2019 Vol. 40 Issue 2
2019 Vol. 40, No. 2
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2019, 40(2): 1-4.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.001
Abstract:
Field experiments were carried out to examine the soil respiration rate by LI-6400-09 portable soil respiration chamber in an Abies fabri forest in Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve. The results showed that (1) the soil respiration rate and soil temperature were different in Abies fabri mature and half-mature forests each month;(2)The soil respiration rate of the two stands had obvious seasonal variation characteristics, which were arranged as:summer > autumn > spring > winter; the average monthly soil respiration rate of mature forest was between 0.82 μmol·s-1·m-2~5.88 μmol·s-1·m-2, the coefficient of seasonal variation was 50.6%, and the average monthly soil respiration rate of half-mature aged forest was between 0.52 μmol·s-1·m-2~3.52 μmol·s-1·m-2,the coefficient of seasonal variation was 48.5%; (3)The seasonal variation of soil respiration rate was positively correlated with the soil temperature of 5cm; (4) The Q10 values of soil CO2 emission rates were 3.2 and 2.6 respectively in A. fabri mature and half-mature forest, the sensitivity index of soil respiration to temperature in mature A. fabri forest was higher than that in half-mature forest.
Field experiments were carried out to examine the soil respiration rate by LI-6400-09 portable soil respiration chamber in an Abies fabri forest in Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve. The results showed that (1) the soil respiration rate and soil temperature were different in Abies fabri mature and half-mature forests each month;(2)The soil respiration rate of the two stands had obvious seasonal variation characteristics, which were arranged as:summer > autumn > spring > winter; the average monthly soil respiration rate of mature forest was between 0.82 μmol·s-1·m-2~5.88 μmol·s-1·m-2, the coefficient of seasonal variation was 50.6%, and the average monthly soil respiration rate of half-mature aged forest was between 0.52 μmol·s-1·m-2~3.52 μmol·s-1·m-2,the coefficient of seasonal variation was 48.5%; (3)The seasonal variation of soil respiration rate was positively correlated with the soil temperature of 5cm; (4) The Q10 values of soil CO2 emission rates were 3.2 and 2.6 respectively in A. fabri mature and half-mature forest, the sensitivity index of soil respiration to temperature in mature A. fabri forest was higher than that in half-mature forest.
2019, 40(2): 5-8.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.002
Abstract:
C. heterophylla×C. avellana is the main variety of Corylus genus applied in China. In this paper, 9 SSR markers were used to analyze population genetic diversity and to establish the fingerprints of the introduced 8 varieties of C. heterophylla×C. avellana. The results showed that the mean numbers of the effective alleles, observed heterozygosity, and expected heterozygosity were 4.161, 0.875, and 0.734 respectively, showing a higher degree of population genetic diversity. And with eight marker combinations between Ch4-7 and Ch8-9, 8 varieties could be efficiently determined, which established the foundation of protection and application of C. heterophylla×C. avellana.
C. heterophylla×C. avellana is the main variety of Corylus genus applied in China. In this paper, 9 SSR markers were used to analyze population genetic diversity and to establish the fingerprints of the introduced 8 varieties of C. heterophylla×C. avellana. The results showed that the mean numbers of the effective alleles, observed heterozygosity, and expected heterozygosity were 4.161, 0.875, and 0.734 respectively, showing a higher degree of population genetic diversity. And with eight marker combinations between Ch4-7 and Ch8-9, 8 varieties could be efficiently determined, which established the foundation of protection and application of C. heterophylla×C. avellana.
2019, 40(2): 9-13.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.003
Abstract:
By experimental base of "strip cutting & planting broadleaf trees", the natural regeneration under the forest was investigated in the hilly area of central Sichuan. The results showed that (1) the natural regeneration seedlings in cutting and reserving zones were significantly higher than those in control plots (P<0.05). The seedlings of natural regenerated young trees in 10 m, 8 m, 6 m, 4 m cutting belts and reserved belts were 10.63 times, 9.38 times, 7.92 times, 7.50 times and 3.33 times, 3.75 times, 4.38 times and 6.04 times of the control respectively. (2) The tree height of the regenerated saplings in the cutting zone, reserved zone and control plot showed a left-sided single-peak structure, and the number of seedlings with tree height of less than 0.1M was the largest. The proportion of seedling height grading of natural regeneration was different in different bandwidth harvesting belts and retaining belts. (3) Natural regenerated young seedlings after undergoing all treatments showed aggregate distribution, and aggregation intensity was high. (4) In addition to cypress, most of the naturally regenerated tree species were sunny or semi-sunny, such as camphor, toon and Chinese tallow.
