Latest Accepted Papers
Articles in press have been peer-reviewed and accepted, which are not yet assigned to volumes /issues, but are citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI).
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202403080002
Abstract:
To establish an early monitoring model of pine wood nematode disease suitable for Sichuan province. From June to September 2020, combined with the biological characteristics of Monochamus alternatus, spectral image collection of experimental samples selected in the field was carried out using a handheld hyperspectral imager, and ENVI software was used to process and extract spectral curves. The results showed as follows: (1) After 5 times of image collection, the target plants showed typical symptoms from the initial stage of infection to withered and yellow death, and the spectral reflectance of infected and control plants was significantly different at each stage; (2) The weighted average of the variance of spectral reflectance at different time in different bands was carried out to extract four sensitive bands, for 488.7nm, 550.8nm, 682.2nm and 779.8nm; (3) Based on regression fitting of sensitive bands and vegetation index, EVI index type early inversion monitoring model of 3 bands was established, namely K=0.6874e0.7293*EVI, and plant susceptibility could be qualitatively judged by K value.
To establish an early monitoring model of pine wood nematode disease suitable for Sichuan province. From June to September 2020, combined with the biological characteristics of Monochamus alternatus, spectral image collection of experimental samples selected in the field was carried out using a handheld hyperspectral imager, and ENVI software was used to process and extract spectral curves. The results showed as follows: (1) After 5 times of image collection, the target plants showed typical symptoms from the initial stage of infection to withered and yellow death, and the spectral reflectance of infected and control plants was significantly different at each stage; (2) The weighted average of the variance of spectral reflectance at different time in different bands was carried out to extract four sensitive bands, for 488.7nm, 550.8nm, 682.2nm and 779.8nm; (3) Based on regression fitting of sensitive bands and vegetation index, EVI index type early inversion monitoring model of 3 bands was established, namely K=0.6874e0.7293*EVI, and plant susceptibility could be qualitatively judged by K value.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202403080001
Abstract:
To investigate the early geographical location and incidence of pine wood nematode disease infected by Masson pine. In early July 2021, remote sensing images were collected by a hyperspectral imager mounted on UAV, and support vector machines were selected for supervised classification. Based on the inversion model of early disease susceptibility, the geographical location and related information of M. pine in the early stage of disease susceptibility were successfully extracted. The results showed that: (1) the combination of true color images at 460 nm, 525 nm and 635 nm was used for ROI mapping, and the separation degree between M. Pine and other ground cover was high; (2) The geographic location and hyperspectral reflectance data of 741 Masson pines were obtained successfully based on the supervised classification of support vector machine; (3) Combined with the monitoring model, 64 suspected infected M. pine were extracted. Through random sampling and microscopic examination, the accuracy rate of infected plants in the cluster range of M. pine was 86.67%, the incidence rate of M. pine in the forest was 7.49%. In conclusion, the incidence of pine wood nematode in the natural state of M. pine forest in southern of Sichuan was preliminatively revealed, which is helpful to guide the early and accurate control of pine wood nematode disease in the future.
To investigate the early geographical location and incidence of pine wood nematode disease infected by Masson pine. In early July 2021, remote sensing images were collected by a hyperspectral imager mounted on UAV, and support vector machines were selected for supervised classification. Based on the inversion model of early disease susceptibility, the geographical location and related information of M. pine in the early stage of disease susceptibility were successfully extracted. The results showed that: (1) the combination of true color images at 460 nm, 525 nm and 635 nm was used for ROI mapping, and the separation degree between M. Pine and other ground cover was high; (2) The geographic location and hyperspectral reflectance data of 741 Masson pines were obtained successfully based on the supervised classification of support vector machine; (3) Combined with the monitoring model, 64 suspected infected M. pine were extracted. Through random sampling and microscopic examination, the accuracy rate of infected plants in the cluster range of M. pine was 86.67%, the incidence rate of M. pine in the forest was 7.49%. In conclusion, the incidence of pine wood nematode in the natural state of M. pine forest in southern of Sichuan was preliminatively revealed, which is helpful to guide the early and accurate control of pine wood nematode disease in the future.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310200001
Abstract:
Canopy transparency of landscape trees has an important influence on shade function and other ecological benefits. Ten common street trees in Zhaoqing City were selected and canopy photographs were taken by digital camera. Canopy transparency was measured by Photoshop image processing method to verify the correlation between tree parameters, canopy transparency, shade area and shade illumination. The shade function was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that: (1) Delonix regia, Alstonia scholaris, Terminalia neotaliala and Ficus virens had the highest opacity, while Delonix regia, Alstonia scholaris, Terminalia neotaliala and Mangifera indica had the highest shade illumination. (2)Canopy transparency (CT), under branch height (UBH), tree height(TH), Diameter at breast height(DBH) were positively correlated with shade illumination (SI); canopy width (CW), canopy height (CH), DBH, TH were positively correlated with shade area (S); UBH, DBH, TH were positively correlated with CT; SI and CH were significantly negatively correlated, and layer transparency was significantly positively correlated with shade illumination. Canopy width is the dominant factor determining shade area, canopy transparency and canopy height are important factors determining shade illumination of trees. (3)The top three trees in the comprehensive shade function ranking were Ficus microcarpa, Ficus virens and Chukrasia tabularis. The measurement of canopy transparency provides a new idea for the study of shade function of landscape trees.
Canopy transparency of landscape trees has an important influence on shade function and other ecological benefits. Ten common street trees in Zhaoqing City were selected and canopy photographs were taken by digital camera. Canopy transparency was measured by Photoshop image processing method to verify the correlation between tree parameters, canopy transparency, shade area and shade illumination. The shade function was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that: (1) Delonix regia, Alstonia scholaris, Terminalia neotaliala and Ficus virens had the highest opacity, while Delonix regia, Alstonia scholaris, Terminalia neotaliala and Mangifera indica had the highest shade illumination. (2)Canopy transparency (CT), under branch height (UBH), tree height(TH), Diameter at breast height(DBH) were positively correlated with shade illumination (SI); canopy width (CW), canopy height (CH), DBH, TH were positively correlated with shade area (S); UBH, DBH, TH were positively correlated with CT; SI and CH were significantly negatively correlated, and layer transparency was significantly positively correlated with shade illumination. Canopy width is the dominant factor determining shade area, canopy transparency and canopy height are important factors determining shade illumination of trees. (3)The top three trees in the comprehensive shade function ranking were Ficus microcarpa, Ficus virens and Chukrasia tabularis. The measurement of canopy transparency provides a new idea for the study of shade function of landscape trees.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202402200001
Abstract:
This study explores the effects of afforestation density on the early growth of Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests, as well as on the physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of the soil, providing a theoretical basis for maintaining soil fertility and sustainable management of Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests. A 6-year-old Phoebe zhennan artificial forest with three different afforestation densities (D1: 667 trees/hm2, D2: 833 trees/hm2, and D3: 1111 trees/hm2) was selected as the research object. Growth characteristics such as tree height and diameter at breast height were investigated, and soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity in different soil layers (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm) were measured. The early responses of tree growth, soil physicochemical properties, and enzyme activity in Phoebe zhennan artificial forests to afforestation density were analyzed. The results showed that: With the increase in afforestation density, the average diameter at breast height, wood volume, and crown projection area of Phoebe zhennan artificial forests gradually decreased. The D1 density stand was significantly higher than the D2 and D3 density stands, indicating that relatively low afforestation density is more conducive to the accumulation of wood volume in Phoebe zhennan artificial forests. The afforestation density has a significant effect on soil nitrate nitrogen (P˂0.01), while both afforestation density and soil depth have significant effects on soil pH and total nitrogen (P˂0.01). The soil of Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests was weakly alkaline, and with the increase in stand density, soil pH and moisture content showed a decreasing trend, while soil organic carbon content showed a gradually increasing trend. With the increase in soil depth, soil total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and total phosphorus content gradually decreased, indicating a significant "surface aggregation" phenomenon in the soil of Phoebe zhennan artificial forests. In the same soil layer, the urease and sucrase activities of D1 density Phoebe zhennan artificial forests were the strongest, and sucrase activity decreased with the increase in afforestation density. Comprehensive analysis of density effects on tree growth and soil quality showed that the comprehensive indexes of tree growth and soil quality in D1 and D2 density stands were the largest, reaching 0.61 and 0.56 respectively, indicating that relatively low afforestation density plays a certain role in improving tree growth and soil quality. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain the density of 6-year-old Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests not higher than 833 trees/hm2, which is more conducive to improving soil quality and promoting tree growth.
This study explores the effects of afforestation density on the early growth of Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests, as well as on the physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of the soil, providing a theoretical basis for maintaining soil fertility and sustainable management of Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests. A 6-year-old Phoebe zhennan artificial forest with three different afforestation densities (D1: 667 trees/hm2, D2: 833 trees/hm2, and D3: 1111 trees/hm2) was selected as the research object. Growth characteristics such as tree height and diameter at breast height were investigated, and soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity in different soil layers (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm) were measured. The early responses of tree growth, soil physicochemical properties, and enzyme activity in Phoebe zhennan artificial forests to afforestation density were analyzed. The results showed that: With the increase in afforestation density, the average diameter at breast height, wood volume, and crown projection area of Phoebe zhennan artificial forests gradually decreased. The D1 density stand was significantly higher than the D2 and D3 density stands, indicating that relatively low afforestation density is more conducive to the accumulation of wood volume in Phoebe zhennan artificial forests. The afforestation density has a significant effect on soil nitrate nitrogen (P˂0.01), while both afforestation density and soil depth have significant effects on soil pH and total nitrogen (P˂0.01). The soil of Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests was weakly alkaline, and with the increase in stand density, soil pH and moisture content showed a decreasing trend, while soil organic carbon content showed a gradually increasing trend. With the increase in soil depth, soil total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and total phosphorus content gradually decreased, indicating a significant "surface aggregation" phenomenon in the soil of Phoebe zhennan artificial forests. In the same soil layer, the urease and sucrase activities of D1 density Phoebe zhennan artificial forests were the strongest, and sucrase activity decreased with the increase in afforestation density. Comprehensive analysis of density effects on tree growth and soil quality showed that the comprehensive indexes of tree growth and soil quality in D1 and D2 density stands were the largest, reaching 0.61 and 0.56 respectively, indicating that relatively low afforestation density plays a certain role in improving tree growth and soil quality. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain the density of 6-year-old Phoebe zhen nan artificial forests not higher than 833 trees/hm2, which is more conducive to improving soil quality and promoting tree growth.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202311060001
Abstract:
Anthropogenic interference of different intensities （L:mild interference、M:moderate interference&H:severe disturbance）on species diversity and soil physical and chemical properties of Eucalyptus robusta plantation in Cangping Mountain Park, Ya'an, Sichuan. The results showed that a total of 75 species of vascular plants belonging to 71 genera in 52 families were recorded. There was no significant difference in the species diversity index of shrub layer (P>0.05). With the increase of disturbance intensity, the species diversity index of shrub layer showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the species diversity index of herbaceous layer showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, the contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter, available potassium and total potassium all showed a decreasing trend. The contents of pH values, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium and total potassium were closely related to the species diversity of the herbaceous layer. The shrub layer diversity index was significantly negatively correlated with water content.
Anthropogenic interference of different intensities （L:mild interference、M:moderate interference&H:severe disturbance）on species diversity and soil physical and chemical properties of Eucalyptus robusta plantation in Cangping Mountain Park, Ya'an, Sichuan. The results showed that a total of 75 species of vascular plants belonging to 71 genera in 52 families were recorded. There was no significant difference in the species diversity index of shrub layer (P>0.05). With the increase of disturbance intensity, the species diversity index of shrub layer showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the species diversity index of herbaceous layer showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, the contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter, available potassium and total potassium all showed a decreasing trend. The contents of pH values, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium and total potassium were closely related to the species diversity of the herbaceous layer. The shrub layer diversity index was significantly negatively correlated with water content.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202402010001
Abstract:
Phytopcide which can enhance human immunity, inhibit the growth of cancer cells, has a special medical function, and has certain health effects of regulating blood pressure, relieving mental disorders, reducing blood sugar, relieving pain and anti-spasticity.With the rapid development of forest health industry in recent years, the research,development and utilization of forest phytopcide have attracted more and more attention from scholars.The study on the composition, relative content and diural-dynamic variation characteristics of phytopcide in volatile organic compounds released by forest health plants can provide reference for the development of forest health activities and the optimization of the time and place of health.In this study, two forest health plants, Acer palmatum and Camellia sinensis, which are featured in the national forest health base, were taken as the research objects.Using dynamic headspace collection method timing quantitative adsorption samples, using Entech7200 preconcentration and Agilent7890B / 5977GC-MS instrument analysis,to identify the composition, relative content and diurnal dynamic change characteristics of phytopcide in VOCs of Acer palmatum Thunb. and Camellia sinensis.The results showed that the components of phytopcide of the two forest health plants were mainly alkanes, alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes and terpenes, among which alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons accounted for a relatively high proportion. The relative contents of terpenes, an important component of Acer palmatum Thunb. phytopcide, were higher than those of Camellia sinensis, and the relative contents of terpenes of two botanies in phytopcide showed the same diurnal variation which is the relative contents of terpenes of 8:00AM and 16:00 PM were higher, and the relative contents of 12:00 PM were the lowest.Therefore, Acer palmatum Thunb. with high ornamental value and high phytopcide content can be preferred in the construction of forest health cultivation base and selection of forest health cultivation plants.It is more appropriate to carry out forest health activities at 8:00 AM and 16:00 PM.
