2018 Vol. 39 Issue 2
2018 Vol. 39, No. 2
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2018, 39(2): 1-6.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.001
Abstract:
Studies were made of the relationship between BAI (Basal Areas Increment) and topographical factors (elevation, gradient and exposure), and discussion was made on the growth law of Larix chinensis by using correlation analysis method, time sequence ARIMA model and inspection. There was negative correlation between BAI and elevation or gradient. The larger the elevation or gradient were, the slower BAI would be. BAI growth tendency in the South Slope had the larger amplitude than that in the North Slope. The 1st growth peak of BAI appeared at the age of 20 a. The big peak and small peak occurred in 16 a~20 a and in 4 a~6 a, respectively. The historical minimum and maximum appeared in 1840 and 1997. BAI had the negative correlation with elevation and gradient. The suitable elevation and gradient were 3 050 m~3 150 m and 10°~20°, respectively. The growth law showed that BAI of young-aged L. Chinensis was in the stage of rapid growth, BAI of middle and later age had slower growth, but the general growth exhibited in the stably rising tendency.
Studies were made of the relationship between BAI (Basal Areas Increment) and topographical factors (elevation, gradient and exposure), and discussion was made on the growth law of Larix chinensis by using correlation analysis method, time sequence ARIMA model and inspection. There was negative correlation between BAI and elevation or gradient. The larger the elevation or gradient were, the slower BAI would be. BAI growth tendency in the South Slope had the larger amplitude than that in the North Slope. The 1st growth peak of BAI appeared at the age of 20 a. The big peak and small peak occurred in 16 a~20 a and in 4 a~6 a, respectively. The historical minimum and maximum appeared in 1840 and 1997. BAI had the negative correlation with elevation and gradient. The suitable elevation and gradient were 3 050 m~3 150 m and 10°~20°, respectively. The growth law showed that BAI of young-aged L. Chinensis was in the stage of rapid growth, BAI of middle and later age had slower growth, but the general growth exhibited in the stably rising tendency.
2018, 39(2): 7-12.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.002
Abstract:
In order to select suitable local plants for remediation of cadmium contaminated soil in Sichuan, seeds of 4 kinds of native woody plants (Pinus yunnanensis, Alnus cremastogyne, Toona ciliate and Acer pentaphyllum)were cultivated in cadmium(Cd) solutions with a series of concentrations to investigate the effects of heavy metals on seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that Cd had no obvious effect on seed germination of P. yunnanensis, but inhibited that of A. cremastogyne and increased that of T. ciliate and A. pentaphyllum. Cd promoted the root and shoot growth of P. yunnanensis during seedling growth. For other species, Cd promoted shoot growth and inhibited root growth of A. cremastogyne and A. pentaphyllum, but inhibited the shoot growth and promoted root growth of T. ciliata. Tolerance evaluation results showed that the Cd tolerance of the 4 species in descending sequence were T. ciliata, P. yunnanensis, A. pentaphyllum and A. cremastogyne.
In order to select suitable local plants for remediation of cadmium contaminated soil in Sichuan, seeds of 4 kinds of native woody plants (Pinus yunnanensis, Alnus cremastogyne, Toona ciliate and Acer pentaphyllum)were cultivated in cadmium(Cd) solutions with a series of concentrations to investigate the effects of heavy metals on seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that Cd had no obvious effect on seed germination of P. yunnanensis, but inhibited that of A. cremastogyne and increased that of T. ciliate and A. pentaphyllum. Cd promoted the root and shoot growth of P. yunnanensis during seedling growth. For other species, Cd promoted shoot growth and inhibited root growth of A. cremastogyne and A. pentaphyllum, but inhibited the shoot growth and promoted root growth of T. ciliata. Tolerance evaluation results showed that the Cd tolerance of the 4 species in descending sequence were T. ciliata, P. yunnanensis, A. pentaphyllum and A. cremastogyne.
2018, 39(2): 13-17,22.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.003
Abstract:
Using Caragana korshinskii from Jiuzhoutai of the North Mountains in Lanzhou city, measurement and analysis were made of the contents of Malondia dehyde(MDA), Superoxide dismutase(SOD), Peroxidase(POD), Ascorbic acid(ASA) and Proline in leaves after high temperature stress treatments of 30℃,35℃,40℃ and 45℃ respectively. The results showed that the content of MDA increased consistently, which indicated that the peroxidation function of membrane lipid was enhanced at high temperatures. The activity of SOD and POD increased first and then decreased,and the contents of ASA and proline increased on the whole, which demonstrated that C. korshinskii could resist oxidation by enhancing the activity of SOD and POD to eliminate the free radicals at high temperatures, but with the increasing of temperature, the ability of antioxidation was limited. The ASA and proline played an important role in strengthening the ability of antioxidation of C. korshinskii.
