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2021 Vol. 42 Issue 1

2021 Vol. 42, No. 1 Catalogue

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Research Reports
Main Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Forest Fire in Mianning County
SHENG Xingjun
2021, 42(1): 1-5. doi: 10.12172/202009040001
Abstract:
Liangshan Prefecture is one of the high risk areas of forest fires in Sichuan Province and even in the whole China. Based on the analysis of forest fire data and meteorological data in recent 14 years, the relationship between the forest fire frequency and human factors such as anthropogenic factors, meteorological factors and vegetation types was discussed. The results showed that anthropogenic factor was the main influencing factor of forest fire in Mianning County, and the most important period for forest fire prevention was from January to March every year. The Pinus yunnanensis forest area was the crucial area for regional forest fire prevention.
Research Reports
Research on Soil Characteristics of Different Damaged Woodlands in Jiuzhaigou County
YE Song, LIU Shaomou, DENG Dongzhou, ZHUANG Wenhua, LI Zhuo, PAN Hongli, DIAO Yuanbin, LIU Yuping
2021, 42(1): 6-10. doi: 10.12172/202011070001
Abstract:
In order to explore the distribution situations of physical and chemical characteristics of different woodlands damaged in Jiuzhaigou earthquake and further improve the rationality of the rapid restoration model of forest-grass vegetation in the damaged habitat, the soil physical and chemical properties of different plots were analyzed according to the degree of earthquake damage in the study area. The results showed that: (1) The soil bulk density first decreased and then increased with the increasing degree of earthquake damage. (2) The contents of available phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen are positively correlated with the degree of earthquake damage, while the contents of available potassium and nitrate nitrogen showed the opposite pattern. Therefore, targeted soil improvement should be carried out according to the soil physical and chemical properties of different earthquake-damaged plots, in order to improve the recovery speed of forest-grass vegetation restoration, and enhance the supporting conditions of soil fertility in various restoration models.
Research Reports
Effects of Different Restoration Models on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Stoichiometry in Junzhaigou Earthquake-stricken Landslides
XIAN Ting, DONG Tingfa, DENG Dongzhou, PAN Hongli, DIAO Yuanbin, LIU Yuping
2021, 42(1): 11-15. doi: 10.12172/202011080001
Abstract:
According to the comparison of soil carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry characteristics between natural restoration after earthquake (NR), artificial restoration after earthquake (AR) and natural vegetation without earthquake (CK) in Jiuzhaigou country, it could provide theoretical basis for rapid restoration of landslide damaged by Jiuzhaigou earthquake. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the soil without earthquake damage, the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN) in landslides with earthquake-damaged vegetation were lower than that on CK, but the pH value and C/N were higher. (2) The total vegetation coverage, SOC, TN and AN contents under artificial restoration were higher than those under natural restoration. (3) SOC was positively correlated with TN or AN, but negatively correlated with pH or C/N. These short-term results indicated that artificial restoration was better for vegetation recovery of earthquake-stricken landslides than natural restoration. In addition, it is suggested that nitrogen-fixing plants should be planted in the future vegetation restoration.
Research Reports
Response of Soil Microbial Community Structure to Land Use Types Based on High-throughput Sequencing Analysis
DENG Chuxuan, ZHOU Ying, LI Shangguan, LIU Xingke, WANG Wenjuan, LI Xi, SUN Lingxia, LUO Chunlan, LI Xiang, HUANG Yumei
2021, 42(1): 16-24. doi: 10.12172/202009190001
Abstract:
In order to investigate the effects of different land use types on soil microbial community, soil bacteria and fungi under five common land use types (urban greenland, farmland, plantation woodland, tidal wetland, abandoned farmland) in Pengzhou were investigated by using high-throughput sequencing technique (MiSeq). The results showed that: (1) A total 37 phyla, 106 classes, 278 orders, 491 families, 959 genera, 2137 species of soil bacteria were dectected. The main dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi. There were 1033 species of soil fungi belonging to 627 genera, 295 families, 118 orders, 46 classes, 17 phyla, and the dominant phyla were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. (2) There were significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties and the soil microbial diversity under five land use types. Soil microbial diversity was low in farmland but higher in urban greenland and tidal wetland. While in plantation woodland, there was less bacterial diversity and more fungal diversity. Pearson correlation analysis and RDA analysis revealed that soil physical and chemical properties had strong impacts on soil bacterial diversity, but had little influence on fungi. At the same time, soil pH was the main environmental factor affecting microbial diversity and community structure in this study. The results showed that continuous Chinese fir plantation and crop cultivation reduced the microbial diversity, while urban green land and tidal wetland provided a stable living environment for soil microorganisms, which indicated that different land use types had significant impacts on soil microbial community structure and diversity.