By experimental base of "strip cutting & planting broadleaf trees", the natural regeneration under the forest was investigated in the hilly area of central Sichuan. The results showed that (1) the natural regeneration seedlings in cutting and reserving zones were significantly higher than those in control plots (P<0.05). The seedlings of natural regenerated young trees in 10 m, 8 m, 6 m, 4 m cutting belts and reserved belts were 10.63 times, 9.38 times, 7.92 times, 7.50 times and 3.33 times, 3.75 times, 4.38 times and 6.04 times of the control respectively. (2) The tree height of the regenerated saplings in the cutting zone, reserved zone and control plot showed a left-sided single-peak structure, and the number of seedlings with tree height of less than 0.1M was the largest. The proportion of seedling height grading of natural regeneration was different in different bandwidth harvesting belts and retaining belts. (3) Natural regenerated young seedlings after undergoing all treatments showed aggregate distribution, and aggregation intensity was high. (4) In addition to cypress, most of the naturally regenerated tree species were sunny or semi-sunny, such as camphor, toon and Chinese tallow.
2019, 40(2): 14-18,79.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.004
Abstract:
The rapid development of urbanization reduced the proportion of urban ecological land use, resulting in the increasingly contradiction between urban ecological environment management and ecological land use demand. Improving ecological land function could be an important measure to alleviate the contradiction between ecological land use and ecological environment control needs. Taking the urban landscape forest establishment in Longquanyi District of Chengdu as an example, the research was carried out on the establishment technology of urban landscape forest in land resource conservation type, from the aspects of urban landscape forest establishment model, forest management technology, forest community structure and forest landscape characteristics.①In the case of peach trees, for the abandoned orchard with the characteristics of "green community with small amount, lack of color in summer and autumn, less green in winter", the three-dimensional green quantity of the community increased by 21.7 times, after the transformation of tree species, which also modified the different ornamental characteristics of the Koelreuteria paniculata,Pistacia chinensis Bunge and Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. in the stand, and realized the "color increase in summer and autumn " and "green supplement in winter". ② For the pure eucalyptus forest with no seasonal landscape change and low forest landscape quality, the flowering and foliage trees were supplemented in the forest window, and the ornamental herbs were arranged under the forest, which enriched the color of the forest and enhanced the quality of the forest landscape. ③ For the pure Magnolia denudata forest with only one season viewing, the forest viewing time was extended from spring to winter by introducing trees such as Lagerstroemia indica, Hibiscus mutabilis and Bougainvillea glabra. Mainly based on native tree species, using multi-level configuration mode of arbor and shrub, using appropriate management and protection measures, a plantation community of land-resource-saving urban landscape forest could be establishment with high ecological service, high landscape quality and long viewing period.
The rapid development of urbanization reduced the proportion of urban ecological land use, resulting in the increasingly contradiction between urban ecological environment management and ecological land use demand. Improving ecological land function could be an important measure to alleviate the contradiction between ecological land use and ecological environment control needs. Taking the urban landscape forest establishment in Longquanyi District of Chengdu as an example, the research was carried out on the establishment technology of urban landscape forest in land resource conservation type, from the aspects of urban landscape forest establishment model, forest management technology, forest community structure and forest landscape characteristics.①In the case of peach trees, for the abandoned orchard with the characteristics of "green community with small amount, lack of color in summer and autumn, less green in winter", the three-dimensional green quantity of the community increased by 21.7 times, after the transformation of tree species, which also modified the different ornamental characteristics of the Koelreuteria paniculata,Pistacia chinensis Bunge and Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. in the stand, and realized the "color increase in summer and autumn " and "green supplement in winter". ② For the pure eucalyptus forest with no seasonal landscape change and low forest landscape quality, the flowering and foliage trees were supplemented in the forest window, and the ornamental herbs were arranged under the forest, which enriched the color of the forest and enhanced the quality of the forest landscape. ③ For the pure Magnolia denudata forest with only one season viewing, the forest viewing time was extended from spring to winter by introducing trees such as Lagerstroemia indica, Hibiscus mutabilis and Bougainvillea glabra. Mainly based on native tree species, using multi-level configuration mode of arbor and shrub, using appropriate management and protection measures, a plantation community of land-resource-saving urban landscape forest could be establishment with high ecological service, high landscape quality and long viewing period.