Using Caragana korshinskii from Jiuzhoutai of the North Mountains in Lanzhou city, measurement and analysis were made of the contents of Malondia dehyde(MDA), Superoxide dismutase(SOD), Peroxidase(POD), Ascorbic acid(ASA) and Proline in leaves after high temperature stress treatments of 30℃,35℃,40℃ and 45℃ respectively. The results showed that the content of MDA increased consistently, which indicated that the peroxidation function of membrane lipid was enhanced at high temperatures. The activity of SOD and POD increased first and then decreased,and the contents of ASA and proline increased on the whole, which demonstrated that C. korshinskii could resist oxidation by enhancing the activity of SOD and POD to eliminate the free radicals at high temperatures, but with the increasing of temperature, the ability of antioxidation was limited. The ASA and proline played an important role in strengthening the ability of antioxidation of C. korshinskii.
2018, 39(2): 18-22.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.004
Abstract:
In order to obtain the suitable fertilization formula of Juglans regia L.,the experiment of fertilizer of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium was conducted by orthogonal design on the gravel yellow earth soil in Chaotian District of Guangyuan City.The results showed that the effect of three kind of fertilizers on the yield of J.regia was descendingly phosphorus > potassium > nitrogen,and different disposals of fertilizer of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium had obvious effects on the yield of J.regia.It was recommended that annual fertilization rate was 1 200 g urea,1 500 g calcium superphosphate and 940 g potassium sulphate for each tree on the gravel yellow earth soil.
In order to obtain the suitable fertilization formula of Juglans regia L.,the experiment of fertilizer of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium was conducted by orthogonal design on the gravel yellow earth soil in Chaotian District of Guangyuan City.The results showed that the effect of three kind of fertilizers on the yield of J.regia was descendingly phosphorus > potassium > nitrogen,and different disposals of fertilizer of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium had obvious effects on the yield of J.regia.It was recommended that annual fertilization rate was 1 200 g urea,1 500 g calcium superphosphate and 940 g potassium sulphate for each tree on the gravel yellow earth soil.
2018, 39(2): 23-25.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.005
Abstract:
The burgeon of Toona sinensis was considered as a kind of excellent forest vegetable, having rich nutritional value. Studies were made of the influence of planting density and stumping method on the vegetable toon production in order to provide certain guiding basis for the efficient cultivation technique. The results showed that ① there was a fast-growing stage during 2~6 years of age and the production was more than 200 kg per 0.067 hm2 during the stable production period since the 7th year. ② The burgeon production under different planting density was 200 kg~250 kg during the stable production period. ③ Stumping significantly increased the branch numbers and improved the harvest efficiency of burgeons, but there was little effects on the burgeon prodution of individual plant.
The burgeon of Toona sinensis was considered as a kind of excellent forest vegetable, having rich nutritional value. Studies were made of the influence of planting density and stumping method on the vegetable toon production in order to provide certain guiding basis for the efficient cultivation technique. The results showed that ① there was a fast-growing stage during 2~6 years of age and the production was more than 200 kg per 0.067 hm2 during the stable production period since the 7th year. ② The burgeon production under different planting density was 200 kg~250 kg during the stable production period. ③ Stumping significantly increased the branch numbers and improved the harvest efficiency of burgeons, but there was little effects on the burgeon prodution of individual plant.
2018, 39(2): 26-29.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.006
Abstract:
The technology of solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (SFME) was compared with hydrodistillation (HD) by the extraction of volatile oils from the Sichuan Cinnamomum pedunculatum leaves, and the GC-MS technology was used in separation and identification of the main constituents. The percentage of the individual volatile component was calculated by the normalization method of peak area. And the conclusions showed that the main components of the volatile oils were similar, nevertheless the yield of the individual constituent was different by the two extraction methods; solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (SFME) was a more efficiency extraction technology compared with the HD, especially in the extraction time (40 min versus 200 min) and the yield of volatile oils (6.50 mL·kg-1 versus 5.46 mL·kg-1). SFME had the characteristics of efficiency, low cost and no pollution,and it should be widely generalized in the practical application.
The technology of solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (SFME) was compared with hydrodistillation (HD) by the extraction of volatile oils from the Sichuan Cinnamomum pedunculatum leaves, and the GC-MS technology was used in separation and identification of the main constituents. The percentage of the individual volatile component was calculated by the normalization method of peak area. And the conclusions showed that the main components of the volatile oils were similar, nevertheless the yield of the individual constituent was different by the two extraction methods; solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (SFME) was a more efficiency extraction technology compared with the HD, especially in the extraction time (40 min versus 200 min) and the yield of volatile oils (6.50 mL·kg-1 versus 5.46 mL·kg-1). SFME had the characteristics of efficiency, low cost and no pollution,and it should be widely generalized in the practical application.
2018, 39(2): 30-32,102.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.007
Abstract:
In this paper,studies were made of the operation parameters influencing the asperuloside yield, which was extracted from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. The main operation parameters, such as:the ethanol concentration, the liquid-solid ratio, the ultrasonic irradiation time and the ultrasonic irradiation power, were investigated in detail. And the highest yield of asperuloside was obtained in the condition of ultrasonic irradiation power of 160 W, 70% of ethanol concentration, 15 mL·g-1 of liquid-solid ratio, and 40 min of ultrasonic irradiation time. As a conclusion, it was found that the ultrasonic-assisted extraction was a stable, efficient, and energy-saving technology, which could be used in the extraction of asperuloside from Eucommia ulmoides.