Research Reports
Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals in the Place of Giant Panda Staple Food Bamboo
LIU Yong, LI Junqing, LIU Zhengxiao, SUI Yani, LAN Fei, XIONG Shusheng, HE Min, LUO Liang, LIU Yue, HE Pin
2021, 42(1): 25-28. doi: 10.12172/202008110002
Abstract:
Based on the investigation and analysis of heavy metal elements As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb and Cu in the soil of the Huaying Mountain karst areas where Giant panda's staple food bamboo is produced, the environmental quality of local soil heavy metals in the local soil was evaluated by single pollution index method, comprehensive pollution index method and correlation analysis method. The results showed that: (1) The single factor pollution index of the six heavy metals in the study area was less than 0.7, and the comprehensive pollution index was also less than 0.7. (2) There was a significant positive correlation between Hg and pH value, Hg and As, a significant positive correlation between Pb and Cu, and a significant negative correlation between As and Pb, As and Cr. The soil environment in the karst area of the Huaying Mountain is clean and free of pollution, which provides a guarantee for the growth and development of bamboo, the staple food of Giant pandas, and is also conducive to the future release of Giant pandas here.
Research Reports
Research on Soil Fertility Quality under Different Land Use Types in Mountainous Areas of Chongqing
YE Rungen, CHEN Guojian, WANG Zhen, HE Qian, ZHANG Chunye
2021, 42(1): 29-34. doi: 10.12172/202010190005
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to reveal the soil fertility status under different land use types in a small mountainous watershed in Chongqing, and to provide a basis for soil fertility management. Three different land use types were selected and a total of 81 samples were collected to analyze the soil nutrient status and fertility quality in a small mountainous watershed in Nanchuan District, Chongqing. The results showed that the soil in the study area was severely acidified, and forest land had the highest organic matter content. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available phosphorus were abundant in dryland, while total potassium and available potassium were generally lacking. The comprehensive soil fertility index ranged from 0.2 to 0.9, with an average value of 0.54. The soil fertility quality in the study area was moderately low, and the order of fertility quality under different land use types was ranked as dryland (0.57) > forest land (0.51)> paddy field (0.48). The higher fertility level in drylands indicated that the importance of human management measures and scientific soil fertilization treatment, while the higher fertility level in forested land than in unused agricultural land indicated the importance of proper returning farmland to forest.
Research Reports
Distribution Characteristics of Soil Readily Oxidizable Organic Carbon in Pinus Massoniana Plantation under Different Low-efficiency Transformation Measures
WANG Yali, XU Wucheng, DU Zhong
2021, 42(1): 35-39. doi: 10.12172/202006070001
Abstract:
Through the transformation experiment of Pinus massoniana low-efficiency plantation, the effects of three different transformation measures (forest clear cutting and rebuilding measure, supplementary forest planting and intermittent cutting measure, pure forest: control) on the content of soil readily oxidizable organic carbon (ROOC) were compared. The results showed that under the same transformation measures, the ROOC content in different soil layers gradually decreased with the increasing of soil layers, and the ROOC content in 0−20 cm soil layer was higher than that in 20−40 cm soil layer. Under the same soil layer, the ROOC content was different under different transformation measures, and the order was shown as: forest clear cutting and rebuilding < big forest gap replanting and thinning < small forest gap replanting and thinning < pure masson pine plantation. The results indicated that at the beginning of the transformation, soil organic carbon decomposition rate accelerated and the ROOC content decreased, and the larger the transformation area, the greater the degree of reduction. These differences were especially obvious in the surface 0−20 cm topsoil, and decreased with the increasing depth of the soil layer.