2019, 40(2): 19-22.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.005
Abstract:
Natural forest protection project is a major ecological strategic project in China, and also an important support to realize the life community of mountains, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. In this paper, Panzhihua city was chosen as the research object. By analyzing the main aspects of implementing natural forest protection project in Panzhihua City in the past 20 years, such as forest resources, personnel welfare, forest harvesting and forest output value, it was concluded that the implementation of natural forest protection project had achieved remarkable results, and the countermeasures and prospects were explored for future implementation, which was of great significance to improving the natural forest protection system.
Natural forest protection project is a major ecological strategic project in China, and also an important support to realize the life community of mountains, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. In this paper, Panzhihua city was chosen as the research object. By analyzing the main aspects of implementing natural forest protection project in Panzhihua City in the past 20 years, such as forest resources, personnel welfare, forest harvesting and forest output value, it was concluded that the implementation of natural forest protection project had achieved remarkable results, and the countermeasures and prospects were explored for future implementation, which was of great significance to improving the natural forest protection system.
2019, 40(2): 23-27.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.006
Abstract:
In order to scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of Sichuan Nanhe National Wetland Park establishment, and to further propose an National Wetland Park superior strategy, the unit area ecosystem service value equivalent table was used to calculate the changes of ecosystem service value in Sichuan Nanhe National Wetland Park from 2005 to 2018. The results showed that the value of ecosystem services increased year by year in Nanhe National Wetland Park, with a growth rate of 40.4%. The growth rates of climate regulation, biodiversity, aesthetic landscape and soil conservation were 330.7%, 267.0%, 201.1% and 193.9%, respectively. Gas regulation, raw material production, maintenance of nutrient recycling, purification environment, water supply, and hydrological regulation growth rates were 176.9%, 120.2%, 94.2%, 71.4%, 31.7%, and 18.5%.Based on the above research, an optimization strategy was proposed in combining functional zoning, gradually increasing the wetland area, and improving the ecological structure.
In order to scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of Sichuan Nanhe National Wetland Park establishment, and to further propose an National Wetland Park superior strategy, the unit area ecosystem service value equivalent table was used to calculate the changes of ecosystem service value in Sichuan Nanhe National Wetland Park from 2005 to 2018. The results showed that the value of ecosystem services increased year by year in Nanhe National Wetland Park, with a growth rate of 40.4%. The growth rates of climate regulation, biodiversity, aesthetic landscape and soil conservation were 330.7%, 267.0%, 201.1% and 193.9%, respectively. Gas regulation, raw material production, maintenance of nutrient recycling, purification environment, water supply, and hydrological regulation growth rates were 176.9%, 120.2%, 94.2%, 71.4%, 31.7%, and 18.5%.Based on the above research, an optimization strategy was proposed in combining functional zoning, gradually increasing the wetland area, and improving the ecological structure.
2019, 40(2): 28-31.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.007
Abstract:
The urban wetland park is one of important land resources, praised as "the kidney of the city", which has multiple functions of ecological restoration and purification. Therefore, the land use monitoring in urban wetland parks is of great significance to environmental improvement, rational utilization of land and protection of wetland resources. The dynamic change of land use was monitored by ENVI supervised classification in Chengdu Bailuwan Wetland Park. Results showed that the land classification in 2012 was as follows:vegetation, cultivated land and half-bare land, creation and bare land,respectively occupiying 42%, 33% and 25% area of the park; In 2015, the land classification ratio turned to 42%, 20% and 22% respectively, and the water body increased by 16%. The cultivated land, vegetation and water area in wetland parks increased year by year, and the land use structure became more reasonable. With the help of dynamic monitoring and analysis of land use change by remote sensing technology, the utilization of wetland park resources would be more rational, which had great significance for the development of urban wetland.
The urban wetland park is one of important land resources, praised as "the kidney of the city", which has multiple functions of ecological restoration and purification. Therefore, the land use monitoring in urban wetland parks is of great significance to environmental improvement, rational utilization of land and protection of wetland resources. The dynamic change of land use was monitored by ENVI supervised classification in Chengdu Bailuwan Wetland Park. Results showed that the land classification in 2012 was as follows:vegetation, cultivated land and half-bare land, creation and bare land,respectively occupiying 42%, 33% and 25% area of the park; In 2015, the land classification ratio turned to 42%, 20% and 22% respectively, and the water body increased by 16%. The cultivated land, vegetation and water area in wetland parks increased year by year, and the land use structure became more reasonable. With the help of dynamic monitoring and analysis of land use change by remote sensing technology, the utilization of wetland park resources would be more rational, which had great significance for the development of urban wetland.