In this paper,studies were made of the operation parameters influencing the asperuloside yield, which was extracted from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. The main operation parameters, such as:the ethanol concentration, the liquid-solid ratio, the ultrasonic irradiation time and the ultrasonic irradiation power, were investigated in detail. And the highest yield of asperuloside was obtained in the condition of ultrasonic irradiation power of 160 W, 70% of ethanol concentration, 15 mL·g-1 of liquid-solid ratio, and 40 min of ultrasonic irradiation time. As a conclusion, it was found that the ultrasonic-assisted extraction was a stable, efficient, and energy-saving technology, which could be used in the extraction of asperuloside from Eucommia ulmoides.
2018, 39(2): 33-36.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.008
Abstract:
To study the genetic variation of resin yield and chemical components, the resin yield and chemical components were measured and the variation and correlation among the components of 40 clones were analyzed. The analysis of variances indicated extremely significant difference in all components acid among the clones, and the heritability was 0.53~0.96, which indicated that these chemical components were controlled by strong genetic factors with strong breeding potential. The clone selection with specialty chemical composition could achieve better results through clonal selection. There was a significant positive correlation between resin yield and alpha pinene.
To study the genetic variation of resin yield and chemical components, the resin yield and chemical components were measured and the variation and correlation among the components of 40 clones were analyzed. The analysis of variances indicated extremely significant difference in all components acid among the clones, and the heritability was 0.53~0.96, which indicated that these chemical components were controlled by strong genetic factors with strong breeding potential. The clone selection with specialty chemical composition could achieve better results through clonal selection. There was a significant positive correlation between resin yield and alpha pinene.
2018, 39(2): 37-39,107.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.009
Abstract:
In order to study the influence of different seedling types and seasons on forest growth,investigation and analysis were made of the growth traits of Dalbergia odorifera in yibin areas. The results showed that the forest of cutting seedlings grew faster than that of seedlings during the plantlet stage, and cutting plantation showed a better adaptability.The survival rate of spring afforestation and autumn afforestation were both above 90%, while the effect of spring afforestation (97.87%) was significantly better than that of autumn (94.33%). For seedlings, the effects were not significantly different on the growth of height, DBH, canopy between spring afforestation and autumn afforestation.
In order to study the influence of different seedling types and seasons on forest growth,investigation and analysis were made of the growth traits of Dalbergia odorifera in yibin areas. The results showed that the forest of cutting seedlings grew faster than that of seedlings during the plantlet stage, and cutting plantation showed a better adaptability.The survival rate of spring afforestation and autumn afforestation were both above 90%, while the effect of spring afforestation (97.87%) was significantly better than that of autumn (94.33%). For seedlings, the effects were not significantly different on the growth of height, DBH, canopy between spring afforestation and autumn afforestation.
2018, 39(2): 40-42.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.010
Abstract:
In order to improve the rooting and survival rate of Cinnamomum pedunculatum cuttings,and shorten the rooting time and seedling period,studies were made of the impact of different cutting surface types on rooting and survival rate. The results showed that survival rate of two-side cuttings was 66%,flat cuttings survival rate was 57%,oblique cuttings survival rate reached 85%.By analysis of variance, survival rate of oblique cuttings was the highest.
In order to improve the rooting and survival rate of Cinnamomum pedunculatum cuttings,and shorten the rooting time and seedling period,studies were made of the impact of different cutting surface types on rooting and survival rate. The results showed that survival rate of two-side cuttings was 66%,flat cuttings survival rate was 57%,oblique cuttings survival rate reached 85%.By analysis of variance, survival rate of oblique cuttings was the highest.
2018, 39(2): 43-46,84.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.011
Abstract:
In order to create walnut breeding materials in Sichuan, based on the investigation of walnut germplasm resources in the early stage, M1 was used as the female parent, BKZ, KLZ, SQLG and YHT were used as male parent to carry out the cross breeding experiment of early bearing walnut. The fruit setting rate, seed setting rate and phenotypic characteristics of the hybrid fruit were determined and analyzed by variance analysis and multiple comparison. The results showed that (1) the differences of fruit setting rate and seed setting rate among different walnut hybrids were significant (P<0.01). Among them, M1×KLZ had the highest fruit setting rate and M1×BKZ seed setting rate was the highest. (2) The fruit phenotypic traits of different walnut hybrids were significantly different (P<0.01), and the overall performance of the core-shell surface characteristics of each hybrid fruit was pretty good. (3) The coefficient of variation of the phenotypic shape index of different walnut hybrid fruits was smaller, indicating that the phenotypic shape of the hybrid fruit was relatively stable.