Research Reports
Effect of Gauze Bag Color on Visiting Behaviors of Impatiens oxyanthera Pollinators in Different Time Periods
ZHONG Nandie, LI Dengfei, YANG Youqin, WEI Lijun, WANG Qiong
2021, 42(1): 40-46. doi: 10.12172/202010150003
Abstract:
The impacts of nectar robbing on the reproductive success of plants is still controversial. The ecological consequences and mechanisms of nectar robbing can be effectively studied by using gauze bags to isolate nectar robbers and create a control treatment without nectar robbers. However, gauze bag color may interfere with pollinators because pollinators prefer flowers with a certain color. In this study, in order to screen the color of gauze bags with the least interference with pollinators, four kinds of gauze bags with different colors (black, white, red and green) were designed for bagging nectar spur. Natural nectar spurs without bagging were used as the control treatment to compare the differences in visiting frequency of pollinators and visiting duration time on single flower of Impatiens oxyanthera among five treatments in the six time periods in a day. The results showed that: (1) The visiting frequency of pollinators was significantly different among five treatments. The visiting frequency of pollinators to flowers with white gauze bag was closed to that of the control which was the highest, and the visiting frequency of black gauze bag treatment was the lowest, which was significantly different from the other four treatments. The gauze bag color had no significant effect on visiting duration time of pollinators on single flower. (2) The observation time period had a significantly effect on the visiting frequency and visiting duration time of pollinators on single flower. The most frequent visits occurred from 14:30 to 15:00 and the longest visiting duration time of pollinators was from 9:30 to 9:50 am. The results indicated that when isolating the nectar robbers, the white gauze bag had less interference on the pollinator's visiting behaviors, while the black one had the greatest interference. This study provided an important method reference for researching the effects of nectar robbing on plant-pollinator mutualisms through isolating nectar robber with gauze bag.
Research Reports
Time-series Characteristics and Influencing Factors of pH Value in the Qingfeng Gorge Section of the Jialing River from 2007 to 2017
HU Cuihua, LIU Shoujiang, YANG Dan, WANG Xuxi
2021, 42(1): 47-51. doi: 10.12172/202007150001
Abstract:
Based on the survey data of river water quality in the Qingfeng Gorge section, Guangyuan section of the Jialing River, the temporal characteristics of river water pH value in the Qingfeng Gorge section from 2007 to 2017 were analyzed by literature method and statistical method, and explored the causes and influencing factors. The results showed that: 1) The interannual change of the pH value was small in the Qingfeng Gorge, which fluctuated around 8.21 all the year round. The water body was slightly alkaline, showing a downward trend on the whole; 2) In terms of seasonal variation, the pH value in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn, and the mean pH value was spring (8.29) > winter (8.25) > autumn (8.16) > summer (8.14); 3) The weekly variation of pH value was small, with low dispersion and stable change; 4) From the analysis of seasonal variation of pH value, it could be concluded that precipitation was the most significant factor that causeing the change of pH value in the river. There was a significant negative correlation between pH value and DO, CODMN and NH3-N, which indicated that human activities caused the change of pH value of water body to some extent.
Ecological Development
Dynamic Analysis of Landscape Ecological Pattern in Zoige Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province
FENG Jia, DONG Xin, ZHAO Shanshan
2021, 42(1): 52-59. doi: 10.12172/202007060002
Abstract:
Zoige Nature Reserve in Sichuan province is not only an important water resource conservation area, but also one of the key biodiversity areas in China. Dynamic analysis of landscape ecological pattern in this area is beneficial for scientific protection and utilization of wetland resources in Zoige Plateau. In this paper, Landsat5 TM images in 2004 and 2009 and Landsat8 OLI remote sensing data in 2014, 2016 were selected, and the landscape of the study area was divided into lakes, swamps, high-coverage meadows, low-coverage meadows, swamped meadows and desertification by using supervised classification method after the preprocessing of registration, fusion and cropping of images in different phases in ENVI5.5 software platform. At last, eight major landscape indexes were selected using Fragstats4.2 software, and the landscape pattern of Zoige Nature Reserve was compared and analyzed at patch types and landscape levels. The results showed that: (1) From 2004 to 2016, the landscape such as swamps and swamped meadows shifted to low-coverage and high-coverage meadows; (2) From 2004 to 2016, the swamp area gradually decreased. After 2009, the swamp area tended to be stable and the decreasing rate slowed down; (3) In a word, the basic landscape ecological pattern of Zoige Nature Reserve has slight change, and the meadow is the most dominant landscape type in the study area.
