2020 Vol. 41 Issue 6
2020 Vol. 41, No. 6 Catalogue
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2020, 41(6): 1-7.
doi: 10.12172/202005280002
Abstract:
It is difficult to identify the gender of dioecious seedlings, and the population characteristics are easily affected by the gender differences of seedling stress resistance. The male and female cuttings of Broussonetia papyrifera were treated for 60 days at mild, moderate and severe drought respectively, and leaf characteristics, photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic parameters were measured to analyze the gender differences of the effects of drought intensity on photosynthesis of seedlings. The results showed that: (1) There was a significant gender differences in drought stress on the photosynthetic leaf area of the seedlings (P<0.05). The female plants responded to drought by reducing leaves number and the male plants by reducing single leaf area and increasing leaf thickness, but total photosynthetic leaf area of female plants was significantly lower than that of male plants (P<0.05). (2) Drought stress significantly affected the composition and content of photosynthetic pigment in seedlings (P<0.05), and the order was Caro > Chla+b > Chla > Chlb > Chla/b. Chla and Chla+b content of female plants were significantly higher than those of male plants (P<0.05), but there were no gender differences in Chlb, Caro content and Chla+b (P>0.05); (3) Drought stress significantly affected photosynthetic parameters of seedlings (P<0.05), and mild drought was beneficial for Pn and Gs, moderate drought was beneficial for Tr and Ci, severe drought inhibited photosynthesis. Gender had significant influence on photosynthetic parameters (P<0.05), the order of the influence was Tr > Pn > Ci > Gs. The actual Pn of male plants was higher than female plants, while the potential Pn was lower than that of female plants. In conclusion, male and female seedlings adopt different strategies of adjusting photosynthetic leaf area, pigment and photosynthetic rate to cope with drought and the photosynthetic capacity of male plants was stronger than that of female plants.
It is difficult to identify the gender of dioecious seedlings, and the population characteristics are easily affected by the gender differences of seedling stress resistance. The male and female cuttings of Broussonetia papyrifera were treated for 60 days at mild, moderate and severe drought respectively, and leaf characteristics, photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic parameters were measured to analyze the gender differences of the effects of drought intensity on photosynthesis of seedlings. The results showed that: (1) There was a significant gender differences in drought stress on the photosynthetic leaf area of the seedlings (P<0.05). The female plants responded to drought by reducing leaves number and the male plants by reducing single leaf area and increasing leaf thickness, but total photosynthetic leaf area of female plants was significantly lower than that of male plants (P<0.05). (2) Drought stress significantly affected the composition and content of photosynthetic pigment in seedlings (P<0.05), and the order was Caro > Chla+b > Chla > Chlb > Chla/b. Chla and Chla+b content of female plants were significantly higher than those of male plants (P<0.05), but there were no gender differences in Chlb, Caro content and Chla+b (P>0.05); (3) Drought stress significantly affected photosynthetic parameters of seedlings (P<0.05), and mild drought was beneficial for Pn and Gs, moderate drought was beneficial for Tr and Ci, severe drought inhibited photosynthesis. Gender had significant influence on photosynthetic parameters (P<0.05), the order of the influence was Tr > Pn > Ci > Gs. The actual Pn of male plants was higher than female plants, while the potential Pn was lower than that of female plants. In conclusion, male and female seedlings adopt different strategies of adjusting photosynthetic leaf area, pigment and photosynthetic rate to cope with drought and the photosynthetic capacity of male plants was stronger than that of female plants.
2020, 41(6): 8-14.
doi: 10.12172/202009240002
Abstract:
The suitable stand structure is beneficial for improving the ecological and economic functions of the stands. In order to provide scientific basis for sustainable management of Cupressus funebris plantation in hilly area of central Sichuan, hydrological effects of litter layer and soil layer under different thinning intensity were compared, and the optimal thinning intensity of soil and water conservation was discussed. In 2007, Cupressus funebris plantations with 35−40 year-old, canopy density ≥0.8, understory shrub coverage ≤20% and herb coverage ≤30% were selected, and three thinning intensities (I: 10%−15%, II: 16−25%, III: 26−35%) and CK (no thinning) were set by random block method. Based on the field sampling in 2019, the hydrological effect indexes such as soil bulk density, capillary porosity, total porosity, maximum water holding capacity, saturated water storage capacity and litter volume, natural moisture content, maximum water holding capacity, maximum water holding capacity, maximum retaining capacity and effective retaining capacity, as well as dynamic process simulation of litter water holding and water absorption were analyzed and caculated. The results showed that: (1) After thinning, the litter volume increased significantly. The total litter volume of thinning intensity I, II and III was 1.24, 1.78 and 2.38 times of CK, respectively. The maximum water holding capacity and effective storage capacity of thinning intensity III were 3.73 and 2.59 times of CK, respectively. Except thinning intensity II and CK, there were significant differences among other treatments (P < 0.05). (2) The variation of water holding capacity of litter layer with soaking time followed the logarithmic function W=a−b×ln(t+c), R2>0.95, and the variation of water absorption with soaking time followed the power function V=mtn, R2>0.80. (3) The soil bulk density under different thinning intensities was significantly lower than that of CK. The soil capillary porosity of thinning intensity III was the largest (35.30±2.60%) and the control was the smallest (28.19±1.29%). The maximum water holding capacity of 0−30 cm soil was the highest in thinning intensity III (105.90±2.60 mm), followed by II (103.07±3.01 mm), and the smallest was CK (84.58±1.29 mm). The saturated water storage of different thinning intensities was higher than that of CK. The 0−30 cm soil saturated water storage of thinning intensity I, II and III was 1.09, 1.21 and 1.27 times of CK, respectively. Considering the hydrological effects of soil layer and litter layer, thinning intensity III, i.e. the number of trees reserved from 1700 indv. ·hm−2 to 2100 indv·hm−2, was the best optimum thinning intensity. The hydrological performance of the three thinning intensities was better than that of CK, indicating that thinning had a positive effect for improving the hydrological performance of forest stand.