2019, 40(2): 32-35,41.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.008
Abstract:
7 configuration modes were chosen as experiments by planting tropical rainforest species including Parashorea chinensis Wang His., Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn. f., Erythrophleum fordii Oliv.,Mesua feffea L., Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen., and Altingia excels, under the rubber plantation. The biomass and carbon storage of pure rubber forests were compared with different allocation patterns, in order to select the best configuration mode. The results showed that E. fordii was in the best model planted with Di. Turbinatus, P. chinensis and M. feffea under the rubber plantation.
7 configuration modes were chosen as experiments by planting tropical rainforest species including Parashorea chinensis Wang His., Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn. f., Erythrophleum fordii Oliv.,Mesua feffea L., Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen., and Altingia excels, under the rubber plantation. The biomass and carbon storage of pure rubber forests were compared with different allocation patterns, in order to select the best configuration mode. The results showed that E. fordii was in the best model planted with Di. Turbinatus, P. chinensis and M. feffea under the rubber plantation.
2019, 40(2): 36-41.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.009
Abstract:
In order to obtain the suitable formula fertilization of Dendrocalamus farinosus,the formula fertilization was conducted for Dendrocalamus farinosus with the fertilizers of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon by the way of L9(34)orthogonal design in calcareous purple soil in Muchuan County of Leshan City, Sichuan Province. The results showed that the fertilizer order of effect on bamboo shoots and new bamboos was:silicon > potassium, nitrogen > phosphorus. For the number and rate of bamboo shoot deterioration, the order turned to be as:ilicon > potassium > phosphorus > nitrogen. And for bamboo shoots and new bamboos, there were very significant differences among different disposals of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon, but the number of bamboo shoot deterioration was not significantly different.It was recommended that annual fertilization rate was 650 g urea, 400 g calcium superphosphate,120g potassium chloride and 600g silicon fertilizer for each clump of bamboos in calcareous purple soil.
In order to obtain the suitable formula fertilization of Dendrocalamus farinosus,the formula fertilization was conducted for Dendrocalamus farinosus with the fertilizers of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon by the way of L9(34)orthogonal design in calcareous purple soil in Muchuan County of Leshan City, Sichuan Province. The results showed that the fertilizer order of effect on bamboo shoots and new bamboos was:silicon > potassium, nitrogen > phosphorus. For the number and rate of bamboo shoot deterioration, the order turned to be as:ilicon > potassium > phosphorus > nitrogen. And for bamboo shoots and new bamboos, there were very significant differences among different disposals of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon, but the number of bamboo shoot deterioration was not significantly different.It was recommended that annual fertilization rate was 650 g urea, 400 g calcium superphosphate,120g potassium chloride and 600g silicon fertilizer for each clump of bamboos in calcareous purple soil.
2019, 40(2): 42-47.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.010
Abstract:
The tissue culture technique was selected for Cinnamomum longepaniculatum to breed excellent nursery stock, by analyzing and comparing the influence of disinfectant varieties, concentration and action time, MS medium, 6-BA, NAA and IBA on tissue culture of annual shoots. The results showed that contamination rates were no higher than 15% and survival rates were higher than 70%, under 10% of 84 disinfectant treatment for 15min, or 15% of 84 disinfectant treatment for 10 min. The optimum medium for adventitious bud regeneration was sucrose 30 g·L-1+carrageenan 6 g·L-1+MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+ IBA 0.1 mg·L-1; The medium for multiplication of adventitious buds was sucrose 30 g·L-1+carrageenan 6 g·L-1+MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.10 mg·L-1+IBA 0.2 mg·L-1; The rooting medium was sucrose 15 g·L-1+carrageenan 6 g·L-1+1/2MS+IBA 1.5 mg·L-1+NAA 1.0 mg·L-1.
The tissue culture technique was selected for Cinnamomum longepaniculatum to breed excellent nursery stock, by analyzing and comparing the influence of disinfectant varieties, concentration and action time, MS medium, 6-BA, NAA and IBA on tissue culture of annual shoots. The results showed that contamination rates were no higher than 15% and survival rates were higher than 70%, under 10% of 84 disinfectant treatment for 15min, or 15% of 84 disinfectant treatment for 10 min. The optimum medium for adventitious bud regeneration was sucrose 30 g·L-1+carrageenan 6 g·L-1+MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+ IBA 0.1 mg·L-1; The medium for multiplication of adventitious buds was sucrose 30 g·L-1+carrageenan 6 g·L-1+MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.10 mg·L-1+IBA 0.2 mg·L-1; The rooting medium was sucrose 15 g·L-1+carrageenan 6 g·L-1+1/2MS+IBA 1.5 mg·L-1+NAA 1.0 mg·L-1.