Phytopcide which can enhance human immunity, inhibit the growth of cancer cells, has a special medical function, and has certain health effects of regulating blood pressure, relieving mental disorders, reducing blood sugar, relieving pain and anti-spasticity.With the rapid development of forest health industry in recent years, the research,development and utilization of forest phytopcide have attracted more and more attention from scholars.The study on the composition, relative content and diural-dynamic variation characteristics of phytopcide in volatile organic compounds released by forest health plants can provide reference for the development of forest health activities and the optimization of the time and place of health.In this study, two forest health plants, Acer palmatum and Camellia sinensis, which are featured in the national forest health base, were taken as the research objects.Using dynamic headspace collection method timing quantitative adsorption samples, using Entech7200 preconcentration and Agilent7890B / 5977GC-MS instrument analysis,to identify the composition, relative content and diurnal dynamic change characteristics of phytopcide in VOCs of Acer palmatum Thunb. and Camellia sinensis.The results showed that the components of phytopcide of the two forest health plants were mainly alkanes, alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes and terpenes, among which alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons accounted for a relatively high proportion. The relative contents of terpenes, an important component of Acer palmatum Thunb. phytopcide, were higher than those of Camellia sinensis, and the relative contents of terpenes of two botanies in phytopcide showed the same diurnal variation which is the relative contents of terpenes of 8:00AM and 16:00 PM were higher, and the relative contents of 12:00 PM were the lowest.Therefore, Acer palmatum Thunb. with high ornamental value and high phytopcide content can be preferred in the construction of forest health cultivation base and selection of forest health cultivation plants.It is more appropriate to carry out forest health activities at 8:00 AM and 16:00 PM.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202401260002
Abstract:
The germination characteristics of Acer pentaphyllum seeds harvested for 1 and 3 years in Yajiang County, Jiulong County, Muli County, Jiulong Sanyagong and Kangding City in Sichuan Province were studied, and the results were as follows. (1) The seed germination rate of Acer pentaphylla was generally low (between 4.0% and 17.6%) in the five regions, and the seed germination rate in Muli County, Yajiang County and Jiulong County was significantly higher than that in Kangding City and Sanyagong in Jiulong. (2) The seed kernel percentage of Acer pentaphylla harvested for 1 year in the five regions was low (between 36.8% and 45.2%), but there was no significant regional difference. (3) The embryo viability of Acer pentaphylla seeds harvested at 1 year in five regions was high (more than 95% in Jiulong County, Muli County and Kangding City), medium (91.7% in Sanyagong, Jiulong) and low (53.3% in Yajiang County). (4) The water absorption of Acer pentaphylla seeds was divided into three stages: rapid water absorption period, slow water absorption stage and stable water absorption stage. (5) The seed germination characteristics of Acer pentaphylla were affected by the preservation time. The seeds of Acer pentaphylla harvested for 3 years in Jiulong County and Muli County could not germinate normally, and the seed kernel rate and seed embryo vigor were reduced. In conclusion, the differences in seed germination characteristics of Acer pentaphylla from different provenances were related to embryo viability, and the prolongation of storage time would reduce embryo viability.
The germination characteristics of Acer pentaphyllum seeds harvested for 1 and 3 years in Yajiang County, Jiulong County, Muli County, Jiulong Sanyagong and Kangding City in Sichuan Province were studied, and the results were as follows. (1) The seed germination rate of Acer pentaphylla was generally low (between 4.0% and 17.6%) in the five regions, and the seed germination rate in Muli County, Yajiang County and Jiulong County was significantly higher than that in Kangding City and Sanyagong in Jiulong. (2) The seed kernel percentage of Acer pentaphylla harvested for 1 year in the five regions was low (between 36.8% and 45.2%), but there was no significant regional difference. (3) The embryo viability of Acer pentaphylla seeds harvested at 1 year in five regions was high (more than 95% in Jiulong County, Muli County and Kangding City), medium (91.7% in Sanyagong, Jiulong) and low (53.3% in Yajiang County). (4) The water absorption of Acer pentaphylla seeds was divided into three stages: rapid water absorption period, slow water absorption stage and stable water absorption stage. (5) The seed germination characteristics of Acer pentaphylla were affected by the preservation time. The seeds of Acer pentaphylla harvested for 3 years in Jiulong County and Muli County could not germinate normally, and the seed kernel rate and seed embryo vigor were reduced. In conclusion, the differences in seed germination characteristics of Acer pentaphylla from different provenances were related to embryo viability, and the prolongation of storage time would reduce embryo viability.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202401260001
Abstract:
Acer pentaphyllum is China's endangered Acer genus of deciduous trees, the basic research is relatively weak. This study takes Acer pentaphyllum of Jiulong County(JL), Jiulongsanyagong(SG), Muli County(ML), Yajiang county(YJ) and Kangding County(KD) in Sichuan as materials, using the method of morphological observation, analysis of the characteristics of fruit traits. The main results are as follows. (1) The average coefficient of variation of Acer pentaphyllum fruit in five regions of Sichuan Province showed that the diversity of fruit traits was the most abundant in JL and the diversity of fruit traits in KD was low. (2) The seed color of Sichuan Acer pentaphyllum Group was mainly pale yellow, and the surface of the two wings was triangular. (3) Fruit height, fruit width and inclusion angle could be used as key indexes to study the diffusion characteristics of Acer pentaphylla. (4) The clustering results showed that Acer pentaphylla in five regions of Sichuan Province was geographically clustered into four categories.
Acer pentaphyllum is China's endangered Acer genus of deciduous trees, the basic research is relatively weak. This study takes Acer pentaphyllum of Jiulong County(JL), Jiulongsanyagong(SG), Muli County(ML), Yajiang county(YJ) and Kangding County(KD) in Sichuan as materials, using the method of morphological observation, analysis of the characteristics of fruit traits. The main results are as follows. (1) The average coefficient of variation of Acer pentaphyllum fruit in five regions of Sichuan Province showed that the diversity of fruit traits was the most abundant in JL and the diversity of fruit traits in KD was low. (2) The seed color of Sichuan Acer pentaphyllum Group was mainly pale yellow, and the surface of the two wings was triangular. (3) Fruit height, fruit width and inclusion angle could be used as key indexes to study the diffusion characteristics of Acer pentaphylla. (4) The clustering results showed that Acer pentaphylla in five regions of Sichuan Province was geographically clustered into four categories.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202311090001
Abstract:
In order to investigate the absolute contents of the main components in Litsea cubeba essential oil, a gas chromatography mass spectrometry/selective ion monitoring (GC-MS/SIM) was established for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the main components (α--pinene, β--pinene, D-limonene, 1, 8-cineole, linalool, citronellal, citral) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The method is simple and efficient, and the components in Litsea cubeba essential oil were well separated within 25 min. The linearity of the method was good over a certain range (R2> 0.999), and the precision, stability and reproducibility were all in accordance with the requirements, with the average recoveries of 93.40%-107.35%. The results showed that the method meets the requirements of methodological validation, and can be used for the determination of the multi-component content of Litsea cubeba essential oil and provide a basis for its quality evaluation.
In order to investigate the absolute contents of the main components in Litsea cubeba essential oil, a gas chromatography mass spectrometry/selective ion monitoring (GC-MS/SIM) was established for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the main components (α--pinene, β--pinene, D-limonene, 1, 8-cineole, linalool, citronellal, citral) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The method is simple and efficient, and the components in Litsea cubeba essential oil were well separated within 25 min. The linearity of the method was good over a certain range (R2> 0.999), and the precision, stability and reproducibility were all in accordance with the requirements, with the average recoveries of 93.40%-107.35%. The results showed that the method meets the requirements of methodological validation, and can be used for the determination of the multi-component content of Litsea cubeba essential oil and provide a basis for its quality evaluation.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202311040002
Abstract:
Water bird diversity monitoring is an important foundation for the scientific protection and management of wetland ecosystems. A fixed line method was used to investigate the species diversity of waterbirds in the Nanchong section of the Jialing River from December 2022 to February 2023. A total of 32 species of waterbirds were recorded, belonging to 7 orders and 10 families, with 10 species of wading birds and 21 species of natatores. Among these species, one species were the first grade national protected animals in China, three species were the provincial protected species. There were 25 species of winter vistor birds, 5 species of resident birds, one species of summer visitor birds, one species of migrant birds. In fauna, 24 species belonged to the Palearctic Realm component, 6 species to the widespread one, 2 species to the Oriental Realm one. The dominant species were Eastern Spot-billed Duck (Anas zonorhyncha) and Gadwall (Mareca strepera), which accounted for 25.69% of the total number of observed waterbirds. Through correlation analysis, the intensity of interference was significantly negatively correlated with the diversity index of wading birds (r=0.614, P<0.05), the floodplain area was highly significantly positively correlated with wading bird species (r=0.708, P=<0.01), and the floodplain area was also significantly positively correlated with wading bird diversity too (r=0.757, P=<0.05).
Water bird diversity monitoring is an important foundation for the scientific protection and management of wetland ecosystems. A fixed line method was used to investigate the species diversity of waterbirds in the Nanchong section of the Jialing River from December 2022 to February 2023. A total of 32 species of waterbirds were recorded, belonging to 7 orders and 10 families, with 10 species of wading birds and 21 species of natatores. Among these species, one species were the first grade national protected animals in China, three species were the provincial protected species. There were 25 species of winter vistor birds, 5 species of resident birds, one species of summer visitor birds, one species of migrant birds. In fauna, 24 species belonged to the Palearctic Realm component, 6 species to the widespread one, 2 species to the Oriental Realm one. The dominant species were Eastern Spot-billed Duck (Anas zonorhyncha) and Gadwall (Mareca strepera), which accounted for 25.69% of the total number of observed waterbirds. Through correlation analysis, the intensity of interference was significantly negatively correlated with the diversity index of wading birds (r=0.614, P<0.05), the floodplain area was highly significantly positively correlated with wading bird species (r=0.708, P=<0.01), and the floodplain area was also significantly positively correlated with wading bird diversity too (r=0.757, P=<0.05).
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310180002
Abstract:
In order to protect Rhododendron polylepis,which is endemic to China, We investigatesd the habitat condition, species composition, life composition, structural characteristics and species diversity of Rh.polylepis.The results showed that Rh.polylepis has a wide distribution range in the altitude area of 1800 m~3200 m on the Gongga mountain, and is a vegetation type with a wide ecological range in the forest.There were 22 families, 35 genera and 47 species of Rhododendrons in the three different elevations. Rh.polylepis is composed of a variety of life-type plants, in which sprouting plants and aboveground sprouting plants are dominant. From the perspective of vertical structure, Rh.polylepis community is distributed in the tree layer, shrub layer, and herbaceous layer,It has obvious stratification phenomenon.Rh.polylepis and bamboo abundant are the dominant species in the shrub layer.The biodiversity of Rh.polylepis community was the highest in the herbaceous layer, and the dominant species in the tree layer in the high altitude area showed a decreasing trend with the decrease of altitude.The species richness index, diversity index, dominance index and evenness index of Rh.polylepis community at different elevations showed the consistency feature: herbaceous layer>shrub layer>tree layer.Bush layer Straight character of tree layer.Species diversity is proportional to species richness, and the higher the species diversity, the better the community stability.
