, the diameter of the grown bamboo, the morphological characters of the height of the plant, and the cold tolerance were compared. The results showed that the survival rate of D. was above 82%. After planting in summer, bamboo shoots could be produced in the same year, with an average of 3.4 to 5 shoots. When bamboo shoots developed into a first generation of bamboo in winter, the average ground diameter was 1.76~2.49cm, the average plant height was 2.4-3.1m. In the second year, the second-generation induced from the first-generation bamboo shoots was on average 2 shoots, and the average ground diameter of the second-generation was 1.5 times that of the first generation, and the average plant height is 1.56-1.85 times that of the first generation. After planting in winter, 5.1-5.8 bamboo shoots could be produced in the next summer and autumn, and the average diameter of the developed adult bamboo was 2.11-3 cm, and the average plant height was 2.65-3.86 m. There was no obvious freezing injury of D. in winter. It is considered that D. is suitable for introduction and cultivation in Nanchong, and the relevant research has increased the suitable range of D. in Chongqing to the north by 2 to 3 latitudes.
In order to explore the cultivation potential of Dendrocalamopsis oldhamii in Nanchong, the barreled seedlings of Dendrocalamopsis oldhamii were used to carry out summer and winter cultivation experiments in three districts and counties of Nanchong. The number of shoots, the diameter of the grown bamboo, the morphological characters of the height of the plant, and the cold tolerance were compared. The results showed that the survival rate of D. was above 82%. After planting in summer, bamboo shoots could be produced in the same year, with an average of 3.4 to 5 shoots. When bamboo shoots developed into a first generation of bamboo in winter, the average ground diameter was 1.76~2.49cm, the average plant height was 2.4-3.1m. In the second year, the second-generation induced from the first-generation bamboo shoots was on average 2 shoots, and the average ground diameter of the second-generation was 1.5 times that of the first generation, and the average plant height is 1.56-1.85 times that of the first generation. After planting in winter, 5.1-5.8 bamboo shoots could be produced in the next summer and autumn, and the average diameter of the developed adult bamboo was 2.11-3 cm, and the average plant height was 2.65-3.86 m. There was no obvious freezing injury of D. in winter. It is considered that D. is suitable for introduction and cultivation in Nanchong, and the relevant research has increased the suitable range of D. in Chongqing to the north by 2 to 3 latitudes.
2023, 44(3): 121-127.
doi: 10.12172/202208300003
Abstract:
In order to provide reference for the afforestation cultivation and sustainable management of Pinus sylvetrisl plantation in Yulin sandy area. In this study, 38 sample plots of P. sylvetrisl plantation with 20 m×20 m were set up in Yuyang district of Yulin city, and the growth indexes of DBH and height of P. sylvetrisl plantation at different ages were investigated. Using the prediction model of quantitative theory I, the multivariate regression equation between the average height of dominant trees and site factors in P. sylvetrisl plantation was established, and the site evaluation grade was determined, and the site quality of P. sylvetrisl plantation was quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that: (1) With the growth of forest, the average diameter at breast height and tree height of P. sylvetrisl plantation increased significantly, and the fastest growth rate was in the 10th to 20th years. (2) The P. sylvetrisl plantation was divided into 12 site types with the three dominant factors of slope aspect, elevation and slope position, and the
In order to provide reference for the afforestation cultivation and sustainable management of Pinus sylvetrisl plantation in Yulin sandy area. In this study, 38 sample plots of P. sylvetrisl plantation with 20 m×20 m were set up in Yuyang district of Yulin city, and the growth indexes of DBH and height of P. sylvetrisl plantation at different ages were investigated. Using the prediction model of quantitative theory I, the multivariate regression equation between the average height of dominant trees and site factors in P. sylvetrisl plantation was established, and the site evaluation grade was determined, and the site quality of P. sylvetrisl plantation was quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that: (1) With the growth of forest, the average diameter at breast height and tree height of P. sylvetrisl plantation increased significantly, and the fastest growth rate was in the 10th to 20th years. (2) The P. sylvetrisl plantation was divided into 12 site types with the three dominant factors of slope aspect, elevation and slope position, and the
2023, 44(3): 128-134.