The suitable stand structure is beneficial for improving the ecological and economic functions of the stands. In order to provide scientific basis for sustainable management of Cupressus funebris plantation in hilly area of central Sichuan, hydrological effects of litter layer and soil layer under different thinning intensity were compared, and the optimal thinning intensity of soil and water conservation was discussed. In 2007, Cupressus funebris plantations with 35−40 year-old, canopy density ≥0.8, understory shrub coverage ≤20% and herb coverage ≤30% were selected, and three thinning intensities (I: 10%−15%, II: 16−25%, III: 26−35%) and CK (no thinning) were set by random block method. Based on the field sampling in 2019, the hydrological effect indexes such as soil bulk density, capillary porosity, total porosity, maximum water holding capacity, saturated water storage capacity and litter volume, natural moisture content, maximum water holding capacity, maximum water holding capacity, maximum retaining capacity and effective retaining capacity, as well as dynamic process simulation of litter water holding and water absorption were analyzed and caculated. The results showed that: (1) After thinning, the litter volume increased significantly. The total litter volume of thinning intensity I, II and III was 1.24, 1.78 and 2.38 times of CK, respectively. The maximum water holding capacity and effective storage capacity of thinning intensity III were 3.73 and 2.59 times of CK, respectively. Except thinning intensity II and CK, there were significant differences among other treatments (P < 0.05). (2) The variation of water holding capacity of litter layer with soaking time followed the logarithmic function W=a−b×ln(t+c), R2>0.95, and the variation of water absorption with soaking time followed the power function V=mtn, R2>0.80. (3) The soil bulk density under different thinning intensities was significantly lower than that of CK. The soil capillary porosity of thinning intensity III was the largest (35.30±2.60%) and the control was the smallest (28.19±1.29%). The maximum water holding capacity of 0−30 cm soil was the highest in thinning intensity III (105.90±2.60 mm), followed by II (103.07±3.01 mm), and the smallest was CK (84.58±1.29 mm). The saturated water storage of different thinning intensities was higher than that of CK. The 0−30 cm soil saturated water storage of thinning intensity I, II and III was 1.09, 1.21 and 1.27 times of CK, respectively. Considering the hydrological effects of soil layer and litter layer, thinning intensity III, i.e. the number of trees reserved from 1700 indv. ·hm−2 to 2100 indv·hm−2, was the best optimum thinning intensity. The hydrological performance of the three thinning intensities was better than that of CK, indicating that thinning had a positive effect for improving the hydrological performance of forest stand.
2020, 41(6): 15-22.
doi: 10.12172/202007010002
Abstract:
The secondary Quercus liaotungensis population in Qinling mountains was selected as the experimental object, and the population structure of Quercus liaotungensis and the responses of seedling regeneration to DBH pattern, density pattern and competition pattern were studied by using the relevant methods of spatial pattern analysis. The results showed that: (1) The number of small diameter individuals (DBH <16 cm ) was significantly higher than that of large diameter individuals (DBH ≥16 cm). (2) The average diameter at breast diameter (10.376 cm) around the seedling regeneration position was smaller than the average level of the plot (12.385 cm). (3) The population density of the seedling regeneration position (0.126 plants / m2) was higher than the average level of the plot (0.084 / m2). (4) The competition index of seedling regeneration position was at a moderate level of the plot, and the law was not obvious. The results provided some certain reference value for a deeper understanding of the secondary forest regeneration mechanism.
The secondary Quercus liaotungensis population in Qinling mountains was selected as the experimental object, and the population structure of Quercus liaotungensis and the responses of seedling regeneration to DBH pattern, density pattern and competition pattern were studied by using the relevant methods of spatial pattern analysis. The results showed that: (1) The number of small diameter individuals (DBH <16 cm ) was significantly higher than that of large diameter individuals (DBH ≥16 cm). (2) The average diameter at breast diameter (10.376 cm) around the seedling regeneration position was smaller than the average level of the plot (12.385 cm). (3) The population density of the seedling regeneration position (0.126 plants / m2) was higher than the average level of the plot (0.084 / m2). (4) The competition index of seedling regeneration position was at a moderate level of the plot, and the law was not obvious. The results provided some certain reference value for a deeper understanding of the secondary forest regeneration mechanism.
2020, 41(6): 23-28.
doi: 10.12172/201911270001
Abstract:
The stand types of protective forest system in in Meixi River small watershed of Three Gorges Reservoir area was optimized through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The stand types after the optimization were broad-leaved mixed forest (32.19%), pine-oak mixed forest (28.67%), pine-cypress mixed forest (17.57%), masson pine pure forest (8.36%), cupressus funebris pure forest (7.31%) and economic forest (5.91%). The results provided a basis for the adjustment of stand types and the sustainable development of forestry in this area.
The stand types of protective forest system in in Meixi River small watershed of Three Gorges Reservoir area was optimized through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The stand types after the optimization were broad-leaved mixed forest (32.19%), pine-oak mixed forest (28.67%), pine-cypress mixed forest (17.57%), masson pine pure forest (8.36%), cupressus funebris pure forest (7.31%) and economic forest (5.91%). The results provided a basis for the adjustment of stand types and the sustainable development of forestry in this area.
2020, 41(6): 29-34.
doi: 10.12172/202006160001
Abstract:
In order to restore and reconstruct the vegetation in dry valleys, the seed rain and breeding countermeasures of Sophora davidii (Franch.) were studied, wich could provide basis for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in dry valleys. According to the distribution of the main foundation species of Sophora davidii (Franch.) in the dry valley, the field investigation was carried out by using the method of sample field survey. The results showed thtat: (1) Judging from the number of seeds, the seed quantity of Sophora davidii (Franch.) was relatively higher at low and high altitudes, and the lowest at 1700 m—1800 m altitude. (2) The number of seeds in the kernel increased with the elevation gradient, and the seed number per pod at an altitude of 1800 m—2200 m was mainly more than 3. (3) The fall time of seed rain mainly started from June, and the seed rain drop density gradually increased, with the peak period from mid-July to early August and the end period in mid-late August. During the seed rain, the rate of insect-eaten seeds decreased with the increase of seed quantity. (4) Seed germination seedlings of the Sophora davidii (Franch.) population were mainly distributed in high-altitude areas with large seed quantity. Increasing the quantity and quality of seeds in the soil seed bank in dary valleys can increase the chances of germination and regeneration.
In order to restore and reconstruct the vegetation in dry valleys, the seed rain and breeding countermeasures of Sophora davidii (Franch.) were studied, wich could provide basis for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in dry valleys. According to the distribution of the main foundation species of Sophora davidii (Franch.) in the dry valley, the field investigation was carried out by using the method of sample field survey. The results showed thtat: (1) Judging from the number of seeds, the seed quantity of Sophora davidii (Franch.) was relatively higher at low and high altitudes, and the lowest at 1700 m—1800 m altitude. (2) The number of seeds in the kernel increased with the elevation gradient, and the seed number per pod at an altitude of 1800 m—2200 m was mainly more than 3. (3) The fall time of seed rain mainly started from June, and the seed rain drop density gradually increased, with the peak period from mid-July to early August and the end period in mid-late August. During the seed rain, the rate of insect-eaten seeds decreased with the increase of seed quantity. (4) Seed germination seedlings of the Sophora davidii (Franch.) population were mainly distributed in high-altitude areas with large seed quantity. Increasing the quantity and quality of seeds in the soil seed bank in dary valleys can increase the chances of germination and regeneration.