In order to create walnut breeding materials in Sichuan, based on the investigation of walnut germplasm resources in the early stage, M1 was used as the female parent, BKZ, KLZ, SQLG and YHT were used as male parent to carry out the cross breeding experiment of early bearing walnut. The fruit setting rate, seed setting rate and phenotypic characteristics of the hybrid fruit were determined and analyzed by variance analysis and multiple comparison. The results showed that (1) the differences of fruit setting rate and seed setting rate among different walnut hybrids were significant (P<0.01). Among them, M1×KLZ had the highest fruit setting rate and M1×BKZ seed setting rate was the highest. (2) The fruit phenotypic traits of different walnut hybrids were significantly different (P<0.01), and the overall performance of the core-shell surface characteristics of each hybrid fruit was pretty good. (3) The coefficient of variation of the phenotypic shape index of different walnut hybrid fruits was smaller, indicating that the phenotypic shape of the hybrid fruit was relatively stable.
2018, 39(2): 47-49.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.012
Abstract:
In order to understand the influence of fertilization on the growth of artificial Cryptomeria fortuna forests,fertilization tests were conducted on growth of young and middle-aged artificial forest of C. fortune in Yangcun Township, Muchuan County. The results showed that fertilization could significantly promote the growth of young-aged artificial forest. The height and diameter under fertilization were all more than 1.5 times as compared with no fertilization. Fertilization had not significant influence on the growth of middle-aged artificial forest. There were not significant differences of height and diameter at breast height between fertilization and no fertilization. It was advised to promote economic benefits through "Forest intercropping" (cultivated cash crops among the trees) and indirect fertilization. In middle-aged forest stands, silvicultural measure like nurture and intermediate cuttings could improve the amount of growth.
In order to understand the influence of fertilization on the growth of artificial Cryptomeria fortuna forests,fertilization tests were conducted on growth of young and middle-aged artificial forest of C. fortune in Yangcun Township, Muchuan County. The results showed that fertilization could significantly promote the growth of young-aged artificial forest. The height and diameter under fertilization were all more than 1.5 times as compared with no fertilization. Fertilization had not significant influence on the growth of middle-aged artificial forest. There were not significant differences of height and diameter at breast height between fertilization and no fertilization. It was advised to promote economic benefits through "Forest intercropping" (cultivated cash crops among the trees) and indirect fertilization. In middle-aged forest stands, silvicultural measure like nurture and intermediate cuttings could improve the amount of growth.
2018, 39(2): 50-55.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.013
Abstract:
Zanthoxylum is one of important economic tree species in Sichuan Province, with a long history of cultivation and utilization. To promote healthy and orderly development of Zanthoxylum industry in Sichuan,analysis was made of the development situation, development effects and existing problems on the basis of in-depth investigation about the development of domestic Zanthoxylum industry. Countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for the supply-side structural reform of Sichuan Zanthoxylum industry, as the main line of "Building the base, Making the processing, Creating the brand, Exploiting the market and Strengthening support".
Zanthoxylum is one of important economic tree species in Sichuan Province, with a long history of cultivation and utilization. To promote healthy and orderly development of Zanthoxylum industry in Sichuan,analysis was made of the development situation, development effects and existing problems on the basis of in-depth investigation about the development of domestic Zanthoxylum industry. Countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for the supply-side structural reform of Sichuan Zanthoxylum industry, as the main line of "Building the base, Making the processing, Creating the brand, Exploiting the market and Strengthening support".
2018, 39(2): 56-60.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.014
Abstract:
On the basis of 2nd wetland resources investigation in Sichuan Province, a survey was conducted on the diversity of vertebrates in marshes and wetlands of the Western Sichuan Plateau including Aba and Ganzi. Finally, fishes, amphibians and birds were confirmed to inhabit marshes and wetlands of the Western Sichuan Plateau. The results showed that fishes belonged to 1 order, 2 families and 23 species, amphibians belonged to 1 order, 3 families and 5 species; birds belonged to 4 orders, 9 families and 26 species.
On the basis of 2nd wetland resources investigation in Sichuan Province, a survey was conducted on the diversity of vertebrates in marshes and wetlands of the Western Sichuan Plateau including Aba and Ganzi. Finally, fishes, amphibians and birds were confirmed to inhabit marshes and wetlands of the Western Sichuan Plateau. The results showed that fishes belonged to 1 order, 2 families and 23 species, amphibians belonged to 1 order, 3 families and 5 species; birds belonged to 4 orders, 9 families and 26 species.
2018, 39(2): 61-64.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.015
Abstract:
Sichuan Lily was rich in resources, and collection of germplasm resources was the basis for the protection and utilization of lilies. In this paper, the wild lily resources were investigated in the dry valley area of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, and the collection, preservation and artificial breeding of lily germplasm resources were also researched in succession. A total of three lilies were found in the area:Lilium regale Wilson,L. davidii Duchartre and L. duchartrei Franch. Among them, L. regale grew mostly in hillside shrubs,on sunny slopes or in ditches, cliffs, and rock crevices, associated with leguminous and Rosaceae plants. L. davidii and L. duchartrei h mostly grew in forest margins, alpine shrubs and grasses, associated with Rosaceae and Compositae plants. Germplasm resources such as bulbs and seeds of three species of lilies were collected and preserved by ex-situ preservation of bulbs and cryopreservation of seeds, the artificial cultivation experiments of lilies were subsequently carried out. The results showed that the best breeding method for the lily was bulb propagation, followed by seed propagation and budding.