In order to protect Rhododendron polylepis,which is endemic to China, We investigatesd the habitat condition, species composition, life composition, structural characteristics and species diversity of Rh.polylepis.The results showed that Rh.polylepis has a wide distribution range in the altitude area of 1800 m~3200 m on the Gongga mountain, and is a vegetation type with a wide ecological range in the forest.There were 22 families, 35 genera and 47 species of Rhododendrons in the three different elevations. Rh.polylepis is composed of a variety of life-type plants, in which sprouting plants and aboveground sprouting plants are dominant. From the perspective of vertical structure, Rh.polylepis community is distributed in the tree layer, shrub layer, and herbaceous layer,It has obvious stratification phenomenon.Rh.polylepis and bamboo abundant are the dominant species in the shrub layer.The biodiversity of Rh.polylepis community was the highest in the herbaceous layer, and the dominant species in the tree layer in the high altitude area showed a decreasing trend with the decrease of altitude.The species richness index, diversity index, dominance index and evenness index of Rh.polylepis community at different elevations showed the consistency feature: herbaceous layer>shrub layer>tree layer.Bush layer Straight character of tree layer.Species diversity is proportional to species richness, and the higher the species diversity, the better the community stability.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202309280001
Abstract:
The formaldehyde release of different types of artificial boards under different conditions was experimentally measured, and the correction coefficients for the hottest month average temperature and highest month average humidity of the maximum formaldehyde release of artificial boards were verified. The actual detection results showed a deviation of -25.7% to 29.2%, which basically conforms to the mathematical model for temperature and humidity correction coefficient conversion.At the same time, through the analysis of formaldehyde release and usage of typical indoor artificial panels in decoration projects, as well as the actual indoor air formaldehyde content detection, it was verified that the theoretical formaldehyde limit calculation conclusion of artificial panels is basically consistent with the actual detection results.
The formaldehyde release of different types of artificial boards under different conditions was experimentally measured, and the correction coefficients for the hottest month average temperature and highest month average humidity of the maximum formaldehyde release of artificial boards were verified. The actual detection results showed a deviation of -25.7% to 29.2%, which basically conforms to the mathematical model for temperature and humidity correction coefficient conversion.At the same time, through the analysis of formaldehyde release and usage of typical indoor artificial panels in decoration projects, as well as the actual indoor air formaldehyde content detection, it was verified that the theoretical formaldehyde limit calculation conclusion of artificial panels is basically consistent with the actual detection results.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202309270001
Abstract:
Goodyera bomiensis K.Y. Lang and Goodyera nankoensis Fukuyama were reported as two newly recorded species from Sichuan Province, China. The morphological descriptions, detailed photographs and geographical distribution were also provided. The voucher specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of Chengdu Institute of Biology (CDBI). This finding expands the distributional boundaries of Goodyera, and further enriches the diversity of Orchidaceae in Sichuan Province.
Goodyera bomiensis K.Y. Lang and Goodyera nankoensis Fukuyama were reported as two newly recorded species from Sichuan Province, China. The morphological descriptions, detailed photographs and geographical distribution were also provided. The voucher specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of Chengdu Institute of Biology (CDBI). This finding expands the distributional boundaries of Goodyera, and further enriches the diversity of Orchidaceae in Sichuan Province.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310180001
Abstract:
Based on the MaxEnt model, the environmental conditions, including elevation, vegetation and staple diet bamboo, are used to evaluate the suitability of giant panda habitats in the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve. It was found that giant pandas preferred woodland with bamboo distribution at an altitude of 2700~3500m and a slope of about 10°, and the canopy is above 75%. Furthermore, the impact range of geological disasters and distribution of suitable habitats of giant pandas are superimposed to identify the key areas for protection of giant panda habitats, in orde to carry out more targeted protection of giant pandas and their habitats.
Based on the MaxEnt model, the environmental conditions, including elevation, vegetation and staple diet bamboo, are used to evaluate the suitability of giant panda habitats in the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve. It was found that giant pandas preferred woodland with bamboo distribution at an altitude of 2700~3500m and a slope of about 10°, and the canopy is above 75%. Furthermore, the impact range of geological disasters and distribution of suitable habitats of giant pandas are superimposed to identify the key areas for protection of giant panda habitats, in orde to carry out more targeted protection of giant pandas and their habitats.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202309070001
Abstract:
In April 2023, the growth indexes and biomass of different edible bamboo of giant panda were measured and recorded by random sampling under different forest types in the Yingjing area of Giant Panda National Park, and the edible bamboo biomass model of giant panda was established by regression method. The results show that that: Except for the Bashania faberi leaves, the Qiongzhuea multigemmia, Yushania brevipaniculata, Chimonobambusa szechuanensis biomass models of different components, with height and basal diameter as independent variables, were statistically significant, among which the Qiongzhuea multigemmia stem and aboveground biomass models were the best. The results of the study have a certain reference value for the investigation of the bamboo biomass, population restoration and habitat assessment of giant pandas in the Yingjing area of Giant Panda National Park.
In April 2023, the growth indexes and biomass of different edible bamboo of giant panda were measured and recorded by random sampling under different forest types in the Yingjing area of Giant Panda National Park, and the edible bamboo biomass model of giant panda was established by regression method. The results show that that: Except for the Bashania faberi leaves, the Qiongzhuea multigemmia, Yushania brevipaniculata, Chimonobambusa szechuanensis biomass models of different components, with height and basal diameter as independent variables, were statistically significant, among which the Qiongzhuea multigemmia stem and aboveground biomass models were the best. The results of the study have a certain reference value for the investigation of the bamboo biomass, population restoration and habitat assessment of giant pandas in the Yingjing area of Giant Panda National Park.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202401030001
Abstract:
Pheobe zhennan is a unique and valuable timber tree plants in China. In order to reveal the genetic background and relationship among families, and to provide theoretical basis for the utilization of P. zhennan, 14 pairs of polymorphic SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 39 P. zhennan families from 10 provenances in Sichuan province. The results showed that a total of 178 alleles (Na) were detected by 14 SSR primers, and the average effective number of alleles (Ne) was 7.058. Shannon's information index (I) ranged from 1.306 to 1.511, with an average value of 1.368, reflected a relative high level of genetic diversity of the P. zhennan provenances (families). The expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.646 to 0.703 and from 0.920 to 1.000, with an average of 0.676 and 0.550, respectively. The PIC values ranged from 0.306 to 0.939, with an average value of 0.746, showing high polymorphism of the SSR markers. The result of molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) showed that 99% of genetic variation came from within provenances, only 1% came from inter-provenances. The genetic structure was determined by STRUCTURE software, when K=3, the ΔK had the maximum peak value, indicating that it was suitable to be divided into three groups. The cluster analysis based on genetic distance also divided 39 P. zhennan families into three groups. Except for F20, the other three groups were mixed with other nanmu families from Chengdu, Luzhou, Ya 'an and Leshan, and there was no obvious relationship between the division of groups and provenance sites. The results of this study provided a theoretical reference for the exploration of excellent gene resources and the selection of hybrid parents.
Pheobe zhennan is a unique and valuable timber tree plants in China. In order to reveal the genetic background and relationship among families, and to provide theoretical basis for the utilization of P. zhennan, 14 pairs of polymorphic SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 39 P. zhennan families from 10 provenances in Sichuan province. The results showed that a total of 178 alleles (Na) were detected by 14 SSR primers, and the average effective number of alleles (Ne) was 7.058. Shannon's information index (I) ranged from 1.306 to 1.511, with an average value of 1.368, reflected a relative high level of genetic diversity of the P. zhennan provenances (families). The expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.646 to 0.703 and from 0.920 to 1.000, with an average of 0.676 and 0.550, respectively. The PIC values ranged from 0.306 to 0.939, with an average value of 0.746, showing high polymorphism of the SSR markers. The result of molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) showed that 99% of genetic variation came from within provenances, only 1% came from inter-provenances. The genetic structure was determined by STRUCTURE software, when K=3, the ΔK had the maximum peak value, indicating that it was suitable to be divided into three groups. The cluster analysis based on genetic distance also divided 39 P. zhennan families into three groups. Except for F20, the other three groups were mixed with other nanmu families from Chengdu, Luzhou, Ya 'an and Leshan, and there was no obvious relationship between the division of groups and provenance sites. The results of this study provided a theoretical reference for the exploration of excellent gene resources and the selection of hybrid parents.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202311130001
Abstract:
To study the germination characteristics of Acanthochlamys bracteata seeds and explore the appropriate germination strategy, the experiment was set up with different light and temperature conditions, and the seeds were treated with different types and concentrations of growth hormones to analyze the germination rate, germination potential and germination index of different treatment groups. The experimental results showed that temperature and light had the most significant effect on Acanthochlamys bracteata seed germination, with temperature being the determining factor; the germination potential and germination index of Acanthochlamys bracteata seeds were the highest under 25°C and 12 h/12 h light conditions; among the three phytohormones, 10 mg/L of GA3 had the most significant effect on the promotion of Acanthochlamys bracteata seed germination. The best treatment group was treated with 10 mg/L GA3 solution and incubated in 20℃, 12 h/12 h light conditions, and the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index were 93 %, 50 %, and 24.78, respectively.
To study the germination characteristics of Acanthochlamys bracteata seeds and explore the appropriate germination strategy, the experiment was set up with different light and temperature conditions, and the seeds were treated with different types and concentrations of growth hormones to analyze the germination rate, germination potential and germination index of different treatment groups. The experimental results showed that temperature and light had the most significant effect on Acanthochlamys bracteata seed germination, with temperature being the determining factor; the germination potential and germination index of Acanthochlamys bracteata seeds were the highest under 25°C and 12 h/12 h light conditions; among the three phytohormones, 10 mg/L of GA3 had the most significant effect on the promotion of Acanthochlamys bracteata seed germination. The best treatment group was treated with 10 mg/L GA3 solution and incubated in 20℃, 12 h/12 h light conditions, and the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index were 93 %, 50 %, and 24.78, respectively.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310170001
Abstract:
There were significant differences in the seed oil and neuronic acid (NA) contents of Malania oleifera in different habitats. In order to investigate the relationship between soil nutrient elements and microbial types and the seed oil content and NA content of M. oleifera, soil physicochemical properties and microbial compositions of different habitats of M. oleifera in the main distribution areas were tested and analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in soil pH, massive elements, intermediate elements and trace elements among the habitats, and there was a certain correlation with the rate of rock exposure in the habitats, and the pH of the rocky mountains with a high rate of rock exposure was significantly higher than that of the dirt mountains with a low rate of rock exposure; except for the contents of P, S, Cu elements of massive elements, and the contents of NH4+-N, NO3−-N and AP, the contents of all other elements of the rocky mountains habitats were were significantly higher than those of the dirt mountains habitat; the biomass of AMF, SF, and Fungi was significantly higher in the rocky mountains habitat than in the dirt mountains habitat, whereas the content of Si was significantly higher in the dirt mountains habitat than in the rocky mountains habitat; there was a correlation between the physical and chemical properties of the soil and soil microorganisms, and the content of Si in the soil was significantly positively correlated with GP: GN but significantly negatively correlated with pH and the content of the other elements (P < 0.05); the rocky mountains High soil pH, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn elements, and AMF, SF, Fungi contents may be related to the fact that the oil content of M. Oleifera and NA content were higher in the rocky mountains habitat than in the dirt mountains habitat, which led to the difference in the head fruit oil content and NA content between rocky mountains and dirt mountains.
There were significant differences in the seed oil and neuronic acid (NA) contents of Malania oleifera in different habitats. In order to investigate the relationship between soil nutrient elements and microbial types and the seed oil content and NA content of M. oleifera, soil physicochemical properties and microbial compositions of different habitats of M. oleifera in the main distribution areas were tested and analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in soil pH, massive elements, intermediate elements and trace elements among the habitats, and there was a certain correlation with the rate of rock exposure in the habitats, and the pH of the rocky mountains with a high rate of rock exposure was significantly higher than that of the dirt mountains with a low rate of rock exposure; except for the contents of P, S, Cu elements of massive elements, and the contents of NH4+-N, NO3−-N and AP, the contents of all other elements of the rocky mountains habitats were were significantly higher than those of the dirt mountains habitat; the biomass of AMF, SF, and Fungi was significantly higher in the rocky mountains habitat than in the dirt mountains habitat, whereas the content of Si was significantly higher in the dirt mountains habitat than in the rocky mountains habitat; there was a correlation between the physical and chemical properties of the soil and soil microorganisms, and the content of Si in the soil was significantly positively correlated with GP: GN but significantly negatively correlated with pH and the content of the other elements (P < 0.05); the rocky mountains High soil pH, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn elements, and AMF, SF, Fungi contents may be related to the fact that the oil content of M. Oleifera and NA content were higher in the rocky mountains habitat than in the dirt mountains habitat, which led to the difference in the head fruit oil content and NA content between rocky mountains and dirt mountains.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202311140002
Abstract:
In order to clarify the pathogenic bacteria species of leaf blight of Bletilla Striata, the pathogen was isolated and purified, and its species were identified by rDNA-ITS sequence analysis, the purified pathogen was grafted to the plant and evaluated its pathogenicity. The results showed that a total of 6 fungi strains were isolated from the B. striata sample. Among them were three Fusarium strains, included F. keratoplasticum, F. oxysporum and F. equiseti. A strain of Aspergillus japonicus; A strain of Botrytis cinerea; A strain of Mucor fragilis. According to the pathogenicity test, it was found that the above 6 strains of fungi were all pathogenic.