2020, 41(6): 35-40.
doi: 10.12172/202005310001
Abstract:
In order to explore the suitable ways to improve the habitat quality of Giant Pandas, the transformation experiment of Larix kaempferi plantations with different intensities and models were conducted in nine different areas in Wolong National Nature Reserve. Four years later, through the QUADRAT survey, the understory vegetation status of the transformed and untransformed areas, before and after transformation, artificial restoration model and natural restoration model were compared and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Before and after the transformation, there was a strong correlation between the density of Larix kaempferi plantation and canopy density, understory shrub coverage and herb coverage. When the density of Larix kaempferi plantation after the transformation was still more than 1000 trees·hm−2, the species and quantity of understory shrubs and grasses increased little and did not change in natural restoration. (2) When the density of Larix kaempferi was below 1000 plants·hm−2, the species and quantity of understory shrubs and grasses increased obviously, and the growth trend was to increase with the decrease of Larix kaempferi density. When the density of Japanese Larix kaempferi was below 600 trees·hm−2, the growth of other associated trees was more favorable than that of Larix kaempferi. (3) According to the investigation of artificial restoration experimental plots, the local common native species and bamboos, Acer davidii and Fargesia robusta, had lower survival rate and poorer growth, while the local pioneer tree species resistant to poor soil condition, Magnolia Officinalis and Alnus cremastogyne had higher survival rate and better growth.
In order to explore the suitable ways to improve the habitat quality of Giant Pandas, the transformation experiment of Larix kaempferi plantations with different intensities and models were conducted in nine different areas in Wolong National Nature Reserve. Four years later, through the QUADRAT survey, the understory vegetation status of the transformed and untransformed areas, before and after transformation, artificial restoration model and natural restoration model were compared and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Before and after the transformation, there was a strong correlation between the density of Larix kaempferi plantation and canopy density, understory shrub coverage and herb coverage. When the density of Larix kaempferi plantation after the transformation was still more than 1000 trees·hm−2, the species and quantity of understory shrubs and grasses increased little and did not change in natural restoration. (2) When the density of Larix kaempferi was below 1000 plants·hm−2, the species and quantity of understory shrubs and grasses increased obviously, and the growth trend was to increase with the decrease of Larix kaempferi density. When the density of Japanese Larix kaempferi was below 600 trees·hm−2, the growth of other associated trees was more favorable than that of Larix kaempferi. (3) According to the investigation of artificial restoration experimental plots, the local common native species and bamboos, Acer davidii and Fargesia robusta, had lower survival rate and poorer growth, while the local pioneer tree species resistant to poor soil condition, Magnolia Officinalis and Alnus cremastogyne had higher survival rate and better growth.
2020, 41(6): 41-47.
doi: 10.12172/202006120001
Abstract:
Selecting suitable species for the Longquan Mountain urban forest park in Chengdu and putting forward cultivation techniques for species on difficult sites can provide scientific basis for landscape configuration and species selection in the vegetation restoration of the Longquan Mountain urban forest park. According to references literature, field investigation and questionnaire survey, 50 plant species were preliminarily determined (including trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants), and 15 indexes were selected from the four aspects of ecological function, landscape function, health care function and economic values to establish the hierarchical model for species selection and evaluation. Subsequently, the selection and evaluation of species in the Longquan Mountain urban forest park were analyzed by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). 13 native species over 5-years-old were selected for cultivation experiment on difficult sites, and the survival rate and conservation rate were investigated. Our results showed that 19 species suitable for planting in the Longquan Mountain urban forest park were selected by AHP. Among them, there were 11 tree species, 6 shrubs species (small trees, vines) and 2 herbs species. There were 8 tree and shrub species suitable for planting on difficult sites, including Robinia pseudoacacia, Ligustrum lucidum, Cinnamomum camphora, Phoebe zhennan, Ginkgo biloba, Koelreuteria paniculata, Pyracantha fortuneana, Photinia serrulata. Our cultivation experiment showed that the conservation rate of 13 natural species after 2 years was more than 91%, among which, the conservation rates of Pyracantha fortuneana, Ligustrum lucidum, Cinnamomum camphora, Robinia pseudoacacia, Cotinus coggygria, Photinia serrulata, Koelreuteria paniculata, Osmanthus fragrans, Celtis sinensis were more than 95%. Considering the site conditions of the Longquan Mountain urban forest park were general poor, in order to improve the survival and conservation rate, large seedlings should be planted, and proper irrigation, tending and fertilization measure should be carried out three years after planting.
Selecting suitable species for the Longquan Mountain urban forest park in Chengdu and putting forward cultivation techniques for species on difficult sites can provide scientific basis for landscape configuration and species selection in the vegetation restoration of the Longquan Mountain urban forest park. According to references literature, field investigation and questionnaire survey, 50 plant species were preliminarily determined (including trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants), and 15 indexes were selected from the four aspects of ecological function, landscape function, health care function and economic values to establish the hierarchical model for species selection and evaluation. Subsequently, the selection and evaluation of species in the Longquan Mountain urban forest park were analyzed by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). 13 native species over 5-years-old were selected for cultivation experiment on difficult sites, and the survival rate and conservation rate were investigated. Our results showed that 19 species suitable for planting in the Longquan Mountain urban forest park were selected by AHP. Among them, there were 11 tree species, 6 shrubs species (small trees, vines) and 2 herbs species. There were 8 tree and shrub species suitable for planting on difficult sites, including Robinia pseudoacacia, Ligustrum lucidum, Cinnamomum camphora, Phoebe zhennan, Ginkgo biloba, Koelreuteria paniculata, Pyracantha fortuneana, Photinia serrulata. Our cultivation experiment showed that the conservation rate of 13 natural species after 2 years was more than 91%, among which, the conservation rates of Pyracantha fortuneana, Ligustrum lucidum, Cinnamomum camphora, Robinia pseudoacacia, Cotinus coggygria, Photinia serrulata, Koelreuteria paniculata, Osmanthus fragrans, Celtis sinensis were more than 95%. Considering the site conditions of the Longquan Mountain urban forest park were general poor, in order to improve the survival and conservation rate, large seedlings should be planted, and proper irrigation, tending and fertilization measure should be carried out three years after planting.