Ecological Development
Coupling Mechanism of Grazing Exclusion Period and Recovery Processes in Alpine Desertification Grassland in Northwest Sichuan
HUANG Yi, ZHAO Cong, YANG Yang, LIU Ke, MOU Qiuyu, YANG Lin, HU Jinyao
2021, 42(1): 60-64. doi: 10.12172/202004260001
Abstract:
In the process of ecological restoration of grazing exclusion desertification grassland in northest Sichuan, the variation characteristics of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and hydrolytic nitrogen in 0−40 cm soil layer of unrestored sandy land, and grazing exclusion grassland with ecological restoration time of 5 and 10 years respectively were studied. The results showed that with the increase of grazing exclusion time, the vegetation coverage and height increased significantly, and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in each soil layer increased, especially in 0−20 cm soil layer. After 10 years of grazing exclusion, the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in sandy land increased by 34.05% and 27.89% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in unrestored desertification grassland. However, the content of soil hydrolytic nitrogen in each soil layer decreased at first and then increased. In 0−20 cm soil layer, the hydrolytic nitrogen content of the fenced desertification grassland with 5-year grazing exclusion decreased by 23.80% compared with that of the unrestored desertification grassland. Compared with 5-year grazing exclusion sandy grassland, the hydrolytic nitrogen increases by 24.19% in 10-year grazing exclusion sandy grassland. In the soil layer of 20−40 cm, the hydrolytic nitrogen content of sandy grassland with 5-year grazing exclusion decreased by 31.49% compared with that of the unrestored desertification grassland, and the hydrolytic nitrogen content of desertification grassland with 10-year grazing exclusion increased by 1.13% compared with that of the 5-year grazing exclusion desertification grassland.
Ecological Development
Screening and Evaluation of Suitable Shrubs for Sand Control in Alpine Sandy Land of Northwest Sichuan Based on AHP Analysis
CHEN Dechao, DA Langzhou, YAN Wuxian, DENG Dongzhoui, HE Li, WU Shilei, YU Lingfan, YANG Jingyu, WANG Jiazhi, ZHANG Li
2021, 42(1): 65-69. doi: 10.12172/201905210001
Abstract:
In order to further solve the problems of single plant material for desertification control in northwest Sichuan, based on the investigation of desert plant germplasm resources in northwest Sichuan, the hierarchical structure model for screening suitable sand control shrubs in alpine sandy land in northwest Sichuan was established by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Eight excellent suitable sand control shrubs were selected from 31 native shrubs, which can provide scientific basis for the selection of suitable sand control shrubs for vegetation restoration in alpine sandy land in northwest Sichuan.
Ecological Development
Habitat Suitability Evaluation of Four Ungulate Species in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve Based on MaxEnt Model
WEN Ping, PENG Ke, CHEN Xu, WEI Yi, YANG Zhisong, DAI Qiang
2021, 42(1): 70-75. doi: 10.12172/202007210001
Abstract:
MaxEnt model was used to evaluate habitat suitability of four ungulate protected species in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve. The results were as follows: (1) After 20 repetitions, the AUC values of training sets of Impala, Iguana, forest musk deer and Antelope were 0.962, 0.947, 0.924 and 0.945, respectively; (2) The suitable habitats for Impala, Iguana, forest musk deer and Antelope accounted for 14%, 27%, 25% and 24% of the total area of the reserve respectively, while the sub-suitable habitats account for 27%, 19%, 35% and 34% of the total area of the reserve, and the unsuitable habitats accounted for 59%, 54%, 40% and 42% of the total area of the reserve respectively. (3) The three largest environmental factors that contributed the most to Impala were slope aspect, slope and deciduous thickets. To Iguana, the three factors were bamboo forest, cultivated bamboo forest, and deciduous thickets. To forest musk deer, the three factors were slope, deciduous shrub and bamboo forest. And to Antelope, the three factors were slope aspect, bamboo forest and deciduous broad-leaved forest.