doi: 10.12172/202207190003
Abstract:
Due to lack of water and fertilizer in sandy land, the grass survival rate is low and the growth is slow. In this paper, the effect of super absorbent bamboo fiber combined with Bacillus subtilis on vegetation restoration of sandy land was explored. The results were as follows: (1) Compared with the control group, the average monthly soil humidity in the experimental group was 38.06% higher, and the average monthly soil temperature was 2.89% lower. The number of bacteria and fungi in the 0-10cm soil layer was 126.69% and 50.25% higher than that in the control group; (2) The total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and yield of forage in the experimental group increased by 114.49%, 35.74%, 44.47% and 52.63% compared with the control group. The soil ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, but not significantly; (3) The survival rate of Elymus dahuricus in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the number of plants per unit area was 345.04% higher than that in the control group. The results showed that the super absorbent bamboo fiber combined with Bacillus subtilis could effectively improve the soil moisture and nutrient content in sandy land, and improve the plant survival rate in sandy land.
Due to lack of water and fertilizer in sandy land, the grass survival rate is low and the growth is slow. In this paper, the effect of super absorbent bamboo fiber combined with Bacillus subtilis on vegetation restoration of sandy land was explored. The results were as follows: (1) Compared with the control group, the average monthly soil humidity in the experimental group was 38.06% higher, and the average monthly soil temperature was 2.89% lower. The number of bacteria and fungi in the 0-10cm soil layer was 126.69% and 50.25% higher than that in the control group; (2) The total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and yield of forage in the experimental group increased by 114.49%, 35.74%, 44.47% and 52.63% compared with the control group. The soil ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, but not significantly; (3) The survival rate of Elymus dahuricus in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the number of plants per unit area was 345.04% higher than that in the control group. The results showed that the super absorbent bamboo fiber combined with Bacillus subtilis could effectively improve the soil moisture and nutrient content in sandy land, and improve the plant survival rate in sandy land.
2023, 44(3): 135-140.
doi: 10.12172/202302160002
Abstract:
In order to study the effect of short-term forest rehabilitation activities on the pulmonary ventilation function of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 20 COPD patients living in urban areas during the remission period were selected to carry out a 5-day forest rehabilitation activity in Kuanba Forest Health Center. By comparing the changes of various indicators of pulmonary ventilation function before and after the patients' rehabilitation activities, the impact of short-term forest rehabilitation on the pulmonary ventilation function of COPD patients and the related factors were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that short-term forest rehabilitation had a significant positive effect on the recovery of pulmonary ventilation function indexes in COPD patients, and the effect on female patients was higher than that of male patients; the correlation analysis showed that the lifting rate of FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, FEF25%-75% of the instantaneous flow of forced expiratory was significantly (P<0.05) or extremely significantly (P<0.01) negatively correlated with age, the MVV lifting rate was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of lung function damage (P<0.05), and the one-second rate was significantly positively correlated with the degree of lung function damage (P<0.05), indicating that short-term forest health care played a greater role in COPD patients with younger age and lighter lung function damage.
In order to study the effect of short-term forest rehabilitation activities on the pulmonary ventilation function of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 20 COPD patients living in urban areas during the remission period were selected to carry out a 5-day forest rehabilitation activity in Kuanba Forest Health Center. By comparing the changes of various indicators of pulmonary ventilation function before and after the patients' rehabilitation activities, the impact of short-term forest rehabilitation on the pulmonary ventilation function of COPD patients and the related factors were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that short-term forest rehabilitation had a significant positive effect on the recovery of pulmonary ventilation function indexes in COPD patients, and the effect on female patients was higher than that of male patients; the correlation analysis showed that the lifting rate of FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, FEF25%-75% of the instantaneous flow of forced expiratory was significantly (P<0.05) or extremely significantly (P<0.01) negatively correlated with age, the MVV lifting rate was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of lung function damage (P<0.05), and the one-second rate was significantly positively correlated with the degree of lung function damage (P<0.05), indicating that short-term forest health care played a greater role in COPD patients with younger age and lighter lung function damage.