2020, 41(6): 48-51.
doi: 10.12172/202006180001
Abstract:
Wildlife rescue is of great significance in maintaining ecological balance, and the research on regional wildlife rescue plays an important guiding role in wildlife rescue work. By analyzing the numbers, species and trend of wildlife rescue in Ya'an city from 2016 to 2019, this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen regional wildlife rescue and improve the effectiveness of wildlife rescue, such as increasing financial resources and staffing, paying attention to wildlife research in key areas, strengthening the professional rescue ability of species, and focusing on wildlife rescue personnel and property in the second and fourth quarters of wildlife rescue.
Wildlife rescue is of great significance in maintaining ecological balance, and the research on regional wildlife rescue plays an important guiding role in wildlife rescue work. By analyzing the numbers, species and trend of wildlife rescue in Ya'an city from 2016 to 2019, this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen regional wildlife rescue and improve the effectiveness of wildlife rescue, such as increasing financial resources and staffing, paying attention to wildlife research in key areas, strengthening the professional rescue ability of species, and focusing on wildlife rescue personnel and property in the second and fourth quarters of wildlife rescue.
2020, 41(6): 52-55.
doi: 10.12172/202006150001
Abstract:
Dendrobium officinate is an endangered and precious Chinese herbal medicine in China. In this study, plum tree, an economic fruit tree in the Emei Mountain, was selected as the epiphyte tree species, and the survival rate and biological characteristics of three seedling ages of Dendrobium officinate were studied. According to the results, plum tree was suitable for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium officinate. It was more economical and reasonable to choose 1-year-old Dendrobium officinate for epiphytic cultivation, with high survival rate and normal flowering, and the plant grew vigorously and grew well when harvested.
Dendrobium officinate is an endangered and precious Chinese herbal medicine in China. In this study, plum tree, an economic fruit tree in the Emei Mountain, was selected as the epiphyte tree species, and the survival rate and biological characteristics of three seedling ages of Dendrobium officinate were studied. According to the results, plum tree was suitable for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium officinate. It was more economical and reasonable to choose 1-year-old Dendrobium officinate for epiphytic cultivation, with high survival rate and normal flowering, and the plant grew vigorously and grew well when harvested.
2020, 41(6): 56-63.
doi: 10.12172/202006240002
Abstract:
The 22-year-old Pinus armandii plantation in Jinshajiang river basin was selected as the research object, and three gradients of canopy density of 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 were formed by thinning and pruning. The species composition and diversity of shrubs and herbs under different canopy density stands were studied. The results showed that: (1) The number of plant species decreased with the increase of canopy density. Elsholtzia rugulosa Rhododendron parvifolium, Pteris cretica, Rubus foceanus, and Diplazium donianum were the dominant plants in 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 canopy density respectively, but their important values did not exceed 0.21. In general, the proportion of high bud plants was the highest, and with the increase of canopy density, the life forms with the largest proportion were underground bud, high bud and ground bud plants. (2) The richness index, Simpson index and Shannon Wiener index of understory plants with different canopy density were significantly different, all of which decreased with the increase of canopy density. The canopy degrees of 0.5 and 0.7 were significantly higher than that of 0.9. The evenness index of understory plants was not significant, and the distribution of shrub plants was relatively uniform. (3) There were the most common species in 0.5 and 0.7 canopy density. The similarity coefficient of 0.7 canopy density and other canopy density was higher than 65%, and the community structure of the understory vegetation was relatively stable.
The 22-year-old Pinus armandii plantation in Jinshajiang river basin was selected as the research object, and three gradients of canopy density of 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 were formed by thinning and pruning. The species composition and diversity of shrubs and herbs under different canopy density stands were studied. The results showed that: (1) The number of plant species decreased with the increase of canopy density. Elsholtzia rugulosa Rhododendron parvifolium, Pteris cretica, Rubus foceanus, and Diplazium donianum were the dominant plants in 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 canopy density respectively, but their important values did not exceed 0.21. In general, the proportion of high bud plants was the highest, and with the increase of canopy density, the life forms with the largest proportion were underground bud, high bud and ground bud plants. (2) The richness index, Simpson index and Shannon Wiener index of understory plants with different canopy density were significantly different, all of which decreased with the increase of canopy density. The canopy degrees of 0.5 and 0.7 were significantly higher than that of 0.9. The evenness index of understory plants was not significant, and the distribution of shrub plants was relatively uniform. (3) There were the most common species in 0.5 and 0.7 canopy density. The similarity coefficient of 0.7 canopy density and other canopy density was higher than 65%, and the community structure of the understory vegetation was relatively stable.
2020, 41(6): 64-68.
doi: 10.12172/202006090002
Abstract:
Dendrocalamus mutatus Yi et B.X. Li was selected as the research object, and the characteristics and pulping performance of Dendrocalamus mutates were studied. The application of Dendrocalamus mutatus in pulping and papermaking was studied, so as to provide more and better bamboo varieties for the high-quality development of bamboo industry in Sichuan province. The results showed that Dendrocalamus mutatus had higher biomass per unit area, wich was a high-yield bamboo species. Besides the high kappa number and viscosity, there were no other problems in the pulping experiment, which could be used to produce bamboo dissolved pulp and bamboo chemical pulp. The length of Dendrocalamus mutates fiber was longer than that of bamboo fiber for production, and the cooking difficulty was slightly higher than that of bamboo fiber for production. If Dendrocalamus mutates was used in production, it is necessary to properly strengthen the cooking conditions.
Dendrocalamus mutatus Yi et B.X. Li was selected as the research object, and the characteristics and pulping performance of Dendrocalamus mutates were studied. The application of Dendrocalamus mutatus in pulping and papermaking was studied, so as to provide more and better bamboo varieties for the high-quality development of bamboo industry in Sichuan province. The results showed that Dendrocalamus mutatus had higher biomass per unit area, wich was a high-yield bamboo species. Besides the high kappa number and viscosity, there were no other problems in the pulping experiment, which could be used to produce bamboo dissolved pulp and bamboo chemical pulp. The length of Dendrocalamus mutates fiber was longer than that of bamboo fiber for production, and the cooking difficulty was slightly higher than that of bamboo fiber for production. If Dendrocalamus mutates was used in production, it is necessary to properly strengthen the cooking conditions.