Sichuan Lily was rich in resources, and collection of germplasm resources was the basis for the protection and utilization of lilies. In this paper, the wild lily resources were investigated in the dry valley area of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, and the collection, preservation and artificial breeding of lily germplasm resources were also researched in succession. A total of three lilies were found in the area:Lilium regale Wilson,L. davidii Duchartre and L. duchartrei Franch. Among them, L. regale grew mostly in hillside shrubs,on sunny slopes or in ditches, cliffs, and rock crevices, associated with leguminous and Rosaceae plants. L. davidii and L. duchartrei h mostly grew in forest margins, alpine shrubs and grasses, associated with Rosaceae and Compositae plants. Germplasm resources such as bulbs and seeds of three species of lilies were collected and preserved by ex-situ preservation of bulbs and cryopreservation of seeds, the artificial cultivation experiments of lilies were subsequently carried out. The results showed that the best breeding method for the lily was bulb propagation, followed by seed propagation and budding.
2018, 39(2): 65-70.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.016
Abstract:
The diameter of trees is not only an important factor in forest measuration, but also the important basis evaluation for forest tree growth and site quality. The application situation was elaborated about the diameter measurement method of trees in forest investigation and measuration at domestic and aboard. Discussion was made on the principles, structures and measurement errors of measuring instruments represented by tree diameter measurements. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of various measurement methods were compared. Accordingly, this paper could provide theoretical reference for improving the measuring accuracy and efficiency of the tree diameter in forest investigation.
The diameter of trees is not only an important factor in forest measuration, but also the important basis evaluation for forest tree growth and site quality. The application situation was elaborated about the diameter measurement method of trees in forest investigation and measuration at domestic and aboard. Discussion was made on the principles, structures and measurement errors of measuring instruments represented by tree diameter measurements. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of various measurement methods were compared. Accordingly, this paper could provide theoretical reference for improving the measuring accuracy and efficiency of the tree diameter in forest investigation.
2018, 39(2): 71-78.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.017
Abstract:
Located at the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the northwest plateau area of Sichuan Province played an important role in water conservation for the Yangtze river and the Yellow River basins. In this area, a variety of wetlands types were included such as herbaceous swamp, shrub swamp, swamp meadow, rivers and lakes, which played a crucial part in water conservation, flood storage, regulating climate, purifying water quality, maintaining biodiversity, and other important ecological functions. Based on the data accumulated in field survey of this region, a total of 34 families, 86 genera and 252 wetland species of vascular plants and 3 vegetation type groups, 7 vegetation types and 49 formations of wetland plant communities were reported in this paper. And the wetland seed flora had obvious temperate characteristics. These results were helpful for the research and conservation of biodiversity in this region.
Located at the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the northwest plateau area of Sichuan Province played an important role in water conservation for the Yangtze river and the Yellow River basins. In this area, a variety of wetlands types were included such as herbaceous swamp, shrub swamp, swamp meadow, rivers and lakes, which played a crucial part in water conservation, flood storage, regulating climate, purifying water quality, maintaining biodiversity, and other important ecological functions. Based on the data accumulated in field survey of this region, a total of 34 families, 86 genera and 252 wetland species of vascular plants and 3 vegetation type groups, 7 vegetation types and 49 formations of wetland plant communities were reported in this paper. And the wetland seed flora had obvious temperate characteristics. These results were helpful for the research and conservation of biodiversity in this region.
2018, 39(2): 79-84.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.018
Abstract:
Based on ASTERGDEMV2 version of the 30 m×30 m resolution DEM data of Chengdu, the model was established for the terrain undulating volume extraction by neighborhood analysis in ARCGIS10.2 The terrain undulating degrees of the rectangle neighborhood windows of different sizes were extracted in the city, and the best calculation unit was determined by means of mean variable point analysis. On this basis, the map of terrain undulation was gotlen by spatially combining the best calculation unit with the elevation classification map directly extracted by arcgis10.2 in order to get the basic landform map of Chengdu.The results showed:that the optimum calculation unit of terrain undulation in Chengdu was 14×14 mesh size (176 400 m2). The terrain was mainly undulating and below, with an area of 98.54%. There were 20 types of basic geomorphologic forms in the city, of which 5 were the main types, with an area of 96.52%. Aceorotny to the spatial distribution pattern, in northwest of Chengdu. The Longmen mountains displayed variety of terrain fluctuations, and there were 13 types of undulating and varied terrains. The low-altitude hilly types were mainly concentrated in the Longquan mountains and the joint region between the Longmen mountains and Chengdu Plain, with a sporadic distribution in the middle and east of Chengdu. The two main types of low-altitude plain and low-altitude platform were mainly distributed between the Longquan mountains and in the southwestern part of the Longquan mountains.