In order to clarify the pathogenic bacteria species of leaf blight of Bletilla Striata, the pathogen was isolated and purified, and its species were identified by rDNA-ITS sequence analysis, the purified pathogen was grafted to the plant and evaluated its pathogenicity. The results showed that a total of 6 fungi strains were isolated from the B. striata sample. Among them were three Fusarium strains, included F. keratoplasticum, F. oxysporum and F. equiseti. A strain of Aspergillus japonicus; A strain of Botrytis cinerea; A strain of Mucor fragilis. According to the pathogenicity test, it was found that the above 6 strains of fungi were all pathogenic.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202311120001
Abstract:
Recently, the impact of urbanization and human disturbance on birds has already attracted widespread attention. As the large green patches,mountain parks have great significance for the protection of urban bird diversity. In order to reveal the bird resources and the impact of urbanization levels in surrounding areas on bird diversity in Xiamen urban mountain parks, we collected bird watching data about two mountainous regions from January to April of 2021 to 2023, and then, we analyzed the bird diversity of two parks. The results showed that: (1) A total of 154 bird species were found in the study areas, belonging to 14 orders and 45 families. Among these, 17 species were listed as Class II national protected animals, while 5 species were considered as Chinese endemic birds. There were 91 widespread species, and the other 64 species were from Oriental region. Residents, winter migrants and passage migrants were represented by105, 40 and 9 species, respectively. (2) Compared to suburban areas, the bird diversity levels in urban areas were lower, and seasonal changes of bird communities were more homogeneous, bird species with strong resistance to human interference were more advantageous as well. Finally, based on the analysis results, we propose corresponding suggestions for bird diversity protection, and we hope to provide ideas and references for the future biodiversity protection and development of urban mountain parks.
Recently, the impact of urbanization and human disturbance on birds has already attracted widespread attention. As the large green patches,mountain parks have great significance for the protection of urban bird diversity. In order to reveal the bird resources and the impact of urbanization levels in surrounding areas on bird diversity in Xiamen urban mountain parks, we collected bird watching data about two mountainous regions from January to April of 2021 to 2023, and then, we analyzed the bird diversity of two parks. The results showed that: (1) A total of 154 bird species were found in the study areas, belonging to 14 orders and 45 families. Among these, 17 species were listed as Class II national protected animals, while 5 species were considered as Chinese endemic birds. There were 91 widespread species, and the other 64 species were from Oriental region. Residents, winter migrants and passage migrants were represented by105, 40 and 9 species, respectively. (2) Compared to suburban areas, the bird diversity levels in urban areas were lower, and seasonal changes of bird communities were more homogeneous, bird species with strong resistance to human interference were more advantageous as well. Finally, based on the analysis results, we propose corresponding suggestions for bird diversity protection, and we hope to provide ideas and references for the future biodiversity protection and development of urban mountain parks.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202309190001
Abstract:
A new record of Orchidaceae from the flora of China, Hemipilia fujisanensis (Sugim.) Ying Tang, H.Peng & T.Yukawa, was reported. The description and colorful figures of this species were provided.
A new record of Orchidaceae from the flora of China, Hemipilia fujisanensis (Sugim.) Ying Tang, H.Peng & T.Yukawa, was reported. The description and colorful figures of this species were provided.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202312270002
Abstract:
Study the understory shrub (Ⅰ: Camellia japonica; Ⅱ: Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum'; Ⅲ: Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum; Ⅳ: Euonymus japonicus 'Aurea-marginatus'; CK: Control) influence on growth and photosynthesis, identify the best shrub to promote the growth of Osmanthus fragrans 'Xionghuang', which provides a scientific basis for solving the problem of slow growth. Results showed that (1) The above four kinds of shrubs planted under Osmanthus fragrans 'Xionghuang' had the promotio-n effect on its growth, with Ⅱ exhibiting significantly higher branch growth than other treatments. The branch growth of Ⅱ i-n the first, second, third, and fourth instances was significantly greater than Ⅰ, Ⅳ, and CK (P<0.01).(2) Pn, Gs and Tr are characterized by Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ>CK, with significant differences between Ⅱ and Ⅰ, Ⅳ, CK (P<0.01) for Pn and Gs, and Ⅱ ha-ving significantly higher Tr than Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ (P<0.05). (3) AQY, Pnmax, LCP, and LSPwere all highest for Ⅱ, followed by Ⅲ, with significant differences from CK (P<0.01). (4) Branch growth increment was positively correlated with Pn, Gs, Tr, AQY, Pnmax, LCP, and LSP, and negatively correlated with Ci and Rd. In conclusion, planting Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' should be the first choice to solve the problem of relatively slow growth rate of Osmanthus fragrans 'Xionghuang' in production. In addition, the leaves of Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' different colors with seasonal changes, which has high ornamental value; Seco-ndly, Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum could be selected for planting.
Study the understory shrub (Ⅰ: Camellia japonica; Ⅱ: Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum'; Ⅲ: Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum; Ⅳ: Euonymus japonicus 'Aurea-marginatus'; CK: Control) influence on growth and photosynthesis, identify the best shrub to promote the growth of Osmanthus fragrans 'Xionghuang', which provides a scientific basis for solving the problem of slow growth. Results showed that (1) The above four kinds of shrubs planted under Osmanthus fragrans 'Xionghuang' had the promotio-n effect on its growth, with Ⅱ exhibiting significantly higher branch growth than other treatments. The branch growth of Ⅱ i-n the first, second, third, and fourth instances was significantly greater than Ⅰ, Ⅳ, and CK (P<0.01).(2) Pn, Gs and Tr are characterized by Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ>CK, with significant differences between Ⅱ and Ⅰ, Ⅳ, CK (P<0.01) for Pn and Gs, and Ⅱ ha-ving significantly higher Tr than Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ (P<0.05). (3) AQY, Pnmax, LCP, and LSPwere all highest for Ⅱ, followed by Ⅲ, with significant differences from CK (P<0.01). (4) Branch growth increment was positively correlated with Pn, Gs, Tr, AQY, Pnmax, LCP, and LSP, and negatively correlated with Ci and Rd. In conclusion, planting Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' should be the first choice to solve the problem of relatively slow growth rate of Osmanthus fragrans 'Xionghuang' in production. In addition, the leaves of Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum' different colors with seasonal changes, which has high ornamental value; Seco-ndly, Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum could be selected for planting.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202308220001
Abstract:
Watershed is an important factor shaping mountain biodiversity. There is strong interaction of matter and energy inside a watershed; Water flow and watershed boundary has a blocking effect on land animals; Human interference caused by towns along water also affect the distribution of organisms. However, there are few studies that discuss biodiversity patterns from a watershed perspective. Thus, this study were did in an area with a long history of human settlement, Erhai Basin. It deployed 120 infrared camera traps from February 2017 to September 2020 to explore the diversity of ground birds and animals in three areas bounded by Xier River - Xiaguan Town, Boluo River - Fengyi Town, and three rivers to the north of Erhai Lake - Eryuan Town, namely Cangshan Mountain, Zhemo Mountain and Jizu Mountain were compared. The cumulative working days in Cangshan Mountain, Zhemo Mountain and Jizu Mountain were 4 004, 5 290 and 2 924 days respectively; There were 947, 2 542 and 675 independent photos separately. A total of 98 species of birds and mammals were identified, including 25 mammals in 17 families of 6 orders and 73 birds in 23 families of 6 orders of birds, including 2 species of national first class protected animals and 17 species of national second class protected animals. In addition to Cangshan Mountain, which is located in a protected area, the non-protected areas of Zhemo Mountain and Jizu Mountain have also found animals of national priority protection. There are no significant differences in bird and mammal species diversity in the three areas. However, all three areas have endemic ground birds and animals, and the analysis of similarities shows that there are significant differences in the composition of birds and animals between the three areas, with the greater differences in the composition of animal species between Jizu Mountain and Zhemo Mountain. Between the sample points have large community differences and high functional diversity in Jizu Mountain than those of the two other areas. We speculate that rivers and towns have already created a barrier for birds and mammals, and the topography and vegetation in different areas might also affect the species differences.
Watershed is an important factor shaping mountain biodiversity. There is strong interaction of matter and energy inside a watershed; Water flow and watershed boundary has a blocking effect on land animals; Human interference caused by towns along water also affect the distribution of organisms. However, there are few studies that discuss biodiversity patterns from a watershed perspective. Thus, this study were did in an area with a long history of human settlement, Erhai Basin. It deployed 120 infrared camera traps from February 2017 to September 2020 to explore the diversity of ground birds and animals in three areas bounded by Xier River - Xiaguan Town, Boluo River - Fengyi Town, and three rivers to the north of Erhai Lake - Eryuan Town, namely Cangshan Mountain, Zhemo Mountain and Jizu Mountain were compared. The cumulative working days in Cangshan Mountain, Zhemo Mountain and Jizu Mountain were 4 004, 5 290 and 2 924 days respectively; There were 947, 2 542 and 675 independent photos separately. A total of 98 species of birds and mammals were identified, including 25 mammals in 17 families of 6 orders and 73 birds in 23 families of 6 orders of birds, including 2 species of national first class protected animals and 17 species of national second class protected animals. In addition to Cangshan Mountain, which is located in a protected area, the non-protected areas of Zhemo Mountain and Jizu Mountain have also found animals of national priority protection. There are no significant differences in bird and mammal species diversity in the three areas. However, all three areas have endemic ground birds and animals, and the analysis of similarities shows that there are significant differences in the composition of birds and animals between the three areas, with the greater differences in the composition of animal species between Jizu Mountain and Zhemo Mountain. Between the sample points have large community differences and high functional diversity in Jizu Mountain than those of the two other areas. We speculate that rivers and towns have already created a barrier for birds and mammals, and the topography and vegetation in different areas might also affect the species differences.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202309250004
Abstract:
Mojiang Hani Autonomous County is the only Hani nationality autonomous county in China. Investigating spatial and temporal changes in ecological environment quality in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County helps provide guidance and coordination for protecting and improving the local ecological environment. It can also consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and promote rural revitalisation. Based on Landsat remote sensing data from 2005 to 2020, this study uses the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) and the Geo-detector model. It aims to investigate the spatial and temporal changes in ecological and environmental quality in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, based on which the impact factors are analysed and studied. The study results show that: 1) the average values of remote sensing ecological index in the study area in 2005, 2011, 2015 and 2020 are 0.5689, 0.5824, 0.5866 and 0.5985, respectively, showing an increasing trend year by year. 2) 56.63% of the area in the study area will have a quality rating of distinction and merit in 2020, but the basin ecological environment management still needs to be further improved. 3) The interaction of multiple factors influences habitat quality changes in the study area. The dryness and heat factors have the most significant explanatory power for the spatial distribution of habitat quality.