2019, 40(2): 48-52.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.011
Abstract:
In order to explore the grafting and seedling raising technology for non-stinging Zanthoxylum japonica,experimental researches were conduced on the grafting method and the seedling raising. The results showed that (1) The best time for grafting of Z.japonica in spring was from late February to mid-March. The best grafting method was single-bud cutting, with an average survival rate of 85.7% and a maximum of 94.1%. (2) The best time for grafting of Z.japonica in summer was from the end of June to the beginning of July. The best grafting method was the block grafting, with an average of 51.9% and the highest rate of 77.6%. (3) Four varieties of Z. armatum DC and Z.japonica had high grafting affinity. The average survival rate, average high growth and average ground diameter growth of grafted seedlings were the highest with Z.armatum as rootstocks.
In order to explore the grafting and seedling raising technology for non-stinging Zanthoxylum japonica,experimental researches were conduced on the grafting method and the seedling raising. The results showed that (1) The best time for grafting of Z.japonica in spring was from late February to mid-March. The best grafting method was single-bud cutting, with an average survival rate of 85.7% and a maximum of 94.1%. (2) The best time for grafting of Z.japonica in summer was from the end of June to the beginning of July. The best grafting method was the block grafting, with an average of 51.9% and the highest rate of 77.6%. (3) Four varieties of Z. armatum DC and Z.japonica had high grafting affinity. The average survival rate, average high growth and average ground diameter growth of grafted seedlings were the highest with Z.armatum as rootstocks.
2019, 40(2): 53-57.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.012
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the microwave blanching effects of different power on the enzyme activity and sensory quality of Zanthoxylum schinifolium. The results showed that reasonable microwave blanching enhanced the sensory quality of Z. schinifolium, and had a good effect of enzyme suppression; Excessive microwave blanching led to negative results such as brown stain and water loss to Z. schinifolium. To keep the quality of Z. schinifolium, the effect was relatively better by use of the microwave power of 400 W,and the blanching time of 40s, and the relative enzyme activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase was 52.73% and 62.82% respectively.
The purpose of this study was to determine the microwave blanching effects of different power on the enzyme activity and sensory quality of Zanthoxylum schinifolium. The results showed that reasonable microwave blanching enhanced the sensory quality of Z. schinifolium, and had a good effect of enzyme suppression; Excessive microwave blanching led to negative results such as brown stain and water loss to Z. schinifolium. To keep the quality of Z. schinifolium, the effect was relatively better by use of the microwave power of 400 W,and the blanching time of 40s, and the relative enzyme activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase was 52.73% and 62.82% respectively.
2019, 40(2): 58-61.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.013
Abstract:
The seeds were treated by 0(ck),0.25%,1.00%,2.00%,3.00% aqueous extract form Ageratina adenophora in order to investigate the allelopathy on seed germination and growth of Neosinocalamus affinis. The results showed that the aqueous extract of A.adenophora had a significant impact on seed germination and growth of N. affinis. At low concentrations, the aqueous extract improved the germination percentage and germination potential; As the concentration increased, the germination percentage and potential decreased significantly; The fresh weight, root-shoot ratio increased and then fell down; The MDA content and SOD activity were positively related to the concentration of aqueous extract; The POD activity also increased and then fell down, but still higher than those in the control group(0.00%). It suggested that the higher concentration of aqueous extracts would ignificantly inhibit the seed germination and growth of N. affinis, there was a potential threat to the production and operation of bamboo forest.
The seeds were treated by 0(ck),0.25%,1.00%,2.00%,3.00% aqueous extract form Ageratina adenophora in order to investigate the allelopathy on seed germination and growth of Neosinocalamus affinis. The results showed that the aqueous extract of A.adenophora had a significant impact on seed germination and growth of N. affinis. At low concentrations, the aqueous extract improved the germination percentage and germination potential; As the concentration increased, the germination percentage and potential decreased significantly; The fresh weight, root-shoot ratio increased and then fell down; The MDA content and SOD activity were positively related to the concentration of aqueous extract; The POD activity also increased and then fell down, but still higher than those in the control group(0.00%). It suggested that the higher concentration of aqueous extracts would ignificantly inhibit the seed germination and growth of N. affinis, there was a potential threat to the production and operation of bamboo forest.