Based on ASTERGDEMV2 version of the 30 m×30 m resolution DEM data of Chengdu, the model was established for the terrain undulating volume extraction by neighborhood analysis in ARCGIS10.2 The terrain undulating degrees of the rectangle neighborhood windows of different sizes were extracted in the city, and the best calculation unit was determined by means of mean variable point analysis. On this basis, the map of terrain undulation was gotlen by spatially combining the best calculation unit with the elevation classification map directly extracted by arcgis10.2 in order to get the basic landform map of Chengdu.The results showed:that the optimum calculation unit of terrain undulation in Chengdu was 14×14 mesh size (176 400 m2). The terrain was mainly undulating and below, with an area of 98.54%. There were 20 types of basic geomorphologic forms in the city, of which 5 were the main types, with an area of 96.52%. Aceorotny to the spatial distribution pattern, in northwest of Chengdu. The Longmen mountains displayed variety of terrain fluctuations, and there were 13 types of undulating and varied terrains. The low-altitude hilly types were mainly concentrated in the Longquan mountains and the joint region between the Longmen mountains and Chengdu Plain, with a sporadic distribution in the middle and east of Chengdu. The two main types of low-altitude plain and low-altitude platform were mainly distributed between the Longquan mountains and in the southwestern part of the Longquan mountains.
2018, 39(2): 85-89.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.019
Abstract:
By the method of typical community survey plots,studies were made of tree layer species diversity characteristics in the Wawu Mountain of the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest. The results showed that(1) 17 species belonging to 16 genera and 10 families constituted species of the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest tree layer in the Wawu Mountain. (2) Dominant species were Castanopsis platyacantha and Schima castanopsis, mainly associated with broad-leaved tree species of Lithocarpus hancei, Acanthopanax evodiaefolius, Mallotus japonicus, Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia etc.(3) Species diversity index was between 1.25~2.68, ecological dominance was between 0.17~0.45, and evenness index was between 0.26~0.47. (4) The secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest succession evolved from double excellent community towards diverse excellent community patterns in the Wawu Mountain.
By the method of typical community survey plots,studies were made of tree layer species diversity characteristics in the Wawu Mountain of the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest. The results showed that(1) 17 species belonging to 16 genera and 10 families constituted species of the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest tree layer in the Wawu Mountain. (2) Dominant species were Castanopsis platyacantha and Schima castanopsis, mainly associated with broad-leaved tree species of Lithocarpus hancei, Acanthopanax evodiaefolius, Mallotus japonicus, Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia etc.(3) Species diversity index was between 1.25~2.68, ecological dominance was between 0.17~0.45, and evenness index was between 0.26~0.47. (4) The secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest succession evolved from double excellent community towards diverse excellent community patterns in the Wawu Mountain.
2018, 39(2): 90-92,115.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.020
Abstract:
The dry valley was a typical site of the Baishui River in Jiuzhaigou county, which was also the place where trees were difficultly planted. In this study, afforestation experiments were conducted in 3 aspects, including site preparation, speies selection and watering levels. The results showed that retention rate of saplings in level-terraces group, fish-scale pits group and big planting hole group were significantly higher than control check(CK) group. Based on the analysis, Platycladus orientalis was found to be the best tree-type planted in dry valleys and the descending sequence was Platycladus orientalis, Pistacia chinensis, Pinus tabuliformis and Robinia pseudoacacia. Significant inffluences were also found between watering condition and retention rate of saplings. There was a positive correlation between watering levels and retention rate of sapling. In order to guarantee the effect of afforestation in dry valleys of Jiuzhaigou county, level-terraces or fish-scale pits should be considered in afforestation of dry valley areas, drought-resistant trees like Platycladus orientalis or Pistacia chinensis should also be considered, 2~3 times irrigations could be executed if conditions permitted.
The dry valley was a typical site of the Baishui River in Jiuzhaigou county, which was also the place where trees were difficultly planted. In this study, afforestation experiments were conducted in 3 aspects, including site preparation, speies selection and watering levels. The results showed that retention rate of saplings in level-terraces group, fish-scale pits group and big planting hole group were significantly higher than control check(CK) group. Based on the analysis, Platycladus orientalis was found to be the best tree-type planted in dry valleys and the descending sequence was Platycladus orientalis, Pistacia chinensis, Pinus tabuliformis and Robinia pseudoacacia. Significant inffluences were also found between watering condition and retention rate of saplings. There was a positive correlation between watering levels and retention rate of sapling. In order to guarantee the effect of afforestation in dry valleys of Jiuzhaigou county, level-terraces or fish-scale pits should be considered in afforestation of dry valley areas, drought-resistant trees like Platycladus orientalis or Pistacia chinensis should also be considered, 2~3 times irrigations could be executed if conditions permitted.