Mojiang Hani Autonomous County is the only Hani nationality autonomous county in China. Investigating spatial and temporal changes in ecological environment quality in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County helps provide guidance and coordination for protecting and improving the local ecological environment. It can also consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and promote rural revitalisation. Based on Landsat remote sensing data from 2005 to 2020, this study uses the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) and the Geo-detector model. It aims to investigate the spatial and temporal changes in ecological and environmental quality in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, based on which the impact factors are analysed and studied. The study results show that: 1) the average values of remote sensing ecological index in the study area in 2005, 2011, 2015 and 2020 are 0.5689, 0.5824, 0.5866 and 0.5985, respectively, showing an increasing trend year by year. 2) 56.63% of the area in the study area will have a quality rating of distinction and merit in 2020, but the basin ecological environment management still needs to be further improved. 3) The interaction of multiple factors influences habitat quality changes in the study area. The dryness and heat factors have the most significant explanatory power for the spatial distribution of habitat quality.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202309190002
Abstract:
Based on Pseudotsuga sinensis distribution data,climatic factors(19 biocrimatous factors ,spanning1970-2020) ) and topographic factors (altitude, slope and slope direction) from Sichuan province. The MaxEnt model was used to build a niche model to simulate the potential suitable area of it in Sichuan Province, to explore the dominant environmental factors affecting its distribution, and to simulate the potential distribution area.The results show that; (1) The overall prediction accuracy of the model reached a very accurate level, and the AUC value reached 0.988; (2) The main environmental factor affecting their potential distribution was elevation (DEM), and the habitats of leading factors ranged from 1285 m to 2678.2 m. (3) The high suitable area in Sichuan Province is mainly located in the altitude from 1500 to 2500 m; (4) The potential suitability area of it is 2×104 km2, among which the high suitability area is 0.381×104km2, the middle suitability area is 1.346×104km2 and the low suitability area is 0.273×104km2.Based on the comprehensive results, we found that the overall habitat of the suitable areas was fragmented, and the suitable areas were mainly distributed in some southern areas and some eastern areas of Sichuan Province, and the middle and low suitable areas were distributed around the high suitable areas. The top three suitable areas were Liangshan Prefecture, Dazhou City and Panzhihua City, and the high suitable areas were mainly located in the central counties of Liangshan Prefecture., in Mianning County, Dechang County, Puge County, Huili County and Huidong County, Miyi County of Panzhihua County and the northeast of Dazhou City, there are scattered high suitability areas; Among the driving factors of the potential suitable areas, the influence of altitude factors is greater than that of temperature and precipitation factors, and significantly greater than that of slope and aspect. Most of the suitable areas of altitude are middle-altitude areas, which have relatively broad ecological suitability range and certain drought tolerance characteristics.The results of this study can effectively preliminarily and rapidly understand the distribution status of it in Sichuan Province, and have certain guiding significance for the development of field conservation work.
Based on Pseudotsuga sinensis distribution data,climatic factors(19 biocrimatous factors ,spanning1970-2020) ) and topographic factors (altitude, slope and slope direction) from Sichuan province. The MaxEnt model was used to build a niche model to simulate the potential suitable area of it in Sichuan Province, to explore the dominant environmental factors affecting its distribution, and to simulate the potential distribution area.The results show that; (1) The overall prediction accuracy of the model reached a very accurate level, and the AUC value reached 0.988; (2) The main environmental factor affecting their potential distribution was elevation (DEM), and the habitats of leading factors ranged from 1285 m to 2678.2 m. (3) The high suitable area in Sichuan Province is mainly located in the altitude from 1500 to 2500 m; (4) The potential suitability area of it is 2×104 km2, among which the high suitability area is 0.381×104km2, the middle suitability area is 1.346×104km2 and the low suitability area is 0.273×104km2.Based on the comprehensive results, we found that the overall habitat of the suitable areas was fragmented, and the suitable areas were mainly distributed in some southern areas and some eastern areas of Sichuan Province, and the middle and low suitable areas were distributed around the high suitable areas. The top three suitable areas were Liangshan Prefecture, Dazhou City and Panzhihua City, and the high suitable areas were mainly located in the central counties of Liangshan Prefecture., in Mianning County, Dechang County, Puge County, Huili County and Huidong County, Miyi County of Panzhihua County and the northeast of Dazhou City, there are scattered high suitability areas; Among the driving factors of the potential suitable areas, the influence of altitude factors is greater than that of temperature and precipitation factors, and significantly greater than that of slope and aspect. Most of the suitable areas of altitude are middle-altitude areas, which have relatively broad ecological suitability range and certain drought tolerance characteristics.The results of this study can effectively preliminarily and rapidly understand the distribution status of it in Sichuan Province, and have certain guiding significance for the development of field conservation work.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310070001
Abstract:
The Phellodendron chinense bark and leaf extracts were used as the control agent for Bletilla striata rust disease. The incidence rate, disease index, control effect and disease grade distribution of Bletilla striata rust disease under the treatment of the control agent were counted, and the control effect of Phellodendron chinense extract on Bletilla striata rust disease was discussed, and the prevention and control mechanism of Phellodendron chinense extract on Bletilla striata rust disease was clarified. The results showed that the incidence rate and disease index of Bletilla striata rust disease were the lowest under ZP50 treatment. In June, the disease index was Y50>CK>Y25>P25>ZP25>P50>ZP50; Compared with CK, ZP50 treatment had the best control effect, with a control effect of 93.64% in July. From the distribution of disease levels in June and July, it can be seen that the severity of Bletilla striata rust disease under ZP50 treatment was weak. ZP50 treatment can reduce the incidence rate of Bletilla striata rust, regulate the proportion of disease conditions of grade 1, 7 and 9, control the disease severity of Bletilla striata rust, and reduce the disease index to achieve the control effect of Bletilla striata rust. Overall, the control effect of Phellodendron chinense bark extract was better than that of Phellodendron chinense leaf extract, boiled Phellodendron chinense bark extract had better control effect than uncooked Phellodendron chinense bark extract, high concentration Phellodendron chinense bark extract had better control effect than low concentration Phellodendron chinense bark extract, Phellodendron chinense extract can be used as a green control agent for Bletilla striata rust disease.
The Phellodendron chinense bark and leaf extracts were used as the control agent for Bletilla striata rust disease. The incidence rate, disease index, control effect and disease grade distribution of Bletilla striata rust disease under the treatment of the control agent were counted, and the control effect of Phellodendron chinense extract on Bletilla striata rust disease was discussed, and the prevention and control mechanism of Phellodendron chinense extract on Bletilla striata rust disease was clarified. The results showed that the incidence rate and disease index of Bletilla striata rust disease were the lowest under ZP50 treatment. In June, the disease index was Y50>CK>Y25>P25>ZP25>P50>ZP50; Compared with CK, ZP50 treatment had the best control effect, with a control effect of 93.64% in July. From the distribution of disease levels in June and July, it can be seen that the severity of Bletilla striata rust disease under ZP50 treatment was weak. ZP50 treatment can reduce the incidence rate of Bletilla striata rust, regulate the proportion of disease conditions of grade 1, 7 and 9, control the disease severity of Bletilla striata rust, and reduce the disease index to achieve the control effect of Bletilla striata rust. Overall, the control effect of Phellodendron chinense bark extract was better than that of Phellodendron chinense leaf extract, boiled Phellodendron chinense bark extract had better control effect than uncooked Phellodendron chinense bark extract, high concentration Phellodendron chinense bark extract had better control effect than low concentration Phellodendron chinense bark extract, Phellodendron chinense extract can be used as a green control agent for Bletilla striata rust disease.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202311230001
Abstract:
The genus Pseudopimpla Habermehl, 1917 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) is newly recorded from Sichuan Province based on a new species, Pseudopimpla jiuzhaiensis Li & Sun, sp. nov., collected from Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve, China. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of the new species are provided. A key to the world species of this genus is also provided. Specimens are deposited in Insect Museum, Center for Biological Disaster Prevention and Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China.
The genus Pseudopimpla Habermehl, 1917 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) is newly recorded from Sichuan Province based on a new species, Pseudopimpla jiuzhaiensis Li & Sun, sp. nov., collected from Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve, China. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of the new species are provided. A key to the world species of this genus is also provided. Specimens are deposited in Insect Museum, Center for Biological Disaster Prevention and Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202206150002
Abstract:
Primula effuse and P. pelargoniifolia of family Primulaceae, are reported as two records in Sichuan province. The results provided new data for plant diversity, introduction and cultivation of Primula genus. All the voucher specimens are preserved in CDBI.
Primula effuse and P. pelargoniifolia of family Primulaceae, are reported as two records in Sichuan province. The results provided new data for plant diversity, introduction and cultivation of Primula genus. All the voucher specimens are preserved in CDBI.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202308070003
Abstract:
The dynamic change of species diversity and the assessment of population status are very important for the scientific conservation of species. With important scientific research value and conservation status, the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is a global biodiversity hotspot in the southwestern mountains of China. In order to effectively evaluate the diversity and distribution pattern of large and medium-sized mammals in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, Xinlong County, the most representative county in this region, was selected as the main research area. We systematically collected literatures and data related to infrared cameras published in this region since 2013, and carried out infrared camera surveys from December 2019 to October 2020. The results show that: At present, there are at least 36 species of mammals of 5 orders, 14 families in Xinlong County, including 7 species of cats and 7 species of national level I and 16 species of national Level II key protected wild animals, in addition, two species were assessed as endangered (EN), seven as vulnerable (VU) and six as near threatened (NT) by the IUCN Red List. In the past years, Carnivore and Cetartiodactyla species were abundant, and 7 cats were still recorded at an interval of nearly 3 years. The relative abundance index (RAI) and grid occupancy (GO) of Leopard (Panthera pardus) ranked among the top 10. The relationship between the size of RAI and GO of seven cats is as follows: Leopard > Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) > Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) > Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) > Asiatic Golden Cat (Catopuma temminckii) > Chinese Mountain Cat (Felis bieti) = Pallas's Cat (Felis manul). In this study, it was found that in different habitats and at different altitudes in different seasons, a variety of cats and main prey species were distributed, and the five cats except Chinese Mountain Cat and Pallas's Cat had different degrees of overlap with their main prey and disturbance factors in different seasons. The results of this study reflect that the overall population status of cats in Xinlong County on the eastern Tibetan Plateau is good, food resources are abundant, and the entire ecosystem is in a healthy state. However, it is necessary to further strengthen the scientific control of disturbance factors in the main distribution areas of cats in the future. At the same time, this study also points out the difficulties faced by the protection of rare and endangered wild animals represented by cats in Xinlong County and puts forward the follow-up protection suggestions for reference.
The dynamic change of species diversity and the assessment of population status are very important for the scientific conservation of species. With important scientific research value and conservation status, the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is a global biodiversity hotspot in the southwestern mountains of China. In order to effectively evaluate the diversity and distribution pattern of large and medium-sized mammals in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, Xinlong County, the most representative county in this region, was selected as the main research area. We systematically collected literatures and data related to infrared cameras published in this region since 2013, and carried out infrared camera surveys from December 2019 to October 2020. The results show that: At present, there are at least 36 species of mammals of 5 orders, 14 families in Xinlong County, including 7 species of cats and 7 species of national level I and 16 species of national Level II key protected wild animals, in addition, two species were assessed as endangered (EN), seven as vulnerable (VU) and six as near threatened (NT) by the IUCN Red List. In the past years, Carnivore and Cetartiodactyla species were abundant, and 7 cats were still recorded at an interval of nearly 3 years. The relative abundance index (RAI) and grid occupancy (GO) of Leopard (Panthera pardus) ranked among the top 10. The relationship between the size of RAI and GO of seven cats is as follows: Leopard > Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) > Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) > Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) > Asiatic Golden Cat (Catopuma temminckii) > Chinese Mountain Cat (Felis bieti) = Pallas's Cat (Felis manul). In this study, it was found that in different habitats and at different altitudes in different seasons, a variety of cats and main prey species were distributed, and the five cats except Chinese Mountain Cat and Pallas's Cat had different degrees of overlap with their main prey and disturbance factors in different seasons. The results of this study reflect that the overall population status of cats in Xinlong County on the eastern Tibetan Plateau is good, food resources are abundant, and the entire ecosystem is in a healthy state. However, it is necessary to further strengthen the scientific control of disturbance factors in the main distribution areas of cats in the future. At the same time, this study also points out the difficulties faced by the protection of rare and endangered wild animals represented by cats in Xinlong County and puts forward the follow-up protection suggestions for reference.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202308030001
Abstract:
The effects of different concentrations of calcium chloride (5, 10, 15 mmol·L−1) on the physiological characteristics of Prunus triloba seedlings under salt stress were studied with P. triloba Lindl. current year seedlings as experimental materials under the condition of watering with 0.4% concentration of sodium chloride. The results showed that: the SOD and POD activities in P. triloba seedlings were increased under salt stress, and the activities of this two protective enzymes were significantly increased in10 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride treatment under salt stress, and the 15 mmol·L−1 and 10 mmol·L−1 treatments were no significant difference ; the chlorophyll content of P. triloba seedlings was reduced under salt stress, and the chlorophyll content of P. triloba seedlings were no significantly affect in 5 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride treatment under salt stress, but the chlorophyll content was significantly increased in 10 mmol·L−1 treatment; the net photosynthetic rate of P. triloba seedlings of 10mmol·L−1 and 15 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride was significantly higher than no calcium chloride treatment under salt stress, and it was no significant impact on the net photosynthetic rate of P. triloba seedlings of 5 mmol·L−1 treatment under salt stress; the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase in P. triloba seedlings leaves were increased under salt stress, but the activities of this two enzymes in P. triloba seedlings were significantly reduced in 10 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride treatment under salt stress. Comprehensive analysis showed that 10 mmol·L−1 is the appropriate concentration of calcium chloride to alleviate salt stress in P. triloba seedlings.