Ecological Development
The Activity Rhythm Survey of Ungulates in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve Based on Infrared Camera Trapping
PENG Ke, CHEN Xu, WEN Ping, WEI Yi, YANG Zhisong, DAI Qiang
2021, 42(1): 76-82. doi: 10.12172/202007010001
Abstract:
From June 2017 to September 2018, an infrared camera-trapping survey was used to study the activity rhythm of ungulate species in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, Sichuan. The results showed that: (1) Six ungulates species were found in the nature reserve, namely Budorcas taxicolor, Naemorhedus goral, Capricornis sumatraensis, Moschus berezovskii, Elaphodus cephalophus and Sus scrofa. Relative abundance analysis results showed that the highest were Naemorhedus goral (RAI=42.9) and Elaphodus cephalophus (RAI=32.6), which were significantly higher than other species. The rest were Moschus berezovskii (RAI=13.2), Capricornis sumatraensis (RAI=4.8), Budorcas taxicolor (RAI=3.8), and the least was Sus scrofa (RAI=2.7).(2) On the annual activity pattern, Naemorhedus goral was similar to Elaphodus cephalophus, Budorcas taxicolor was similar to Sus scrofa, and Moschus berezovskii deer had the strongest activity in May, and Capricornis sumatraensis had the strongest activity in August. (3) The daily activity rhythms of the 6 ungulates showed that the daily activity rhythms of Naemorhedus goral and Elaphodus cephalophus were relatively similar, with the peak time of activity at 6:00–10:00 and 18:00–20:00. The activity peak time of Moschus berezovskii appeared at 20:00–22:00; Capricornis sumatraensis appeared at 6:00–8:00; Budorcas taxicolor appeared at 8:00–10:00; Sus scrofa appeared from 14:00 to 16:00. The activity rhythms of the 6 ungulates changed with the change of seasons. (4) According to the nocturnal behavior survey, among all six animal species, Moschus berezovskii was a typical nocturnal animal, Elaphodus cephalophus was not obvious, and Budorcas taxicolor, Naemorhedus goral, Capricornis sumatraensis, Sus scrofa had no obvious nocturnal behavior.
Ecological Development
Migration Routes and Stopover Sites of Black-necked Cranes in Yingjing County, Sichuan Province
WANG Cong, CHENG Yong, ZHU Hengda, WEI Dingju, LI Bo, ZHANG Yang, YAO Yongfang, NI Qingyong
2021, 42(1): 83-90. doi: 10.12172/202008100001
Abstract:
The black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis), listed as the National first-class key protected wild animals, has always been well documented in migration routes and dynamics, which is of significance to the protection of this endangered species. As one of the most important areas for migration of black-necked cranes, Yingjing county received less systematic monitoring and targeted management for a long time. In this study, the population dynamics, migration routes and stopover sites of black-necked cranes in Yingjing county from 2015 to 2017 were investigated and monitored, and the habitats of stopover sites were evaluated.. The results indicated that most of the individuals tended to migrate through the western areas of Yingjing county in spring, while they tended to migrate back to their wintering area through the eastern areas of Yingjing county in autumn. Xinmiao and Longcanggou town, characterized by high vegetation cover and less anthropogenic disturbances, were considered as the representative stopover areas of the black-necked cranes in Yingjing county in spring and autumn respectively. It is highly recommended to set up two mini nature reserves separately in the west and east of Yingjing county, and reduce human activities in March and November in stopover areas to ensure the natural migration pattern of black-necked cranes.