Study on Habitat Preference of Chinese Goral (Naemorhedus griseus) in Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan
2020, 41(6): 69-74.
doi: 10.12172/202007050001
Abstract:
Chinese goral (Naemorhedus griseus) is widely distributed in China, and its habitat selection and preference is an important basis for species protection and management. From April 2017 to April 2018, 64 infrared cameras were randomly installed in three areas of high altitude, middle altitude, and low altitude in the south bank of Pitiao river in Wolong National Nature Reserve, to investigate the distribution of Chinese goral in this area. In addition, 12 kinds of habitat factors, including altitude, slope aspect, slope degree, vegetation succession, vegetation type, vegetation coverage, arbor coverage, arbor height, shrub coverage, shrub height, herb coverage, human disturbance, were recorded. The habitat preferences of Chinese goral in Wolong Nature Reserve were analyzed by two-sample chi-square test and Vanderloeg and Scavia Index. The results showed that: (1) Chinese goral in Wolong Nature Reserve was widely distributed at an altitude of 1500 m—4500 m, but it avoided the area above 4000 m, and preferred sunny slopes. (2) Chinese goral preferred the old growth forest with high vegetation coverage, high trees with good concealment, and 1—3 m high shrubs with sufficient food. Chinese goral was sensitive to human disturbance, and obviously escaped from the human disturbance areas.
Chinese goral (Naemorhedus griseus) is widely distributed in China, and its habitat selection and preference is an important basis for species protection and management. From April 2017 to April 2018, 64 infrared cameras were randomly installed in three areas of high altitude, middle altitude, and low altitude in the south bank of Pitiao river in Wolong National Nature Reserve, to investigate the distribution of Chinese goral in this area. In addition, 12 kinds of habitat factors, including altitude, slope aspect, slope degree, vegetation succession, vegetation type, vegetation coverage, arbor coverage, arbor height, shrub coverage, shrub height, herb coverage, human disturbance, were recorded. The habitat preferences of Chinese goral in Wolong Nature Reserve were analyzed by two-sample chi-square test and Vanderloeg and Scavia Index. The results showed that: (1) Chinese goral in Wolong Nature Reserve was widely distributed at an altitude of 1500 m—4500 m, but it avoided the area above 4000 m, and preferred sunny slopes. (2) Chinese goral preferred the old growth forest with high vegetation coverage, high trees with good concealment, and 1—3 m high shrubs with sufficient food. Chinese goral was sensitive to human disturbance, and obviously escaped from the human disturbance areas.
2020, 41(6): 75-79.
doi: 10.12172/202006220001
Abstract:
Cunninghamia lanceolata seeds were selected as the study material. The seeds were soaked for 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h with five concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 mg/L) of IBA, GA3, 6-BA and ABA (50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 mg/L), respectively, and the seed germination rate, germination potential and seedling growth were determined. The results showed that: (1) Different concentrations of exogenous plant hormones and different soaking times had significnat differences on seed germination. The highest germination rate was 94.7% and the highest germination potential was 55.3% when GA3 concentration was 100 mg/L and soaking time was 1 h. (2) There were no differences in the seedling growth under different soaking times of exogenous plant hormones, however, there were significant differences in different concentrations. Different concentrations of IBA, GA3 and 6-BA promoted the growths of seedling height and diameter of Cunninghamia lanceolata, and different concentrations of ABA promoted the roots growth.
Cunninghamia lanceolata seeds were selected as the study material. The seeds were soaked for 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h with five concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 mg/L) of IBA, GA3, 6-BA and ABA (50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 mg/L), respectively, and the seed germination rate, germination potential and seedling growth were determined. The results showed that: (1) Different concentrations of exogenous plant hormones and different soaking times had significnat differences on seed germination. The highest germination rate was 94.7% and the highest germination potential was 55.3% when GA3 concentration was 100 mg/L and soaking time was 1 h. (2) There were no differences in the seedling growth under different soaking times of exogenous plant hormones, however, there were significant differences in different concentrations. Different concentrations of IBA, GA3 and 6-BA promoted the growths of seedling height and diameter of Cunninghamia lanceolata, and different concentrations of ABA promoted the roots growth.
2020, 41(6): 80-83.
doi: 10.12172/202005230001
Abstract:
Two species of the genus Synotis (Asteraceae-Senecioneae), S. duclouxii (Dunn) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen and S. lucorum (Franch.) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, are reported for the first time in Sichuan province, China. Both species are currently distributed in the south of Sichuan province. Detailed morphological description, specimen information and their geographical distribution in China are provided. These findings further enrich the plant diversity and resources of traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Sichuan province.
Two species of the genus Synotis (Asteraceae-Senecioneae), S. duclouxii (Dunn) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen and S. lucorum (Franch.) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, are reported for the first time in Sichuan province, China. Both species are currently distributed in the south of Sichuan province. Detailed morphological description, specimen information and their geographical distribution in China are provided. These findings further enrich the plant diversity and resources of traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Sichuan province.
2020, 41(6): 84-88.
doi: 10.12172/202009010001
Abstract:
In order to develop an efficient approach for the rapid propagation of Oriental hybrid lily cultivar ‘Vivian’ by tissue culture, the scales were used as the explants. The results showed that the best adventitious bud induction medium of Oriental hybrid lily cultivar ‘Vivian’ was MS+1.0 mg·L−1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L−1 NAA+30 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, and pH value was 6.0. The optimal medium for adventitious bud proliferation was MS+1.0 mg·L−1 6-BA+0.15 mg·L−1 NAA+60 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, and the pH value was 6.0. The best medium for bulblet expansion was MS+ 90 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, with pH value of 6.0. The optimal medium for bulblet rooting was 1/2 MS+0.3 mg·L−1 NAA+60 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, and the pH value was 6.0. Transplanted tissue culture seedlings in the substrate of the ratio of peat to vermiculite of 1∶1 growed vigorously and the survival rate was up to 95.31%. This efficient in vitro rapid propagation system can provide technical support for large scale production of Oriental hybrid lily cultivar ‘Vivian’.
In order to develop an efficient approach for the rapid propagation of Oriental hybrid lily cultivar ‘Vivian’ by tissue culture, the scales were used as the explants. The results showed that the best adventitious bud induction medium of Oriental hybrid lily cultivar ‘Vivian’ was MS+1.0 mg·L−1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L−1 NAA+30 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, and pH value was 6.0. The optimal medium for adventitious bud proliferation was MS+1.0 mg·L−1 6-BA+0.15 mg·L−1 NAA+60 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, and the pH value was 6.0. The best medium for bulblet expansion was MS+ 90 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, with pH value of 6.0. The optimal medium for bulblet rooting was 1/2 MS+0.3 mg·L−1 NAA+60 g·L−1 sucrose+6.0 g·L−1 agar, and the pH value was 6.0. Transplanted tissue culture seedlings in the substrate of the ratio of peat to vermiculite of 1∶1 growed vigorously and the survival rate was up to 95.31%. This efficient in vitro rapid propagation system can provide technical support for large scale production of Oriental hybrid lily cultivar ‘Vivian’.