2018, 39(2): 93-96.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.021
Abstract:
Parks are the important part of the urban ecosystem. 16 typical samples of the Emancipation park in Wuhan were selected,and the diversity index, the importance value of dominant families and dominant species were obtained by field survey and typical plot method. The results showed that there were 490 species of plants in the park, belonging to 170 families, 375 genera, among which there were woody plants of 95 families,including 174 genera and 249 species,and herbs of 75 families,including 202 genera and 240 species. The descending order of species richness was tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer; the descending order of shannon-wiener diversity was tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer; the descending order of Simpson diversity was herbaceous layer, tree Layer, shrub layer; and that of Pielou uniformity was tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer. The tree layer was of high richness, and herbaceous layer was of high similarity, some herbaceous species had been gradually disappearing. Native tree species did not play a leading role in the park,so it was recommended to increase the local tree species and deciduous plants for protecting the growth environment of herbaceous layer in the extensive management of shrubs.
Parks are the important part of the urban ecosystem. 16 typical samples of the Emancipation park in Wuhan were selected,and the diversity index, the importance value of dominant families and dominant species were obtained by field survey and typical plot method. The results showed that there were 490 species of plants in the park, belonging to 170 families, 375 genera, among which there were woody plants of 95 families,including 174 genera and 249 species,and herbs of 75 families,including 202 genera and 240 species. The descending order of species richness was tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer; the descending order of shannon-wiener diversity was tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer; the descending order of Simpson diversity was herbaceous layer, tree Layer, shrub layer; and that of Pielou uniformity was tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer. The tree layer was of high richness, and herbaceous layer was of high similarity, some herbaceous species had been gradually disappearing. Native tree species did not play a leading role in the park,so it was recommended to increase the local tree species and deciduous plants for protecting the growth environment of herbaceous layer in the extensive management of shrubs.
2018, 39(2): 97-102.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.022
Abstract:
Forestry offered three main benefits of ecology, economy and society. It could be a breakthrough point to vigorously develop ecological economy, build resource-saving and environment-friendly industries,and promote the development of forestry ecology, which played an important role in improving the status of forestry in the national economic development, accelerating the pace of poverty alleviation, and promoting the sustainable development of social economy. Therefore, the study of forestry industry could provide a better basis for the strategy of forestry development in Chengdu. By way of SWOT, the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of the development of forestry industry in Chengdu were expounded, based on the analysis of the background and necessity. Countermeasures were put forward, such as advancing forestry system reform, improving investment environment, cultivating leading enterprises and strengthening science and technology support,aiming to promote sound and rapid development of forestry industry in Chengdu.
Forestry offered three main benefits of ecology, economy and society. It could be a breakthrough point to vigorously develop ecological economy, build resource-saving and environment-friendly industries,and promote the development of forestry ecology, which played an important role in improving the status of forestry in the national economic development, accelerating the pace of poverty alleviation, and promoting the sustainable development of social economy. Therefore, the study of forestry industry could provide a better basis for the strategy of forestry development in Chengdu. By way of SWOT, the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of the development of forestry industry in Chengdu were expounded, based on the analysis of the background and necessity. Countermeasures were put forward, such as advancing forestry system reform, improving investment environment, cultivating leading enterprises and strengthening science and technology support,aiming to promote sound and rapid development of forestry industry in Chengdu.
2018, 39(2): 103-107.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.023
Abstract:
Air layering was one of important tree propagation techniques, the seedlings propagated by ase of this technique could preserve excellent merits of the stock plants,with early blossoming and fruiting. But there were some shortcomings of low breeding coefficient and manual work efficiency,which led to a lower utilization of air layering.Analysis was made of the influence factors of layer rooting rate, including layering period, materials, medium, procedure, hormone treatments, containers and so on. And it was discussed that the influencing factors of survival rate of seedlings, such as cultivation and management, technical issues of layering. In the future development of air layering, it should be emphasized that the rooting rate of air layering and the survival rate of seedlings must be improved as much as possible.
Air layering was one of important tree propagation techniques, the seedlings propagated by ase of this technique could preserve excellent merits of the stock plants,with early blossoming and fruiting. But there were some shortcomings of low breeding coefficient and manual work efficiency,which led to a lower utilization of air layering.Analysis was made of the influence factors of layer rooting rate, including layering period, materials, medium, procedure, hormone treatments, containers and so on. And it was discussed that the influencing factors of survival rate of seedlings, such as cultivation and management, technical issues of layering. In the future development of air layering, it should be emphasized that the rooting rate of air layering and the survival rate of seedlings must be improved as much as possible.
2018, 39(2): 108-111.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.024
Abstract:
By analysis of the geographical features of Panxi Area, Sichuan and the need of forest fire prevention, the features and advantages of H-125 helicopter were illuminated in combination with the performance characteristics of H-125 helicopter and the practical examples of the helicopter in Panxi Area. Prospects were also discussed to further strengthen the application of H-125 helicopter for forest fire prevention.