Forestry Industry
Responses of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Two Somaclone Mutants of Dendrocalamus farinosus under Low Temperature Stress
ZHANG Li, CHEN Hong, WANG Zhun, LONG Zhijian, SUN Peng, HU Shanglian
2021, 42(1): 91-95. doi: 10.12172/202007190001
Abstract:
The cold tolerance of three Dendrocalamus farinosus strains (seedling plant and two somaclone mutants) which have been cold-acclimated were compared in terms of their chlorophyll fluorescence responses. The cultivation temperature was set at 4, 0, −5 and −10 ℃ in turn and each temperature was kept for 90 minutes. The results showed that the seedling plants died under the stress of −5 °C, while the mutant plants No. 101-1b and No. 101-1c survived at 0 °Cand died under the stress of −15 °C. The ratio of variable fluorescence to maximum fluorescence (Fv / Fm), effective photon yield of optical system II (YII) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) values were generally decreased in all Dendrocalamus farinosus strains after exposed to low temperature stress, and the descending order was seedling plants > No.101-1b > No.101-1c. Comparatively, the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) values of low-temperature-treated plants were mostly higher than those before stress, especially No.101-1c. The effects of two factors (strain and temperature) and their interaction effect on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were all significant. It is concluded that the mutant No. 101-1c was the most cold-resistant species. The present study can provide scientific basis for screening cold-tolerant somatic mutants of Dendrocalamus farinosus.
Forestry Industry
Effects of Different Picking Times and Different Post-harvest Treatments on Oil-tea Camellia Fruit Indicators
LONG Xueyan, OUYANG Wenying, YANG Song, YANG Shengyou, YANG Xiaoju, HU Yulin
2021, 42(1): 96-101. doi: 10.12172/202007110001
Abstract:
In order to scientifically determine the best picking time and post-harvest treatment method of Camellia oleifera, the 6-year-old superior clones of Xiang lin 210 and Chang lin 18 were selected and picked at different mature stages, and different methods were adopted after picking. The single fruit weight, seed moisture content, seed moisture content, kernel oil yield and other related indicators of Camellia oleifera were measured. The results showed that the single fruit weight of Xiang lin 210 varied greatly at different picking time, and decreased slightly with the increase of maturity, while the single fruit weight of Chang lin 18 increased gradually. With the change of picking time, the peel water content of Xiang lin 210 and Chang lin 18 increased to some content. With the later picking time, the seed weight of Xiang lin 210 decreased slightly, while that of Changlin 18 increased gradually, and the water content of tea seeds both showed a downward trend. There was a great difference in the oil yield between the two varieties at different picking times when they were not ripe and after-ripe, but on the whole, the oil yield of Changlin 18 was higher than that of Xianglin 210. With the increase of tea seed storage time, the water content of peeled seeds decreased continuously, while the water content of peeled seeds increased first and then decreased. The kernel yield of peeled seeds increased first and then decreased. The kernel oil yield increased first and then decreased and then increased.
Forestry Industry
Effects of Different Planting Densities on Growth and Leaf Yield of Leaf-harvest Ginkgo biloba L.
DENG Huihong, CAO Hu, XU Xuejiao, SONG Peng, ZHANG Mengnan, TANG Xiu, WEI Fangbo, CHEN Xiaoli
2021, 42(1): 102-108. doi: 10.12172/202007280001
Abstract:
By studying the effects of different planting densities on the growth and leaf yield of Ginkgo biloba. L. in the hilly areas of Northeast Sichuan, the reasonable density control direction with high economic benefit was obtained, which provided theoretical support for production practice. In this study, two-year-old Ginkgo biloba "Kaijianghuang No.1" was used as the test material, and five different planting densities were used to study the effects of different planting densities on the growth and leaf yield of Ginkgo biloba for three consecutive years. The results showed that: (1) Under the geographical conditions in northeast Sichuan and within a certain density range, the planting density had little effect on the ground diameter and lateral branches in the first year of the construction of Ginkgo biloba base. With the increase of tree age, the ground diameter growth and lateral branches of Ginkgo biloba. garden with excessive planting density showed a slow growth trend compared with low density garden, and different planting densities had no significant effect on the height growth of Ginkgo biloba. (2) When Ginkgo biloba was less than 4.5 years and planted at a density of 100000 plants per hectare, the yield per hectare was 2.76 times higher than that of the low-density treatment with a planting density of 14000 plants per hectare, and the yield per hectare reaches 20428.00 kg. At the age of 5.5 years, the leaf yield of high-density planting with planting density of 100000 plants hm−2 decreased by 15.93% compared with that of 4.5 years, while the leaf yield of low-density planting with planting density of 14000 plants hm−2 was as high as 41322.60 kg hm−2, which was 1.41 times as high as that of high-density planting in the same year. Therefore, in the hilly area of northeast Sichuan, the maximum planting density can be maintained at 100000 plants·hm−2 before the blooming period. With the increase of tree age, the planting density should be reduced year by year. In the blooming period, the density should be kept at about 15000 plants·hm−2, so as to maximize the economic benefits per unit area.