The effects of different concentrations of calcium chloride (5, 10, 15 mmol·L−1) on the physiological characteristics of Prunus triloba seedlings under salt stress were studied with P. triloba Lindl. current year seedlings as experimental materials under the condition of watering with 0.4% concentration of sodium chloride. The results showed that: the SOD and POD activities in P. triloba seedlings were increased under salt stress, and the activities of this two protective enzymes were significantly increased in10 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride treatment under salt stress, and the 15 mmol·L−1 and 10 mmol·L−1 treatments were no significant difference ; the chlorophyll content of P. triloba seedlings was reduced under salt stress, and the chlorophyll content of P. triloba seedlings were no significantly affect in 5 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride treatment under salt stress, but the chlorophyll content was significantly increased in 10 mmol·L−1 treatment; the net photosynthetic rate of P. triloba seedlings of 10mmol·L−1 and 15 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride was significantly higher than no calcium chloride treatment under salt stress, and it was no significant impact on the net photosynthetic rate of P. triloba seedlings of 5 mmol·L−1 treatment under salt stress; the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase in P. triloba seedlings leaves were increased under salt stress, but the activities of this two enzymes in P. triloba seedlings were significantly reduced in 10 mmol·L−1 calcium chloride treatment under salt stress. Comprehensive analysis showed that 10 mmol·L−1 is the appropriate concentration of calcium chloride to alleviate salt stress in P. triloba seedlings.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202306120001
Abstract:
Global warming has become a major issue for many of Earth’s ecosystems. The spatial distribution of insects will change, creating difficulties for pest control operations. Here, to identify the suitable distribution of Monochamus alternatus in China and its response to climate change, current and future (the 2050s and 2070s) geographical distribution patterns were simulated in a MaxEnt model, including critical environmental variables, three climate scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), and 1051 distribution records. We found that Model predictions are determined to be high precise (AUC > 0.95). Under current conditions, the scope of suitable distribution in China is 20–41°N, 90–125°E, distributed continuously from west to east and concentrated in the southeast. Under future scenarios, the moderately suitable area is predicted to decrease, while the poorly and highly suitable areas will increase, spreading to the high latitude and altitude areas. The mean center of the suitable area is predicted to move northwest or northeast under different scenarios, with displacement peaking under the highest levels of greenhouse gas emissions (RCP8.5). Our results provide a theoretical basis for drawing up an integrated pest management, which will help to zone effectively and mitigate the challenge of global climate changing.
Global warming has become a major issue for many of Earth’s ecosystems. The spatial distribution of insects will change, creating difficulties for pest control operations. Here, to identify the suitable distribution of Monochamus alternatus in China and its response to climate change, current and future (the 2050s and 2070s) geographical distribution patterns were simulated in a MaxEnt model, including critical environmental variables, three climate scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), and 1051 distribution records. We found that Model predictions are determined to be high precise (AUC > 0.95). Under current conditions, the scope of suitable distribution in China is 20–41°N, 90–125°E, distributed continuously from west to east and concentrated in the southeast. Under future scenarios, the moderately suitable area is predicted to decrease, while the poorly and highly suitable areas will increase, spreading to the high latitude and altitude areas. The mean center of the suitable area is predicted to move northwest or northeast under different scenarios, with displacement peaking under the highest levels of greenhouse gas emissions (RCP8.5). Our results provide a theoretical basis for drawing up an integrated pest management, which will help to zone effectively and mitigate the challenge of global climate changing.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310100001
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Artificial forests is an important part of the forest ecosystem in northwest Sichuan. In order to understand the forest quality status of the two typical plantation forests with spruce (Picea asperata) and radiata pine (Pinus radiata) as the dominant species, the forest quality assessment was carried out by using factor analysis and cluster analysis. The research results showed that: (1) four principal components of timber factor, understory shrub, understory herb and stand canopy coverage were extracted by factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the four principal components was 76.877%, which could comprehensively reflect the forest quality status; (2) The weight values of the four criterion layers were shown as timber factor> understory shrub> stand canopy coverage> understory herb, indicating that timber factor had the greatest influence on the forest quality evaluation index system. (3) According to the comprehensive score of forest quality evaluation, the proportion of land in each grade was 10% excellent, 40% good, 10% medium and 40% poor, respectively. (4) There is a significant differentiation in the quality of planted forest resources in the northwest of Sichuan, with spruce plantations being mainly of "good" quality and radiant pine plantations being mainly of "poor" quality. The results of this study are helpful to grasp the forest quality status of plantations in northwest Sichuan, thus laying the foundation for precise improvement of forest quality in the future.
Artificial forests is an important part of the forest ecosystem in northwest Sichuan. In order to understand the forest quality status of the two typical plantation forests with spruce (Picea asperata) and radiata pine (Pinus radiata) as the dominant species, the forest quality assessment was carried out by using factor analysis and cluster analysis. The research results showed that: (1) four principal components of timber factor, understory shrub, understory herb and stand canopy coverage were extracted by factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the four principal components was 76.877%, which could comprehensively reflect the forest quality status; (2) The weight values of the four criterion layers were shown as timber factor> understory shrub> stand canopy coverage> understory herb, indicating that timber factor had the greatest influence on the forest quality evaluation index system. (3) According to the comprehensive score of forest quality evaluation, the proportion of land in each grade was 10% excellent, 40% good, 10% medium and 40% poor, respectively. (4) There is a significant differentiation in the quality of planted forest resources in the northwest of Sichuan, with spruce plantations being mainly of "good" quality and radiant pine plantations being mainly of "poor" quality. The results of this study are helpful to grasp the forest quality status of plantations in northwest Sichuan, thus laying the foundation for precise improvement of forest quality in the future.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202307190002
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A lot of climate and environment information is recorded in tree rings. How to better dig out other environmental information contained in tree rings from multiple scales is one of the important scientific problems that need to be solved. Tree ring is formed by the regular growth and change of tree cambium cells. Under harsh environmental conditions or when the environment changes, it will affect the normal activities of cambium, leaving some special traces in the tree ring structure, such as frost ring, false ring, shallow ring and missing ring and other abnormal structures. The formation of abnormal structures is closely related to climate factors such as temperature, precipitation and light. In addition, the production of reaction wood and resin channels is mainly affected by mechanical external forces. By exploring the relationship between anomalous wheel and environmental factors, it is helpful to understand the influence of extreme events on tree cambium activities. This paper summarizes the formation of tree rings and the mechanism of abnormal rings. Based on the relevant reports of abnormal rings, this paper summarizes the regions of different types of abnormal structures, the characteristics of tree species involved, seasonal conditions, etc, formation mechanism and application in extreme events of tree rings are reviewed, which will help to understand the impact of extreme events on forests and the response mechanism of trees to extreme events from the physiological perspective.In order to provide a new strategy for future research.
A lot of climate and environment information is recorded in tree rings. How to better dig out other environmental information contained in tree rings from multiple scales is one of the important scientific problems that need to be solved. Tree ring is formed by the regular growth and change of tree cambium cells. Under harsh environmental conditions or when the environment changes, it will affect the normal activities of cambium, leaving some special traces in the tree ring structure, such as frost ring, false ring, shallow ring and missing ring and other abnormal structures. The formation of abnormal structures is closely related to climate factors such as temperature, precipitation and light. In addition, the production of reaction wood and resin channels is mainly affected by mechanical external forces. By exploring the relationship between anomalous wheel and environmental factors, it is helpful to understand the influence of extreme events on tree cambium activities. This paper summarizes the formation of tree rings and the mechanism of abnormal rings. Based on the relevant reports of abnormal rings, this paper summarizes the regions of different types of abnormal structures, the characteristics of tree species involved, seasonal conditions, etc, formation mechanism and application in extreme events of tree rings are reviewed, which will help to understand the impact of extreme events on forests and the response mechanism of trees to extreme events from the physiological perspective.In order to provide a new strategy for future research.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310220001
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Based on the climate characteristics of subtropical regions, five high temperature gradients (36℃, 38℃, 40℃, 42℃, 44℃) were set up to shock Zoysia tenuifolia seedlings for 30 days (2 h/d). The effects of the shocks on growth and physiological response of Z. tenuifolia seedlings were studied by measuring plant height, tiller number, leaf area, biomass, chlorophyll and physiological active substance content. The results showed that: 1) High temperature shock significantly affected morphological indicators, with plant height, leaf number, and total leaf area decreased at ≥38℃, but tiller number decreased at ≥40℃. The impact on morphological indicators was as follows: total leaf area>tiller number>plant height>leaf number>leaf thickness. 2) High temperature shock significantly affected biomass accumulation and distribution, when ≥40℃ total biomass and root to shoot ratio decreased, with biomass preferentially distributed to the aboveground portion. 3) High temperature shock significantly affected chlorophyll content, with a decrease in chlorophyll a content at ≥ 38℃ and a decrease in chlorophyll b at ≥40℃,but chlorophyll a/b was less affected. 4) High temperature shock significantly affected physiological substances. The higher the temperature was, the greater the activity of SOD and POD was, as well as the content of MDA and Pro. The magnitude of the impact was MDA>POD>SOD>Pro>CAT. The response of resistant substance content to different high temperatures varies greatly. In summary, high temperature shock affected the growth, meristem, and photosynthetic capacity of Z. tenuifolia. By regulating resistant substances to resist high temperature damage, it can withstand 44℃ high temperature shock and safely survive the summer.
Based on the climate characteristics of subtropical regions, five high temperature gradients (36℃, 38℃, 40℃, 42℃, 44℃) were set up to shock Zoysia tenuifolia seedlings for 30 days (2 h/d). The effects of the shocks on growth and physiological response of Z. tenuifolia seedlings were studied by measuring plant height, tiller number, leaf area, biomass, chlorophyll and physiological active substance content. The results showed that: 1) High temperature shock significantly affected morphological indicators, with plant height, leaf number, and total leaf area decreased at ≥38℃, but tiller number decreased at ≥40℃. The impact on morphological indicators was as follows: total leaf area>tiller number>plant height>leaf number>leaf thickness. 2) High temperature shock significantly affected biomass accumulation and distribution, when ≥40℃ total biomass and root to shoot ratio decreased, with biomass preferentially distributed to the aboveground portion. 3) High temperature shock significantly affected chlorophyll content, with a decrease in chlorophyll a content at ≥ 38℃ and a decrease in chlorophyll b at ≥40℃,but chlorophyll a/b was less affected. 4) High temperature shock significantly affected physiological substances. The higher the temperature was, the greater the activity of SOD and POD was, as well as the content of MDA and Pro. The magnitude of the impact was MDA>POD>SOD>Pro>CAT. The response of resistant substance content to different high temperatures varies greatly. In summary, high temperature shock affected the growth, meristem, and photosynthetic capacity of Z. tenuifolia. By regulating resistant substances to resist high temperature damage, it can withstand 44℃ high temperature shock and safely survive the summer.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202306260002
Abstract:
Leaves are the main place of photosynthesis. The energy fixed by photosynthesis is used for respiration consumption and assimilation, and the biomass in leaves is allocated while material production is carried out. This allocation is not a proportional change in biomass between petioles and leaves, but an allometric growth relationship between petioles and leaves due to the influence of their own and external factors, that is, the balance between petioles and leaves. At present, there is no review on the response of intra-leaf biomass allocation strategies to life forms and leaf traits. This paper mainly discusses the response mechanism of intra-leaf biomass allocation to different life forms, leaf types, leaf size, leaf shape and leaf water content. Several aspects that need to be further studied in the future are proposed: (1) Exploring the relationship between all or part of the support components and leaf biomass allocation, revealing how the support structure of different proportions affects the leaf biomass allocation strategy, and what kind of 'role' each support structure plays in leaf biomass allocation; (2) Exploring the relationship between phyllotaxis and biomass allocation, revealing how the biomass in the leaves is allocated during the carbon gain process of photosynthetic components under different arrangement modes, and how the leaf water and nutrient transport process under different arrangement modes affects the biomass allocation in the leaves. (3) Exploring the relationship between petiole and other supporting structures and leaf traits; (4) Explore the range of leaf economic spectrum (LES) and reveal whether LES includes the relationship between leaves and petioles.