2019, 40(2): 62-68.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.014
Abstract:
National Nature Reserves are important carriers for promoting ecological civilization, extablishing national ecological security and building a beautiful China. In order to provide an example for the protection of ecological environment and the rational use of natural resources, the Micangshan National Nature Reserve(hereinafter referred to as Micangshan Reserve) was taken as the research area, and two issues of remote sensing data acquired in 2016 and 2017 were used to delineate cultivated land, construction land, unused land (artificial factors) and forestland, grassland, water wetland (natural factors) in ArcGIS by means of human-computer Interactive Interpretation to monitor the status of land use/coverage in the nature reserves and analyze the ecological environment changes and their driving forces. The results showed that the conversion trend of land use/coverage types was from artificial factors to natural factors in 2016 to 2017, and the main type was from cultivated land to forest land. By selecting the strata lithology, terrain slope, water resource factors, climate precipitation which were closely related to the ecological environment and human factors, the changes of eco-environment in Micangshan Reserve were the result of the interaction of natural and human factors. The policy-driven population reduction was the direct cause. The results also provided an important basis for the eco-environmental protection work of the relevant regulatory departments of the protected areas.
National Nature Reserves are important carriers for promoting ecological civilization, extablishing national ecological security and building a beautiful China. In order to provide an example for the protection of ecological environment and the rational use of natural resources, the Micangshan National Nature Reserve(hereinafter referred to as Micangshan Reserve) was taken as the research area, and two issues of remote sensing data acquired in 2016 and 2017 were used to delineate cultivated land, construction land, unused land (artificial factors) and forestland, grassland, water wetland (natural factors) in ArcGIS by means of human-computer Interactive Interpretation to monitor the status of land use/coverage in the nature reserves and analyze the ecological environment changes and their driving forces. The results showed that the conversion trend of land use/coverage types was from artificial factors to natural factors in 2016 to 2017, and the main type was from cultivated land to forest land. By selecting the strata lithology, terrain slope, water resource factors, climate precipitation which were closely related to the ecological environment and human factors, the changes of eco-environment in Micangshan Reserve were the result of the interaction of natural and human factors. The policy-driven population reduction was the direct cause. The results also provided an important basis for the eco-environmental protection work of the relevant regulatory departments of the protected areas.
2019, 40(2): 69-74.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.015
Abstract:
Based on the static life table of population and the theory of survival analysis, studies were made of the structure and quantitative dynamic characteristics of Cercidiphyllum japonicum populations by using the method of survival function analysis in Tangjiahe Nature Reserve. The results showed that (1) the age structures of C. japonicum populations were like a pyramidal shape, and the number of younger individuals was relative less, while that of mid and older individuals was relative greater; (2) There was a similar variation trend in population mortality and vanishing rate curve, and the peak value appeared in the second age-class, which indicated the seedling mortality was higher, and the survival curve of population tended to be Deevey-type Ⅱ. (3) The population size of these populations would decrease sharply in the early stage, become relatively stable in the middle and late stages, and gradually decline in the last stage. The populations were in the early stage of decline at present.
Based on the static life table of population and the theory of survival analysis, studies were made of the structure and quantitative dynamic characteristics of Cercidiphyllum japonicum populations by using the method of survival function analysis in Tangjiahe Nature Reserve. The results showed that (1) the age structures of C. japonicum populations were like a pyramidal shape, and the number of younger individuals was relative less, while that of mid and older individuals was relative greater; (2) There was a similar variation trend in population mortality and vanishing rate curve, and the peak value appeared in the second age-class, which indicated the seedling mortality was higher, and the survival curve of population tended to be Deevey-type Ⅱ. (3) The population size of these populations would decrease sharply in the early stage, become relatively stable in the middle and late stages, and gradually decline in the last stage. The populations were in the early stage of decline at present.
2019, 40(2): 75-79.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.016
Abstract:
Benefiting from strict protection for giant pandas in nature reserves, the population size of Budorcas taxicolor increased rapidly in recent years. The population distribution was surveyed together with the spatio-temporal dynamic change in Wolong National Nature Reserve, from 2005 to 2008. In most areas (ocupying 93.33% of the reserve), traces of B. taxicolor were found, and the total encountered times and encountered rates showed no significant difference for each year, which might mean the increased population size and distribution area in this reserve. B. taxicolor mainly scattered in the places with less human disturbance especially in summer and autumn, and moved to the mid-mountain in winter. Managers should prohibit villagers entering higher places, to avoid disturbing B. taxicolor, or be hurt by them.