By analysis of the geographical features of Panxi Area, Sichuan and the need of forest fire prevention, the features and advantages of H-125 helicopter were illuminated in combination with the performance characteristics of H-125 helicopter and the practical examples of the helicopter in Panxi Area. Prospects were also discussed to further strengthen the application of H-125 helicopter for forest fire prevention.
2018, 39(2): 112-115.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.025
Abstract:
Landscaping is an important part of urban construction, playing a key role in improving the urban ecological environment and transfiguring city image. Xiaoyi city is located in the southwest corner of the Jinzhong plain, which was taken as the research object to analyze the present situation and existing problems of landscape greening, and some suggestions and strategies were put forward, such as scientific and rational planning, strengthening the building of garden green space, reinforcing the Standardization of Landscaping, improving the overall quality of the garden team and enhancing public awareness of greening. It was expected to summarize the views on the development of urban garden afforestation in Jinzhong plain. It also provided a reference to build Characteristic Garden Cities and Ecological Garden Cities of the Jinzhong plain.
Landscaping is an important part of urban construction, playing a key role in improving the urban ecological environment and transfiguring city image. Xiaoyi city is located in the southwest corner of the Jinzhong plain, which was taken as the research object to analyze the present situation and existing problems of landscape greening, and some suggestions and strategies were put forward, such as scientific and rational planning, strengthening the building of garden green space, reinforcing the Standardization of Landscaping, improving the overall quality of the garden team and enhancing public awareness of greening. It was expected to summarize the views on the development of urban garden afforestation in Jinzhong plain. It also provided a reference to build Characteristic Garden Cities and Ecological Garden Cities of the Jinzhong plain.
2018, 39(2): 116-119.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.026
Abstract:
With the continuous development of economy and technology, vertical greening had become an important part of urban greening. Vertical greening plays an important role in improving the urban green area and beautifying the urban ecological environment. In this paper,a description was given of the concept and function of vertical greening,focusing on the application rules of vertical greening. The problems of vertical greening application were analyzed and suggestions were provided.
With the continuous development of economy and technology, vertical greening had become an important part of urban greening. Vertical greening plays an important role in improving the urban green area and beautifying the urban ecological environment. In this paper,a description was given of the concept and function of vertical greening,focusing on the application rules of vertical greening. The problems of vertical greening application were analyzed and suggestions were provided.
2018, 39(2): 120-123.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.027
Abstract:
The characteristics, development environment and problems of ecotourism in Muchuan were analyzed through investigating the ecological tourism resources in Institute of Forest Management of Muchuan county. The thinking and countermeasure of development were suggested in connection with reality, which could be a reference for comprehensive utilization and management of forestry resources in state-owned forest farms, especially in small state-owned forest farms.
The characteristics, development environment and problems of ecotourism in Muchuan were analyzed through investigating the ecological tourism resources in Institute of Forest Management of Muchuan county. The thinking and countermeasure of development were suggested in connection with reality, which could be a reference for comprehensive utilization and management of forestry resources in state-owned forest farms, especially in small state-owned forest farms.
2018, 39(2): 124-128.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.028
Abstract:
In this paper, by analyzing and summarizing the basis of the status quo of forestry 3S technology, integrated 3S technology platform was proposed to be a new trend in forestry field survey, which was described and analyzed in many aspects such as hardware selection, software selection, integrated data preparation, application scenario, application experience and trend of network GIS integration,aiming to promote the application of this technology in forestry field surveys.
In this paper, by analyzing and summarizing the basis of the status quo of forestry 3S technology, integrated 3S technology platform was proposed to be a new trend in forestry field survey, which was described and analyzed in many aspects such as hardware selection, software selection, integrated data preparation, application scenario, application experience and trend of network GIS integration,aiming to promote the application of this technology in forestry field surveys.
2018, 39(2): 129-132.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2018.02.029
Abstract:
Yinshan Park, located in Zhongxin town, Wusheng county as a famous park in North Sichuan was taken as the study object. The history original appearance of modern park was restored by the ways of site investigation, mapping of ancient surveying, witness conference, monuments and literatures consultion, etc. It is of great value for clarifying the progress of developing and evolving from modern park to contemporary park. Studies showed that Yinshan Park was one of the earliest modern park in Sichuan province built in the collision between Chinese and Western civilization, which was equipped with more perfect public service function on the basis of inheriting the Bashu traditional gardening. It created basic conditions for the evolution of park publicization, and had an important historical influence on promoting the development of modern parks in Sichuan.
Yinshan Park, located in Zhongxin town, Wusheng county as a famous park in North Sichuan was taken as the study object. The history original appearance of modern park was restored by the ways of site investigation, mapping of ancient surveying, witness conference, monuments and literatures consultion, etc. It is of great value for clarifying the progress of developing and evolving from modern park to contemporary park. Studies showed that Yinshan Park was one of the earliest modern park in Sichuan province built in the collision between Chinese and Western civilization, which was equipped with more perfect public service function on the basis of inheriting the Bashu traditional gardening. It created basic conditions for the evolution of park publicization, and had an important historical influence on promoting the development of modern parks in Sichuan.