Leaves are the main place of photosynthesis. The energy fixed by photosynthesis is used for respiration consumption and assimilation, and the biomass in leaves is allocated while material production is carried out. This allocation is not a proportional change in biomass between petioles and leaves, but an allometric growth relationship between petioles and leaves due to the influence of their own and external factors, that is, the balance between petioles and leaves. At present, there is no review on the response of intra-leaf biomass allocation strategies to life forms and leaf traits. This paper mainly discusses the response mechanism of intra-leaf biomass allocation to different life forms, leaf types, leaf size, leaf shape and leaf water content. Several aspects that need to be further studied in the future are proposed: (1) Exploring the relationship between all or part of the support components and leaf biomass allocation, revealing how the support structure of different proportions affects the leaf biomass allocation strategy, and what kind of 'role' each support structure plays in leaf biomass allocation; (2) Exploring the relationship between phyllotaxis and biomass allocation, revealing how the biomass in the leaves is allocated during the carbon gain process of photosynthetic components under different arrangement modes, and how the leaf water and nutrient transport process under different arrangement modes affects the biomass allocation in the leaves. (3) Exploring the relationship between petiole and other supporting structures and leaf traits; (4) Explore the range of leaf economic spectrum (LES) and reveal whether LES includes the relationship between leaves and petioles.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202307280001
Abstract:
The Science Education Base of Giant Panda National Park is an important place for the construction of ecological civilization, and the evaluation of recreational suitability is a prerequisite for the effective utilization of Science Education Base resources. This article takes three scientific and educational bases of the Giant Panda Conservation Research Center as the objects, based on the perception data of recreational network image analysis, and uses the grey statistical method combined with the analytic hierarchy process to construct a recreational suitability evaluation system. Through empirical evaluation, the final scores are obtained as follows: Ya'an Bifengxia Base > Dujiangyan Qingcheng Mountain Base > Wolong Shenshuping Base, which also proves that the physical environment of the scientific and educational bases is very important for their recreational suitability. Improvement and optimization strategies are proposed to provide technical reference for the construction of ecological civilization in scientific and educational Science Education Base.
The Science Education Base of Giant Panda National Park is an important place for the construction of ecological civilization, and the evaluation of recreational suitability is a prerequisite for the effective utilization of Science Education Base resources. This article takes three scientific and educational bases of the Giant Panda Conservation Research Center as the objects, based on the perception data of recreational network image analysis, and uses the grey statistical method combined with the analytic hierarchy process to construct a recreational suitability evaluation system. Through empirical evaluation, the final scores are obtained as follows: Ya'an Bifengxia Base > Dujiangyan Qingcheng Mountain Base > Wolong Shenshuping Base, which also proves that the physical environment of the scientific and educational bases is very important for their recreational suitability. Improvement and optimization strategies are proposed to provide technical reference for the construction of ecological civilization in scientific and educational Science Education Base.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202310250001
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Exploring the fine root morphological characteristics and nutrient distribution patterns of Oleae europaea is of great significance for its introduction, cultivation, and production. The study investigated the morphological parameters such as fine root diameter, specific surface area, specific root length, and tissue density of five Oleae europaea varieties in the Panxi region, as well as the chemical stoichiometric characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), to explore the differences in fine root morphology and nutrient content among different olive varieties in fine root order levels and their correlation with soil physicochemical properties. The research results indicate that: (1) With the increase of root order level, the diameter of fine roots and tissue density show a significant increasing trend, while the specific surface area and specific root length show a significant decreasing trend; (2) The content of fine root C, C: N, and C: P gradually increases with the increase of root order, while the content of fine root N and P basically decreases with the increase of root order. Except for white olives, the overall trend of fine root N: P increases with the increase of root order level; (3) There was no significant correlation between fine root C content and soil physicochemical characteristics indicators; There is a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between the fine root N content and soil C and P content, and a highly significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with soil C: N; There is a highly significant positive correlation (p<0.01) between the fine root P content and soil C, P content, and C: N, while there is a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) between the fine root P content and soil N: P; There was a significant negative correlation between fine root C: N and soil C: N (p<0.05), while there was no significant correlation between fine root N: P, C: P and soil physicochemical characteristics.
Exploring the fine root morphological characteristics and nutrient distribution patterns of Oleae europaea is of great significance for its introduction, cultivation, and production. The study investigated the morphological parameters such as fine root diameter, specific surface area, specific root length, and tissue density of five Oleae europaea varieties in the Panxi region, as well as the chemical stoichiometric characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), to explore the differences in fine root morphology and nutrient content among different olive varieties in fine root order levels and their correlation with soil physicochemical properties. The research results indicate that: (1) With the increase of root order level, the diameter of fine roots and tissue density show a significant increasing trend, while the specific surface area and specific root length show a significant decreasing trend; (2) The content of fine root C, C: N, and C: P gradually increases with the increase of root order, while the content of fine root N and P basically decreases with the increase of root order. Except for white olives, the overall trend of fine root N: P increases with the increase of root order level; (3) There was no significant correlation between fine root C content and soil physicochemical characteristics indicators; There is a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between the fine root N content and soil C and P content, and a highly significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with soil C: N; There is a highly significant positive correlation (p<0.01) between the fine root P content and soil C, P content, and C: N, while there is a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) between the fine root P content and soil N: P; There was a significant negative correlation between fine root C: N and soil C: N (p<0.05), while there was no significant correlation between fine root N: P, C: P and soil physicochemical characteristics.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202308160001
Abstract:
Zanthoxylum armatum has the value of medicinal and edible, very industrial value. This paper reveals the reasons why the Z. armatum industry has developed from scratch in the past 20 years, reflects the current research hotspot of Z. armatum industry, and predicts the future development trend of the Z. armatum industry. Bibliometrics has been used in many fields to analyze research hotspots and forecast. We collected 1042 Chinese literatures on "Green and Chinese prickly ash" published in CNKI database from 1990 to 2021, used CiteSpace software for visual analysis of the academic journals, and presented the results through various charts Through the research, we had got the following results: (1) The research on Z. armatum originated 30 years ago. Before 2003, there were few studies on Z. armatum, with no more than 5 papers published. From 2003 to 2007, there was an explosive increase in the research of Z. armatum, and the number of articles published reached a small peak of 81 in 2007. From 2015 to 2019, studies on Z. armatum showed a trend of slight decline and then an increase, reaching a peak of 115 in 2019, and the number of published papers maintained at more than 70 thereafter. The overall trend of Z. armatum was rising. (2) The research level of Z. armatum was mainly applied research, and the basic research was relatively weak. The research level of Z. armatum in the middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain is higher than other fields. (3) Hot research field of Z. armatum for food, the future development trend of food processing innovation ability, focus on the diversity of Z. armatum development. The Z. armatum industry as a new industry, development prospects are huge, food processing innovation will become the key to the development of the industry. The development of Z. armatum industry focuses on the development of edible value, but the medicinal value is not widespread. We through the literature measurement method, from the point of view of the paper revealed the reasons for the development of Z. armatum industry, will be able to provide research reference direction for scientific research workers, but also to provide decision-makers Z. armatum industry planning basis, more growers to provide relevant market information.
Zanthoxylum armatum has the value of medicinal and edible, very industrial value. This paper reveals the reasons why the Z. armatum industry has developed from scratch in the past 20 years, reflects the current research hotspot of Z. armatum industry, and predicts the future development trend of the Z. armatum industry. Bibliometrics has been used in many fields to analyze research hotspots and forecast. We collected 1042 Chinese literatures on "Green and Chinese prickly ash" published in CNKI database from 1990 to 2021, used CiteSpace software for visual analysis of the academic journals, and presented the results through various charts Through the research, we had got the following results: (1) The research on Z. armatum originated 30 years ago. Before 2003, there were few studies on Z. armatum, with no more than 5 papers published. From 2003 to 2007, there was an explosive increase in the research of Z. armatum, and the number of articles published reached a small peak of 81 in 2007. From 2015 to 2019, studies on Z. armatum showed a trend of slight decline and then an increase, reaching a peak of 115 in 2019, and the number of published papers maintained at more than 70 thereafter. The overall trend of Z. armatum was rising. (2) The research level of Z. armatum was mainly applied research, and the basic research was relatively weak. The research level of Z. armatum in the middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain is higher than other fields. (3) Hot research field of Z. armatum for food, the future development trend of food processing innovation ability, focus on the diversity of Z. armatum development. The Z. armatum industry as a new industry, development prospects are huge, food processing innovation will become the key to the development of the industry. The development of Z. armatum industry focuses on the development of edible value, but the medicinal value is not widespread. We through the literature measurement method, from the point of view of the paper revealed the reasons for the development of Z. armatum industry, will be able to provide research reference direction for scientific research workers, but also to provide decision-makers Z. armatum industry planning basis, more growers to provide relevant market information.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202304060003
Abstract:
China has a vast territory, spanning 6 climate zones and covering 8 main vegetation types, with extremely rich plant diversity and germplasm resources. The launch of the construction of the National Botanical Gardens in Beijing and Guangzhou marks the substantive advancement stage of China's national botanical garden construction. However, the development of modern botanical gardens in China started relatively late and there is still a significant gap compared to foreign botanical gardens. Based on the analysis of the current situation of botanical gardens in China, this article proposes that botanical gardens should be divided into three levels: "national regional city" according to the existing classification standards as soon as possible. On the basis of clarifying the positioning and characteristics of botanical gardens at all levels, reasonable additions or expansions should be made in the form of "main garden+satellite garden", so that the functions of the three levels of botanical gardens have their own focus. At the same time, the government should play a good role in market supervision and regulation, improve relevant norms and standards, flexibly introduce social capital , and use the "PPP" model to promote the formation of a closed loop for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in botanical gardens, jointly forming a botanical garden system with Chinese characteristics and multiple social values centered around the National Botanical Garden.
China has a vast territory, spanning 6 climate zones and covering 8 main vegetation types, with extremely rich plant diversity and germplasm resources. The launch of the construction of the National Botanical Gardens in Beijing and Guangzhou marks the substantive advancement stage of China's national botanical garden construction. However, the development of modern botanical gardens in China started relatively late and there is still a significant gap compared to foreign botanical gardens. Based on the analysis of the current situation of botanical gardens in China, this article proposes that botanical gardens should be divided into three levels: "national regional city" according to the existing classification standards as soon as possible. On the basis of clarifying the positioning and characteristics of botanical gardens at all levels, reasonable additions or expansions should be made in the form of "main garden+satellite garden", so that the functions of the three levels of botanical gardens have their own focus. At the same time, the government should play a good role in market supervision and regulation, improve relevant norms and standards, flexibly introduce social capital , and use the "PPP" model to promote the formation of a closed loop for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in botanical gardens, jointly forming a botanical garden system with Chinese characteristics and multiple social values centered around the National Botanical Garden.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202308280001
Abstract:
Goodyera recurva lindl. was reported as a new record of Orchidaceae from Sichuan province, China. The morphological descriptions, detailed photographs, and its geographical distribution were also provided. The voucher specimens are desposited in the Herbarium of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIB).This finding further enrich the data of orchid diversity of Sichuan province.
Goodyera recurva lindl. was reported as a new record of Orchidaceae from Sichuan province, China. The morphological descriptions, detailed photographs, and its geographical distribution were also provided. The voucher specimens are desposited in the Herbarium of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIB).This finding further enrich the data of orchid diversity of Sichuan province.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202209210002
Abstract:
Cross breeding is the main method of walnut breeding at present. In order to quickly and effectively identify the authenticity of cross offspring and accelerate the process of cross breeding, the method of microsatellite labeling was used to assist walnut paternity identification. In this study, 12 microsatellite loci with relatively high polymorphism and stable amplification were selected from 60 published microsatellite markers of Walnut. The paternity of 159 individuals from 5 hybrid combinations was identified by genotype elimination and maximum likelihood method. The correct parents of 121 progeny were identified by genotype elimination, the identification rate was high, and the total identification rate was 76.10%. The maximum likelihood parental analysis showed that 12 offspring with unknown parents reached the confidence interval predicted the correct parents, and the total identification rate was 7.55%. There were 19 progeny whose parents were correct when the confidence interval was reached, and the overall identification rate was 11.95%. The overall identification rate was low.