Benefiting from strict protection for giant pandas in nature reserves, the population size of Budorcas taxicolor increased rapidly in recent years. The population distribution was surveyed together with the spatio-temporal dynamic change in Wolong National Nature Reserve, from 2005 to 2008. In most areas (ocupying 93.33% of the reserve), traces of B. taxicolor were found, and the total encountered times and encountered rates showed no significant difference for each year, which might mean the increased population size and distribution area in this reserve. B. taxicolor mainly scattered in the places with less human disturbance especially in summer and autumn, and moved to the mid-mountain in winter. Managers should prohibit villagers entering higher places, to avoid disturbing B. taxicolor, or be hurt by them.
2019, 40(2): 80-83.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.017
Abstract:
To strengthen the evelopment and management of nature reserves, it is necessary to find out the current situation of land use in nature reserves. Based on the analysis and statistics of the land use in forestry nature reserves of Sichuan province, some suggestions were put forward on the monitoring and management of the nature reserve, such as optimizing the rational distribution, perfecting the functional regionalization, reducing human impacts, improving the quality of forest land and increasing the degree of protection.
To strengthen the evelopment and management of nature reserves, it is necessary to find out the current situation of land use in nature reserves. Based on the analysis and statistics of the land use in forestry nature reserves of Sichuan province, some suggestions were put forward on the monitoring and management of the nature reserve, such as optimizing the rational distribution, perfecting the functional regionalization, reducing human impacts, improving the quality of forest land and increasing the degree of protection.
2019, 40(2): 84-87.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.018
Abstract:
In this Study, Phyllostachys edulis bamboo was treated by silicone quaternary ammonium salt.The anti-mildew effects on bamboo were analyzed in several ways of reagent concentration, pressure and processing time, the drug loadings were determined in different treats. and the influence was analyzed on mechanical properties of treated bamboo. The results showed that the reagent concentration was the most significant affection factor in anti-mildew preservation process. The best anti-mildew preservation process included 1.5% reagent concentration, 60 minutes of press time, and 0.1 MPa of pressure. The main mechanical properties decreased slightlyas compared to untreated ones, but there were no significant differences between treated and untreated samples.
In this Study, Phyllostachys edulis bamboo was treated by silicone quaternary ammonium salt.The anti-mildew effects on bamboo were analyzed in several ways of reagent concentration, pressure and processing time, the drug loadings were determined in different treats. and the influence was analyzed on mechanical properties of treated bamboo. The results showed that the reagent concentration was the most significant affection factor in anti-mildew preservation process. The best anti-mildew preservation process included 1.5% reagent concentration, 60 minutes of press time, and 0.1 MPa of pressure. The main mechanical properties decreased slightlyas compared to untreated ones, but there were no significant differences between treated and untreated samples.
2019, 40(2): 88-90.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.019
Abstract:
Four pesticides of 3 concentrations were used against Aphis gossypii both in lab and in the field. The results showed that avermectin of 1.8% EC and imidacloprid of 10% WP had the best effect, therefore they were the recommended chemical pesticides against A. gossypii.
Four pesticides of 3 concentrations were used against Aphis gossypii both in lab and in the field. The results showed that avermectin of 1.8% EC and imidacloprid of 10% WP had the best effect, therefore they were the recommended chemical pesticides against A. gossypii.
2019, 40(2): 91-93,104.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.020
Abstract:
The insect pest is one of the most important limiting factors for the plant growth. The ecological control of agricultural and forestry pests is an important task at present. In this paper, a "cobweb" trap was made to imitate the principle of cobweb trapping. The relationship was studied between the number and species of trapped insects, the time of trapped insect on the "cobweb" trap, the way of insect pests on the "cobweb" trap and its net diameter. The results showed that while the "cobweb" trap coated with 1 mm glue and the net aperture was 1 cm×1 cm, there were the most trapped insects on the "cobweb" trap. The size of the net could be adjusted to catch the insects of a certain size efficiently. By combining the "cobweb" trap with the insect attractant, the directional and efficient trapping of specific insects could be realized. The "cobweb" trap was simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving, and had an important practical application value.