2023, 44(3): 141-145.
doi: 10.12172/202208120001
Abstract:
In this study, the Picea purpurea community in Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve was taken as the research object, and the species composition and species diversity of each layer in the community were investigated and analyzed by community survey method. The results showed that: (1) There were 82 species of P. purpurea community in Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve, belonging to 41 families and 60 genera, which were dominated by Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Caprifoliaceae. (2) The richness index (S), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), Simpson dominance index (D) and Pielou evenness index (E) of each layer in the community were in the order of shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer. With the increase of altitude, the diversity indexes of tree layer and herb layer increased first and then decreased with the increase of altitude, and the diversity index of shrub layer decreased monotonically with the increase of altitude. (3) There was a negative correlation between altitude and diversity indexes of tree layer and shrub layer, a negative correlation between altitude and species richness index (S) of herb layer, and a positive correlation between altitude and other indexes of herb layer. The results showed that the species diversity of P. purpurea community in Gahai-Zecha Nature Reserve was greatly affected by altitude.
In this study, the Picea purpurea community in Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve was taken as the research object, and the species composition and species diversity of each layer in the community were investigated and analyzed by community survey method. The results showed that: (1) There were 82 species of P. purpurea community in Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve, belonging to 41 families and 60 genera, which were dominated by Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Caprifoliaceae. (2) The richness index (S), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), Simpson dominance index (D) and Pielou evenness index (E) of each layer in the community were in the order of shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer. With the increase of altitude, the diversity indexes of tree layer and herb layer increased first and then decreased with the increase of altitude, and the diversity index of shrub layer decreased monotonically with the increase of altitude. (3) There was a negative correlation between altitude and diversity indexes of tree layer and shrub layer, a negative correlation between altitude and species richness index (S) of herb layer, and a positive correlation between altitude and other indexes of herb layer. The results showed that the species diversity of P. purpurea community in Gahai-Zecha Nature Reserve was greatly affected by altitude.
2023, 44(3): 146-149.
doi: 10.12172/202204220002
Abstract:
Study the environmental toxicity of degradable and super absorbent bamboo fiber, and provide experimental basis for its safe utilization. In this paper, SPF NIH mice were used as experimental animals to study the toxicity of super absorbent bamboo fiber to mice by intragastric administration with different concentrations of super absorbent bamboo fiber. The results showed that no mice died during the toxicity test. There were no tremors, convulsions, salivation, diarrhea, lethargy or coma in all test groups. The appetite of mice was also normal, and there were no diarrhea and anorexia. There was no obvious abnormality in all organs of all mice in the test group. When the super absorbent bamboo fiber was treated by gavage to 5000 mg/kg •bw, the mice did not die and could gain weight normally. According to the toxicity classification, super absorbent bamboo fiber was actually non-toxic.
Study the environmental toxicity of degradable and super absorbent bamboo fiber, and provide experimental basis for its safe utilization. In this paper, SPF NIH mice were used as experimental animals to study the toxicity of super absorbent bamboo fiber to mice by intragastric administration with different concentrations of super absorbent bamboo fiber. The results showed that no mice died during the toxicity test. There were no tremors, convulsions, salivation, diarrhea, lethargy or coma in all test groups. The appetite of mice was also normal, and there were no diarrhea and anorexia. There was no obvious abnormality in all organs of all mice in the test group. When the super absorbent bamboo fiber was treated by gavage to 5000 mg/kg •bw, the mice did not die and could gain weight normally. According to the toxicity classification, super absorbent bamboo fiber was actually non-toxic.
2023, 44(3): 150-152.
doi: 10.12172/202207210002
Abstract:
In this paper, a new flora family record, Triuridaceae, was reported for the first time in Sichuan province, including a new record genus, Sciaphila Blume, and a new record species, Sciaphila ramosa Fukuyma et Suzuki.
In this paper, a new flora family record, Triuridaceae, was reported for the first time in Sichuan province, including a new record genus, Sciaphila Blume, and a new record species, Sciaphila ramosa Fukuyma et Suzuki.
2023, 44(3): 153-155.
doi: 10.12172/202206060001
Abstract:
In this paper, Liparis rostrata Rchb. f. was reported as a new record of Orchidaceae in Sichuan Province, China. The morphological description, detailed photographs, and geographical distribution of this species were also provided. The voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIB). This finding further enriched the plant diversity in Sichuan Province.
In this paper, Liparis rostrata Rchb. f. was reported as a new record of Orchidaceae in Sichuan Province, China. The morphological description, detailed photographs, and geographical distribution of this species were also provided. The voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIB). This finding further enriched the plant diversity in Sichuan Province.