Cross breeding is the main method of walnut breeding at present. In order to quickly and effectively identify the authenticity of cross offspring and accelerate the process of cross breeding, the method of microsatellite labeling was used to assist walnut paternity identification. In this study, 12 microsatellite loci with relatively high polymorphism and stable amplification were selected from 60 published microsatellite markers of Walnut. The paternity of 159 individuals from 5 hybrid combinations was identified by genotype elimination and maximum likelihood method. The correct parents of 121 progeny were identified by genotype elimination, the identification rate was high, and the total identification rate was 76.10%. The maximum likelihood parental analysis showed that 12 offspring with unknown parents reached the confidence interval predicted the correct parents, and the total identification rate was 7.55%. There were 19 progeny whose parents were correct when the confidence interval was reached, and the overall identification rate was 11.95%. The overall identification rate was low.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202307110001
Abstract:
As the pioneer species in primary succession, bryophytes play an important role in water conservation, soil fixation and biodiversity maintenance due to their unique physiological structure and dehydration recovery ability. In this study, three bryophytes including Racomitrium japonicum, Hypnum plumaeforme and Plagiomnium ellipticum in different habitat types (grassland, shrub, arbor and bare rock) were selected as the research objects. By field investigation and laboratory analysis, we evaluated the ecological effects of dissolution activity, soil and water holding capacities of three typical bryophytes crusts on the post-earthquake restoration in the Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve. The results showed that R. japonicum obtained the highest the carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity (50.5 U g−1 DW), the maximum dissolution rate (4.8×10−4 t km−2 a−1 CO2) and carbon sink content (2.12 mg m−2 a−1). The soil fixation capacity of bryophytes in different habitats had obviously different. We observed that soil consolidation capacity of the H. plumaeforme was the highest (3.1×103 kg hm−2), and its maximum soil consolidation rate was more than 2 times of its own dry weight. In addition, the water retention capacity of P. ellipticum was higher than that of R. japonicum and H. plumaeforme. The water holding capacity of P. ellipticum was between 1100-1400 kg hm−2, and the water retention rate was more than 8 times of its own dry weight. In conclusion, it is suggested to select specific bryophytes in the process of ecological restoration by using moss crusts according to different stages and different habitat conditions from the perspective of ecological restoration such as soil formation, soil consolidation and water conservation, so as to accelerate the ecological restoration and reconstruction after the earthquake in Jiuzhaigou.
As the pioneer species in primary succession, bryophytes play an important role in water conservation, soil fixation and biodiversity maintenance due to their unique physiological structure and dehydration recovery ability. In this study, three bryophytes including Racomitrium japonicum, Hypnum plumaeforme and Plagiomnium ellipticum in different habitat types (grassland, shrub, arbor and bare rock) were selected as the research objects. By field investigation and laboratory analysis, we evaluated the ecological effects of dissolution activity, soil and water holding capacities of three typical bryophytes crusts on the post-earthquake restoration in the Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve. The results showed that R. japonicum obtained the highest the carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity (50.5 U g−1 DW), the maximum dissolution rate (4.8×10−4 t km−2 a−1 CO2) and carbon sink content (2.12 mg m−2 a−1). The soil fixation capacity of bryophytes in different habitats had obviously different. We observed that soil consolidation capacity of the H. plumaeforme was the highest (3.1×103 kg hm−2), and its maximum soil consolidation rate was more than 2 times of its own dry weight. In addition, the water retention capacity of P. ellipticum was higher than that of R. japonicum and H. plumaeforme. The water holding capacity of P. ellipticum was between 1100-1400 kg hm−2, and the water retention rate was more than 8 times of its own dry weight. In conclusion, it is suggested to select specific bryophytes in the process of ecological restoration by using moss crusts according to different stages and different habitat conditions from the perspective of ecological restoration such as soil formation, soil consolidation and water conservation, so as to accelerate the ecological restoration and reconstruction after the earthquake in Jiuzhaigou.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202301130001
Abstract:
The effects of different GA3 Concentration, GA3 soaking time, temperature and light treatment on the seed germination of Meconopsis integrifolia and Meconopsis racemosa were compared to find the most beneficial method for the seed germination of these two kinds of Artemisia annua.The results showed that 100 mg / L GA3 treatment could promote the seed germination of Artemisia annua.Artemisia racemosa treated with 300mg / L GA3 was the best, followed by 200mg / L GA3.12h treatment and 18h treatment were the best two treatments for seed germination of Artemisia annua with different GA3 treatment time.The seeds of Artemisia annua GA3 were better than the control. 25 ℃ treatment and 25 ℃ / 15 ℃ treatment could promote the seed germination of Artemisia annua, and 25 ℃ treatment could promote the seed germination of Artemisia annua.12h light / 12h dark alternation treatment could promote the germination of Artemisia annua seeds, and 12h light / 12h dark alternation treatment could promote the germination of Artemisia annua seeds
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202112160003
Abstract:
By sorting out and identifying some Histerid beetles specimens collected in Henan province, Onthophilus niponensis Lewis, 1907, a new record species was found in China for the first time. Its characteristics were described and detailed pictures were provided, and the specimens were deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University.
By sorting out and identifying some Histerid beetles specimens collected in Henan province, Onthophilus niponensis Lewis, 1907, a new record species was found in China for the first time. Its characteristics were described and detailed pictures were provided, and the specimens were deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202309250002
Abstract:
The species of the genus Cassytha are restricted in the Australia, a few species are found in Africa. However, Cassytha filiformis L. is a particular species of the genus Cassytha that has a widespread distribution across the globe. This study is centered around simulating the potential habitats the species of the genus Cassytha that is both widespread and narrowly parasitic. It aims to analyze the environmental variations that contribute to the formation of these habitats, as well as examine the distribution pattern of the genus Cassytha diversity and the underlying causes. The ultimate goal is to gather fundamental information that can be used for the conservation of forest diversity and ecological stability in the forests where these vines are found. We found that the MaxEnt model, based on environmental variables, had a high accuracy in predicting the potential distribution areas of the genus Cassytha. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC value) was greater than 0.9 for both the training and test sets, indicating a good confidence in the predictions. By evaluating the contribution rate of environmental variables and using the Jackknife method, we determined that precipitation, temperature, and soil were the main factors limiting the distribution of the genus Cassytha species. The distribution of most endemic species were greatly affected by soil conditions, while the distribution of C. filiformis was not significantly limited by soil factors. Overall, the environmental factors influencing the geographic distribution of the genus Cassytha species had suitable thresholds and narrow ranges, except for C. filiformis, which had the largest range of thresholds. It is currently tentatively hypothesized that the wide distribution of C. filiformis and the narrow distribution of the other species can be attributed to four reasons. Firstly, C. filiformis has a wide distribution possesses a high level of adaptability to different environments and can tolerate a wide range of dominant factors that influence its distribution. Secondly, the distribution of this species is not limited by soil factors. Thirdly, the seeds of the C. filiformis are capable of dispersing over long distances. Lastly, this species has the ability to utilize a wide variety of hosts for its survival and reproduction.
The species of the genus Cassytha are restricted in the Australia, a few species are found in Africa. However, Cassytha filiformis L. is a particular species of the genus Cassytha that has a widespread distribution across the globe. This study is centered around simulating the potential habitats the species of the genus Cassytha that is both widespread and narrowly parasitic. It aims to analyze the environmental variations that contribute to the formation of these habitats, as well as examine the distribution pattern of the genus Cassytha diversity and the underlying causes. The ultimate goal is to gather fundamental information that can be used for the conservation of forest diversity and ecological stability in the forests where these vines are found. We found that the MaxEnt model, based on environmental variables, had a high accuracy in predicting the potential distribution areas of the genus Cassytha. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC value) was greater than 0.9 for both the training and test sets, indicating a good confidence in the predictions. By evaluating the contribution rate of environmental variables and using the Jackknife method, we determined that precipitation, temperature, and soil were the main factors limiting the distribution of the genus Cassytha species. The distribution of most endemic species were greatly affected by soil conditions, while the distribution of C. filiformis was not significantly limited by soil factors. Overall, the environmental factors influencing the geographic distribution of the genus Cassytha species had suitable thresholds and narrow ranges, except for C. filiformis, which had the largest range of thresholds. It is currently tentatively hypothesized that the wide distribution of C. filiformis and the narrow distribution of the other species can be attributed to four reasons. Firstly, C. filiformis has a wide distribution possesses a high level of adaptability to different environments and can tolerate a wide range of dominant factors that influence its distribution. Secondly, the distribution of this species is not limited by soil factors. Thirdly, the seeds of the C. filiformis are capable of dispersing over long distances. Lastly, this species has the ability to utilize a wide variety of hosts for its survival and reproduction.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202209270001
Abstract:
Using the typical sampling method, the Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and other diversity indices, Poisson distribution and Negative binomial distribution of the walnut catalpa community in Ganshan Forest Farm, Sanmenxia City were analyzed. The diversity index and species richness of tree species in the arbor layer are higher than those in the shrub layer and the herb layer. Among them, the important value of Juglans regia in the arbor layer is the highest, and the spatial distribution and aggregation degree is the highest. The number of plants at the middle tree level was the largest, and the static life table further indicated that compared with other altitudes, low altitude was more suitable for the survival of the middle tree level.
Using the typical sampling method, the Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and other diversity indices, Poisson distribution and Negative binomial distribution of the walnut catalpa community in Ganshan Forest Farm, Sanmenxia City were analyzed. The diversity index and species richness of tree species in the arbor layer are higher than those in the shrub layer and the herb layer. Among them, the important value of Juglans regia in the arbor layer is the highest, and the spatial distribution and aggregation degree is the highest. The number of plants at the middle tree level was the largest, and the static life table further indicated that compared with other altitudes, low altitude was more suitable for the survival of the middle tree level.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202108110004
Abstract:
In order to select appropriate substrate ratio of Hippophae rhamnoides L. in the front mountain belt of the northern slope of Tianshan mountains, garden soil, decomposed sheep droppings and river sand were used as the experimental material. The physiological growth index of Hippophae rhamnoides seedling with different ratios of seedling substrates were compared and analyzed by means of variance analysis, principal component analysis, stepwise regression analysis, etc. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation of Hippophae rhamnoides L. container seedlings was made to reveal the growth characteristics of seedlings in this area, and to selected a better ratio of seedling substrates. The results showed that there were differences in the growth and physiological index of Hippophae rhamnoides L. in different seedling substrates. The optimum substrate ratio of Hippophae rhamnoides was: garden soil: decomposed sheep droppings: river sand =6:2:2.
In order to select appropriate substrate ratio of Hippophae rhamnoides L. in the front mountain belt of the northern slope of Tianshan mountains, garden soil, decomposed sheep droppings and river sand were used as the experimental material. The physiological growth index of Hippophae rhamnoides seedling with different ratios of seedling substrates were compared and analyzed by means of variance analysis, principal component analysis, stepwise regression analysis, etc. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation of Hippophae rhamnoides L. container seedlings was made to reveal the growth characteristics of seedlings in this area, and to selected a better ratio of seedling substrates. The results showed that there were differences in the growth and physiological index of Hippophae rhamnoides L. in different seedling substrates. The optimum substrate ratio of Hippophae rhamnoides was: garden soil: decomposed sheep droppings: river sand =6:2:2.
, Available online , doi: 10.12172/202106170001
Abstract:
Using fruit model traps of different colors and shapes and male sex attractants to attract Bactrocera tau in the field, the attraction effects on Bactrocera tau were compared. At the same time, the attraction effects of fruit model traps and commercially traps on Bactrocera tau were compared, and the significant level of their trapping effects was analyzed, in order to select traps with better attracting effects. The results showed that: (1) Compared with adding liquid attractant or a piece of solid attractant without any sex attractant, the trapping effects of the three fruit model traps were in the order of HG+1Y>SG+1Y>QC+1Y; (2) When two pieces of solid attractant were added, the trapping effects of the three fruit model traps were HG+2Y>QC+2Y>SG+2Y; (3) Effect of using fruit model traps and commercial traps: HG+Y and HZ+Y had the best trapping effects on Bactrocera tau. The trapping effects of the six traps were in the order of HZ+Y>HG+Y>QC+Y>SG+Y>SJ+Y>YG+Y.
Using fruit model traps of different colors and shapes and male sex attractants to attract Bactrocera tau in the field, the attraction effects on Bactrocera tau were compared. At the same time, the attraction effects of fruit model traps and commercially traps on Bactrocera tau were compared, and the significant level of their trapping effects was analyzed, in order to select traps with better attracting effects. The results showed that: (1) Compared with adding liquid attractant or a piece of solid attractant without any sex attractant, the trapping effects of the three fruit model traps were in the order of HG+1Y>SG+1Y>QC+1Y; (2) When two pieces of solid attractant were added, the trapping effects of the three fruit model traps were HG+2Y>QC+2Y>SG+2Y; (3) Effect of using fruit model traps and commercial traps: HG+Y and HZ+Y had the best trapping effects on Bactrocera tau. The trapping effects of the six traps were in the order of HZ+Y>HG+Y>QC+Y>SG+Y>SJ+Y>YG+Y.