The insect pest is one of the most important limiting factors for the plant growth. The ecological control of agricultural and forestry pests is an important task at present. In this paper, a "cobweb" trap was made to imitate the principle of cobweb trapping. The relationship was studied between the number and species of trapped insects, the time of trapped insect on the "cobweb" trap, the way of insect pests on the "cobweb" trap and its net diameter. The results showed that while the "cobweb" trap coated with 1 mm glue and the net aperture was 1 cm×1 cm, there were the most trapped insects on the "cobweb" trap. The size of the net could be adjusted to catch the insects of a certain size efficiently. By combining the "cobweb" trap with the insect attractant, the directional and efficient trapping of specific insects could be realized. The "cobweb" trap was simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving, and had an important practical application value.
2019, 40(2): 94-98.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.021
Abstract:
In order to find out the best way to preserve the genetic diversity of Cupressus chengiana, transplantation experiments were carried out together with reports on germplasm resource preservation methods in Maerkang city in two aspects. The first experiment was to study effects of different transplanting time, tree age and pruning ratio on the transplanting. A total of 216 individuals were transplanted and 8 survived, with a survival rate of 3.70%. It was concluded that factors might directly affect the transplantation survival rate, such as developed main roots, less fibrous roots, poor soil and high gravel content, direct injury of transplantation implementation and incomplete similarity of transplantation environment. 2) The second experiment was to compare methods of in-situ conservation, ex-situ transplantation, seed collection and seedling raising, and storage in germplasm resource bank. It should be protected by establishing seed orchards, collecting seeds, raising seedlings, storing in storage, when in-situ conservation was not feasible.
In order to find out the best way to preserve the genetic diversity of Cupressus chengiana, transplantation experiments were carried out together with reports on germplasm resource preservation methods in Maerkang city in two aspects. The first experiment was to study effects of different transplanting time, tree age and pruning ratio on the transplanting. A total of 216 individuals were transplanted and 8 survived, with a survival rate of 3.70%. It was concluded that factors might directly affect the transplantation survival rate, such as developed main roots, less fibrous roots, poor soil and high gravel content, direct injury of transplantation implementation and incomplete similarity of transplantation environment. 2) The second experiment was to compare methods of in-situ conservation, ex-situ transplantation, seed collection and seedling raising, and storage in germplasm resource bank. It should be protected by establishing seed orchards, collecting seeds, raising seedlings, storing in storage, when in-situ conservation was not feasible.
2019, 40(2): 99-104.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.022
Abstract:
The marsh wetland is an important part of wetland ecosystems, which occupied a large proportion of the natural wetland area in China. As the source, sink and converter of nitrogen, its structure and function significantly affected the nitrogen cycle. The process of nitrogen circulation in marsh wetlands was summarized in different respects, including existence forms, input, immobilization, transformation and influence factor of nitrogen in marsh wetlands, and analysis was made of the ecological environmental effect caused by the nitrogen cycle. At last, a further research was prospected on the nitrogen cycle in marsh wetlands in the future.
The marsh wetland is an important part of wetland ecosystems, which occupied a large proportion of the natural wetland area in China. As the source, sink and converter of nitrogen, its structure and function significantly affected the nitrogen cycle. The process of nitrogen circulation in marsh wetlands was summarized in different respects, including existence forms, input, immobilization, transformation and influence factor of nitrogen in marsh wetlands, and analysis was made of the ecological environmental effect caused by the nitrogen cycle. At last, a further research was prospected on the nitrogen cycle in marsh wetlands in the future.
2019, 40(2): 105-108.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.02.023
Abstract:
On the background of national supply-side structural reform, big health industry and forestry transformation and upgrading, opportunities coexisted with challenges in forest health and wellness tourism, which was a new force in forestry development and forest tourism. By analyzing a large number of domestic and foreign scholars' literatures and monographs, the development status and research progress were summarized for forest health and wellness tourism at home and abroad, and the future research direction was proposed. It was expected to provide certain reference significance for Chinese forest health and wellness tourism, both in theoretical research and in industrial practice development.
On the background of national supply-side structural reform, big health industry and forestry transformation and upgrading, opportunities coexisted with challenges in forest health and wellness tourism, which was a new force in forestry development and forest tourism. By analyzing a large number of domestic and foreign scholars' literatures and monographs, the development status and research progress were summarized for forest health and wellness tourism at home and abroad, and the future research direction was proposed. It was expected to provide certain reference significance for Chinese forest health and wellness tourism, both in theoretical research and in industrial practice development.