Forestry Industry
Study on Clonal Selection of Dendrocalamus farinosus in South Sichuan
CHEN Peng, ZHENG Renhong, WANG Yong, HU Yanbin
2021, 42(1): 109-113. doi: 10.12172/202007270002
Abstract:
Dendrocalamus farinosus (Keng et Keng F.) Chia et H. L. Fung is an excellent paper-pulp bamboo species, and is one of the main paper-making bamboo species in Yibin at present. The goal of this study was to select high yield bamboo species, and the growth adaptability was comprehensively considered. 11 clones with different geographical distribution were selected. At last, excellent clone No. 2 (found from Qilin, Xingwen) was selected through the performance of each clone under the same site condition. Its growth index was as follows: average shoot amount 17.7, DBH 5.0 cm, average height 6.7 m, average single cluster weight 17.80 kg, strong adaptability, stable performance and strong stress resistance.
Forestry Industry
Studies on Phenology and Yield of Different Seedling Types of Bletilla striata
CAO Jianxin, PENG ying, JIANG Yuanbiao, YANG bin
2021, 42(1): 114-118. doi: 10.12172/202008060002
Abstract:
The phenology of bulb seedlings and seed seedlings of Bletilla striata was observed and the yield of the two types of seedlings under different planting densities were investigated. The results showed that the budding and leaf spreading stages of the two propagation types of Bletilla striata were basically the same. There was no significant differences in the duration time of budding, leaf spreading, flowering and fruit stages between two different seedling types, but there was a big difference at the yellow-withered stage. Different seedling types and planting densities had significant effects on the yield of Bletilla striata. The yield of Bletilla striata planted with bulbs was significantly higher than that of seed seedlings. In this experiment, the highest yield was obtained when the row spacing of seed plants was 15 cm × 15 cm. Under better water and fertilizer conditions, the yield could be increased by appropriate close planting.
Forestry Industry
Growth Evaluation of Precocious Walnut Varieties in Dry Valley of the Dadu River
LI Jing, SHUAI Wei, GOU Tianxiong, JIANG Xinhua, YANG Ping, LIU Yanyun, MA Zhiliang
2021, 42(1): 119-124. doi: 10.12172/202007210003
Abstract:
The introduction and cultivation experiments of four precocious walnut varieties (i.e. 8518, 9818, Xiangling and Yunxin 14) combined with the local variety (control treatment) were carried out in three typical areas (Jintang Town, Kangding (KJ), Chuni Town, Luding (LC), Guza Town, Kangding (KG)) of the dry valley of the Dadu River. The survival rate, preservation rate, ground diameter and height growth increment of the different precocious walnut varieties were compare to select the most suitable precocious walnut varieties in the dry valley of the Dadu River. The results showed that varieties and planting sites significantly affected the survival rate, preservation rate, ground diameter and height growth increments of the four precocious walnut varieties. All the growth parameters of the four precocious walnut varieties followed the same order of KG > LC > KJ. The survival rate, preservation rate, ground diameter and height growth increments of Xiangling were the highest, followed by 8518 variety, and 9818 and Yunxin 14 varieties were the lowest. Hence, the varieties and environmental conditions of planting sites should be taken into full consideration in promoting the precocious walnut varieties in the dry valley areas of the Dadu River. While vigorously developing local varieties, Xiangling and 8518 varieties can be introduced. However, due to low ecological adaptability of 9818 and Yunxin 14 varieties, it is not recommended to introduce and cultivate them in the dry valley areas of the Dadu river.