2020, 41(6): 89-96.
doi: 10.12172/202009070001
Abstract:
As a common type of engineering restoration after earthquake, the post-earthquake slope has a great disturbance on the soil structure and vegetation of the slope. In this paper, the soil on the slope after earthquake vegetation restoration in Jiuzhaigou project was taken as the research object, and four sampled plots with soil-stone bag steps, straw mulching, replanting trees and herbs were selected. The hydrological effects and soil aggregate characteristics were analyzed by geostatistics, combined with grid sampling and indoor analysis. The results showed that: (1) The soil particle size of the four sampled plots was mainly 0.001−0.05 mm, and there were differences among different soil layers in different restoration models, mainly in 0.001−0.25 mm and 0.01−0.05 mm. (2) The average value of soil bulk density, capillary porosity and total porosity in sample plot 1 were the highest, and the average value of soil water holding capacity, soil water storage and reasonable irrigation quota in sample plot 1 were the highest. The differences of maximum water holding capacity, capillary water holding capacity and minimum water holding capacity between the surface layer of 0−10 cm and the subsurface layer of 10−20 cm in sample plot 3 were the highest. (3) In the four sampled plots, the content of 2−5 mm aggregates was the highest, reaching 38.95%−54.68%; the content of >5 mm aggregates was the lowest, ranging from 2.07% to 5.52%. The proportion of 2−5 mm soil water-stable aggregates was the highest in sample plot 3, and that of <0.25 mm soil water-stable aggregates in sample plot 1, 2 and 4 was the highest. The order of soil aggregate content >0.25 mm was that the content of soil aggregates in the lower layer was higher than that in the upper layer, and the order of sample plots were S3>S2>S1>S4. (4) Under dry sieving treatment, the order of MWD value of 4 plots was S1>S3>S4>S2, but the order of GMD value was S1>S3>S2>S4. The MWD values measured by dry sieving method were higher than those by wet sieving method. The variation order of fractal dimension D of air-dried aggregates was S4>S2>S3>S1, but that of water-stable aggregates was S4>S1>S2>S3. Above all, the soil difference of the slope after the earthquake had a significant effect on hydrological effect, mainly focusing on pore characteristics. After the massive loss of clay soil on the surface of the slope after the earthquake, the surface soil became sandy and gravel and the stability of soil aggregates decreased. The results can provide theoretical basis for restoring soil structure and reducing soil erosion under the background of different engineering measures for slope restoration after earthquake.
As a common type of engineering restoration after earthquake, the post-earthquake slope has a great disturbance on the soil structure and vegetation of the slope. In this paper, the soil on the slope after earthquake vegetation restoration in Jiuzhaigou project was taken as the research object, and four sampled plots with soil-stone bag steps, straw mulching, replanting trees and herbs were selected. The hydrological effects and soil aggregate characteristics were analyzed by geostatistics, combined with grid sampling and indoor analysis. The results showed that: (1) The soil particle size of the four sampled plots was mainly 0.001−0.05 mm, and there were differences among different soil layers in different restoration models, mainly in 0.001−0.25 mm and 0.01−0.05 mm. (2) The average value of soil bulk density, capillary porosity and total porosity in sample plot 1 were the highest, and the average value of soil water holding capacity, soil water storage and reasonable irrigation quota in sample plot 1 were the highest. The differences of maximum water holding capacity, capillary water holding capacity and minimum water holding capacity between the surface layer of 0−10 cm and the subsurface layer of 10−20 cm in sample plot 3 were the highest. (3) In the four sampled plots, the content of 2−5 mm aggregates was the highest, reaching 38.95%−54.68%; the content of >5 mm aggregates was the lowest, ranging from 2.07% to 5.52%. The proportion of 2−5 mm soil water-stable aggregates was the highest in sample plot 3, and that of <0.25 mm soil water-stable aggregates in sample plot 1, 2 and 4 was the highest. The order of soil aggregate content >0.25 mm was that the content of soil aggregates in the lower layer was higher than that in the upper layer, and the order of sample plots were S3>S2>S1>S4. (4) Under dry sieving treatment, the order of MWD value of 4 plots was S1>S3>S4>S2, but the order of GMD value was S1>S3>S2>S4. The MWD values measured by dry sieving method were higher than those by wet sieving method. The variation order of fractal dimension D of air-dried aggregates was S4>S2>S3>S1, but that of water-stable aggregates was S4>S1>S2>S3. Above all, the soil difference of the slope after the earthquake had a significant effect on hydrological effect, mainly focusing on pore characteristics. After the massive loss of clay soil on the surface of the slope after the earthquake, the surface soil became sandy and gravel and the stability of soil aggregates decreased. The results can provide theoretical basis for restoring soil structure and reducing soil erosion under the background of different engineering measures for slope restoration after earthquake.
2020, 41(6): 97-103.
doi: 10.12172/202009100002
Abstract:
In order to explore the effects of earthquake on forest soil microorganisms, which is the most sensitive biological index to environmental change and more reliable than soil organic matter, the soils of damaged Picea crassifolia forests were taken as the research object in Jiuzhaigou county, Sichuan province. The seasonal dynamic characteristics of soil microbial abundance of different damaged Picea crassifolia forests were compared by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that, compared with the control, the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi decreased but not significantly in Picea Crassifolia forests with different damage degrees by the earthquake. The abundance of bacterial 16S rDNA gene copy number in damaged forest soil ranged from 4.39×108 to 9.58×108 copies/g dry soil, and the abundance of fungal 18S rDNA ranged from 1.58×106 to 2.09×106 copies/g dry soil. Meanwhile, the abundance of soil microorganisms in each damaged forest plots fluctuated greatly with time, showing obviously seasonal variation characteristics. The abundance of bacterial 16S rDNA gene copy number increased significantly from spring to summer, reaching the highest value in the whole year, and then decreased significantly from summer to winter. While the abundance of soil fungal 18S rDNA decreased slightly from spring to summer, and gradually increased from summer to winter. Correlation analysis showed that the soil microbial abundance of each damaged forest plot was deeply affected by soil pH, soil total porosity, soil total nitrogen and soil bulk density. The results can provide scientific basis for the restoration, reconstruction and coordination of forest soil ecosystems after earthquake.
In order to explore the effects of earthquake on forest soil microorganisms, which is the most sensitive biological index to environmental change and more reliable than soil organic matter, the soils of damaged Picea crassifolia forests were taken as the research object in Jiuzhaigou county, Sichuan province. The seasonal dynamic characteristics of soil microbial abundance of different damaged Picea crassifolia forests were compared by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that, compared with the control, the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi decreased but not significantly in Picea Crassifolia forests with different damage degrees by the earthquake. The abundance of bacterial 16S rDNA gene copy number in damaged forest soil ranged from 4.39×108 to 9.58×108 copies/g dry soil, and the abundance of fungal 18S rDNA ranged from 1.58×106 to 2.09×106 copies/g dry soil. Meanwhile, the abundance of soil microorganisms in each damaged forest plots fluctuated greatly with time, showing obviously seasonal variation characteristics. The abundance of bacterial 16S rDNA gene copy number increased significantly from spring to summer, reaching the highest value in the whole year, and then decreased significantly from summer to winter. While the abundance of soil fungal 18S rDNA decreased slightly from spring to summer, and gradually increased from summer to winter. Correlation analysis showed that the soil microbial abundance of each damaged forest plot was deeply affected by soil pH, soil total porosity, soil total nitrogen and soil bulk density. The results can provide scientific basis for the restoration, reconstruction and coordination of forest soil ecosystems after earthquake.
2020, 41(6): 104-110.
doi: 10.12172/202003120001
Abstract:
In this paper, the community stucture and species diversity of Picea asperata plantations at different altitudes in Jiuzhaigou county were studied by the field experiment method. The results showed that: (1) the species composition of the arbor layer of Picea asperata plantation was relatively single, and the understory was mainly dominated by Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae and Apiaceae. The species richness was generally represented as herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer. Lonicera szechuanica and Rubus coreanus had great regeneration potential in shrub layer. Thalictrum aquilegifolium was a good companion grass species in the herb layer, and the higher the altitude, the more obvious of the advantage. (2) with the increase of altitude, the growth rate of Picea asperata significantly decreased. The average tree height of Picea asperata at low altitude (2500 m) was about three times higher than that at high altitude (3000 m). (3) at low altitude, the crown density of Picea asperata stands was as high as 0.9, and the coverage of shrub and grass was extremely low. At high altitude, the crown density was lower, but the coverage of understory shrub and grass, species richness and diversity were higher.
In this paper, the community stucture and species diversity of Picea asperata plantations at different altitudes in Jiuzhaigou county were studied by the field experiment method. The results showed that: (1) the species composition of the arbor layer of Picea asperata plantation was relatively single, and the understory was mainly dominated by Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae and Apiaceae. The species richness was generally represented as herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer. Lonicera szechuanica and Rubus coreanus had great regeneration potential in shrub layer. Thalictrum aquilegifolium was a good companion grass species in the herb layer, and the higher the altitude, the more obvious of the advantage. (2) with the increase of altitude, the growth rate of Picea asperata significantly decreased. The average tree height of Picea asperata at low altitude (2500 m) was about three times higher than that at high altitude (3000 m). (3) at low altitude, the crown density of Picea asperata stands was as high as 0.9, and the coverage of shrub and grass was extremely low. At high altitude, the crown density was lower, but the coverage of understory shrub and grass, species richness and diversity were higher.
2020, 41(6): 111-116.
doi: 10.12172/202008190001
Abstract:
Based on the damage degrees of earthquake-stricken areas, 11 vegetation restoration models were selected for severely damaged sites and 6 vegetation restoration models for moderately damaged sites. The restoration effects of each model were compared by the grey relation analysis method. According to the results, the rapid vegetation restoration model with high survival rate, soil organic matter content, biomass and high coverage was screened. The screening process and results of the experiment are of great reference values for the rapid vegetation restoration in earthquake-stricken areas.
Based on the damage degrees of earthquake-stricken areas, 11 vegetation restoration models were selected for severely damaged sites and 6 vegetation restoration models for moderately damaged sites. The restoration effects of each model were compared by the grey relation analysis method. According to the results, the rapid vegetation restoration model with high survival rate, soil organic matter content, biomass and high coverage was screened. The screening process and results of the experiment are of great reference values for the rapid vegetation restoration in earthquake-stricken areas.
2020, 41(6): 117-123.
doi: 10.12172/202009100003
Abstract:
Based on field investigation, the plants in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas were analyzed and studied. In this paper, 8 kinds of tree seedling species and 8 kinds of shrub seedling species were selected for in-situ pot experiment, and the index such as seedling survival rate, height, soil moisture content, crown width (tree), coverage (shrub), canopy density (tree), soil total porosity, soil organic matter and soil enzyme activity and soil bacterial diversity were analyzed. The results showed that 5 dominant tree species including Picea purpurea, Betula albosinensis, Abies ernestii, Pinus tabuliformis and Acer laxiflorum, and 4 shrub species including Sorbus pohuashanensis, Fargesia denudata, Salix cupularis and Rosa moyesii, were screened for vegetation restoration. This study provides the foundation and basis for vegetation restoration in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas.
Based on field investigation, the plants in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas were analyzed and studied. In this paper, 8 kinds of tree seedling species and 8 kinds of shrub seedling species were selected for in-situ pot experiment, and the index such as seedling survival rate, height, soil moisture content, crown width (tree), coverage (shrub), canopy density (tree), soil total porosity, soil organic matter and soil enzyme activity and soil bacterial diversity were analyzed. The results showed that 5 dominant tree species including Picea purpurea, Betula albosinensis, Abies ernestii, Pinus tabuliformis and Acer laxiflorum, and 4 shrub species including Sorbus pohuashanensis, Fargesia denudata, Salix cupularis and Rosa moyesii, were screened for vegetation restoration. This study provides the foundation and basis for vegetation restoration in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas.
2020, 41(6): 124-130.
doi: 10.12172/202009100004
Abstract:
Based on detailed field investigation and species identification of vascular plants in damaged habitats of rare protected animals in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas, the floristic composition and characteristics of wild vascular plants were analyzed and studied. The results showed that: (1) There were 89 families, 279 genera and 580 species of vascular plant species in the flora, among which Compositae, Rosaceae and Gramineae contained more species. (2) The oligodecific families, monotypic genera and oligodecific genera were the main parts of the flora, and the floristic composition structure was complex. The dominance of the plurimotypic family and oligodecific genera were higher in species composition, accounting for 35.17% and 52.94% of the total species. (3) The distribution types of vascular plants were diverse, and there were 15 distribution types in the floristic components of the genera, among which the proportion of the cosmopolitan types was relatively small, with tropical types accounting for 19.01% and temperate types accounting for 78.93% of all the genera. The North Temperate type (91 genera) was the main distribution type, which reflected the remarkable temperate nature of flora. (4) At the genera level, the flora was characterized with a certain amount of Chinese endemic components.
Based on detailed field investigation and species identification of vascular plants in damaged habitats of rare protected animals in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas, the floristic composition and characteristics of wild vascular plants were analyzed and studied. The results showed that: (1) There were 89 families, 279 genera and 580 species of vascular plant species in the flora, among which Compositae, Rosaceae and Gramineae contained more species. (2) The oligodecific families, monotypic genera and oligodecific genera were the main parts of the flora, and the floristic composition structure was complex. The dominance of the plurimotypic family and oligodecific genera were higher in species composition, accounting for 35.17% and 52.94% of the total species. (3) The distribution types of vascular plants were diverse, and there were 15 distribution types in the floristic components of the genera, among which the proportion of the cosmopolitan types was relatively small, with tropical types accounting for 19.01% and temperate types accounting for 78.93% of all the genera. The North Temperate type (91 genera) was the main distribution type, which reflected the remarkable temperate nature of flora. (4) At the genera level, the flora was characterized with a certain amount of Chinese endemic components.
2020, 41(6): 131-136.
doi: 10.12172/202006040002
Abstract:
In recent years, strong earthquakes occurred frequently in Sichuan province. Based on site type, vegetation restoration mode, engineering technology and plant arrangement, this paper studied the vegetation restoration effects of the damaged habitats in Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake-stricken areas. On the basis of seven types of vegetation restoration in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas, combined with the special geographical environment and the damage degrees of vegetation species, it was suggested to adopt three vegetation restoration models and four engineering technologies, and recommend 26 tree species adapted to this area. This study can provide scientific references for the rapid restoration of damaged habitats in earthquake-stricken areas in the future.
In recent years, strong earthquakes occurred frequently in Sichuan province. Based on site type, vegetation restoration mode, engineering technology and plant arrangement, this paper studied the vegetation restoration effects of the damaged habitats in Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake-stricken areas. On the basis of seven types of vegetation restoration in Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken areas, combined with the special geographical environment and the damage degrees of vegetation species, it was suggested to adopt three vegetation restoration models and four engineering technologies, and recommend 26 tree species adapted to this area. This study can provide scientific references for the rapid restoration of damaged habitats in earthquake-stricken areas in the future.
2020, 41(6): 137-146.
doi: 10.12172/202006170001
Abstract:
Asiatic golden cat (Catopuma temminckii) is State Second-Class Protected Animal, is listed as a Near Threatened (NT) species in IUCN Red List, CITES Appendix I, and Asiatic golden cat has very important ecological value in forest ecosystem. Asiatic golden cat is a poorly understood species, and most researches are mainly focused on distribution, population, habitat, activity rhyme, coat color variation and threats. Asiatic golden cats are mainly distributed in South China, Southwest China, South foothills of Himalayas and Southeast Asian countries, showing a wide distribution, diverse habitat types and seasonal migration characteristics. There has not been a reliable evaluation of the wild population of Asiatic golden cats. However, according to the existing research data, the number of wild populations of Asiatic golden cats shows a downward trend, and the artificially breeding population is shrinking due to the low reproduction rate. Asiatic golden cats are also threatened by diseases of parasites and Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), human activities throughout its range, and weak protection. According to the searching and analyzing the research data of Asiatic golden cat, the research level of Asiatic golden cat is low and the data are not comprehensive. Future research on Asiatic golden cat is recommended should focus on the following aspects: population status and trends, the rhythm of spatial and temporal activity, the formation mechanism and distribution of different color patterns, and the impact of CDV on the wild population. Therefore, it is necessary to intensify the research on the wild population of Asiatic golden cat and establish effective protection measures in time to protect Asiatic golden cat.
Asiatic golden cat (Catopuma temminckii) is State Second-Class Protected Animal, is listed as a Near Threatened (NT) species in IUCN Red List, CITES Appendix I, and Asiatic golden cat has very important ecological value in forest ecosystem. Asiatic golden cat is a poorly understood species, and most researches are mainly focused on distribution, population, habitat, activity rhyme, coat color variation and threats. Asiatic golden cats are mainly distributed in South China, Southwest China, South foothills of Himalayas and Southeast Asian countries, showing a wide distribution, diverse habitat types and seasonal migration characteristics. There has not been a reliable evaluation of the wild population of Asiatic golden cats. However, according to the existing research data, the number of wild populations of Asiatic golden cats shows a downward trend, and the artificially breeding population is shrinking due to the low reproduction rate. Asiatic golden cats are also threatened by diseases of parasites and Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), human activities throughout its range, and weak protection. According to the searching and analyzing the research data of Asiatic golden cat, the research level of Asiatic golden cat is low and the data are not comprehensive. Future research on Asiatic golden cat is recommended should focus on the following aspects: population status and trends, the rhythm of spatial and temporal activity, the formation mechanism and distribution of different color patterns, and the impact of CDV on the wild population. Therefore, it is necessary to intensify the research on the wild population of Asiatic golden cat and establish effective protection measures in time to protect Asiatic golden cat.
2020, 41(6): 147-154.
doi: 10.12172/202005140001
Abstract:
Due to natural disasters, human activities, and trade in wild animals and plants and their products, the survival of many species is threatened or even endangered, and the biodiversity on the planet is rapidly declining. At present, the situation of wild species resources in China is not optimistic, and the pressure is huge. One of the effective measures to protect China's biodiversity is to propose specific protection measures for the endangered species according to the endangered grades. In addition, the establishment of nature reserves or endangered species breeding centers, and the formulation of corresponding trade laws and regulations to strictly regulate the trade activities of wild animals and plants and their products are also commonly means to protect species diversity in China. The prerequisite for distinguishing and protecting wildlife by grades is to scientifically evaluate and classify the endangered grades of wild species. At present, China's evaluation system still needs to be further improved. Priority species protection is an important part of biodiversity conservation, and 15 priority conservation species now have been identified in China, which is of vital importance for the protection of biodiversity.
Due to natural disasters, human activities, and trade in wild animals and plants and their products, the survival of many species is threatened or even endangered, and the biodiversity on the planet is rapidly declining. At present, the situation of wild species resources in China is not optimistic, and the pressure is huge. One of the effective measures to protect China's biodiversity is to propose specific protection measures for the endangered species according to the endangered grades. In addition, the establishment of nature reserves or endangered species breeding centers, and the formulation of corresponding trade laws and regulations to strictly regulate the trade activities of wild animals and plants and their products are also commonly means to protect species diversity in China. The prerequisite for distinguishing and protecting wildlife by grades is to scientifically evaluate and classify the endangered grades of wild species. At present, China's evaluation system still needs to be further improved. Priority species protection is an important part of biodiversity conservation, and 15 priority conservation species now have been identified in China, which is of vital importance for the protection of biodiversity.