Forestry Industry
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Bletilla striata Based on ITS and ycf1 Genes
LI Wenjun, JIANG Liqiong, LIU Qiong, XIAO Qiangang, HUAN Jie, XU Zhiping, YANG Hongyan
2021, 42(1): 125-129. doi: 10.12172/202007070001
Abstract:
During the investigation and collection of Bletilla striata resources, it was found that many characteristics of Bletilla striata such as flower type, flower color, florescence, leaf shape and so on had great variation degrees. In this study, we collected 30 accessions of Bletilla striata resources from Sichuan and Yunnan province, cloned and analyzed their nrDNA ITS and chloroplast ycf1 gene differences, and found that ycf1 gene has little difference and ITS gene has large difference. According to the differences of ITS sequences, Bletilla striata was clustered into 3 branches. Combined with the apparent characteristics of Bletilla striata, it was found that the ITS sequences of Bletilla striata had obvious correlation with florescence and leaf type, but had no obvious correlation with other characteristics such as flower type and color. This study provided a theoretical basis for the collection, development and utilization of Bletilla striata germplasm resources.
Forestry Industry
Genetic Diversity Assessment of Chengdu Gray Goat Based on Microsatellite Markers
YU Jiaojiao, LIU Jiabin, XU Yongtao, WU Yongsheng, YANG Xue, QI Guilan
2021, 42(1): 130-136. doi: 10.12172/202006300002
Abstract:
Chengdu gray goat is an excellent local goat breed, which plays an important role in the improvement of goat breeds and the cultivation of new breeds in China. However, due to the lack of scientific breeding methods, some captive populations of Chengdu gray goat lead to the confusion of pedigree and inbreeding, which, to some extent, will lead to the degradation of the captive population. In the long run, the genetic diversity of Chengdu gray goat will gradually lose and some unique important genetic resources will gradually disappear. In this study, the genetic diversity assessment of Chengdu gray goat was conducted using the microsatellite markers. The results were as follows: (1) Eight pairs of microsatellite markers with medium and high polymorphism were successfully developed by cross-species method; (2) A total of 60 alleles were detected, with an average allele of 7.5, an average effective allele number of 2.36, an average observed heterozygosity of 0.577, an average expected heterozygosity of 0.634, and an average polymorphism information content of 0.580. The results showed that the genetic diversity of Chengdu gray goat population was high and it has high conservation potential.
Forestry Industry
Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition in Fruit Greadse of Cinnamomum petrophilum
XU Ming, WANG Tie, HUANG Yijia, MO Kailin, YANG Ling, ZHOU Zhou
2021, 42(1): 137-140. doi: 10.12172/202006230002
Abstract:
By using the oil preparation method, 45−55% of the grease was obtained from the fruit of Cinnamomum petrophilum. According to the analysis, there were many fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and other fatty acids. Among them, the mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid was more than 70%.
Review and Monograph
Development and Application of Sichuan Nature Conservation Infrared Camera Data Management System
YANG Biao, LI Shengqiang, YANG Xu, YANG Xuyu, GU Xiaodong, YANG Zhisong, DAI Qiang
2021, 42(1): 141-148. doi: 10.12172/202007100002
Abstract:
Infrared camera trapping has been used worldwide for wildlife monitoring, and massive wildlife pictures and video clips have been obtained. However, in many nature reserves, the infrared camera data management is still faced with the difficulties massive infrared data, primitive storage mode, lack of data technology, blank data mining and so on. So, how to scientifically store and manage massive infrared image data, professionally and efficiently complete data identification and scientific analysis, and timely feedback the analysis results to researchers and managers has become a major problem in infrared camera monitoring. Based on above problems, Sichuan Nature Conservation Infrared Camera Data Management System (CDMS) could effectively solve those problems. The use needs of the vast nature reserves, and the functional advantages of different databases and data information platforms are taken into account in the research and development design of the CDMS. At present, CDMS is designed for interactive use of various types of nature reserves in Sichuan province, integrating the functions of standardized storage, scientific management, intelligent query, scientific analysis and visual display, and other functions, aiming at promoting the conversion of wildlife infrared camera images into effective data, realizing efficient analysis and deep mining of data, and providing professional technical and management support services for wildlife research, conservation, management and the popular science education. The establishment of this system will benefit data analysis and sharing, collaboration and information services for wildlife monitoring in Sichuan province, other provinces in China and other parts of the world. In this paper, the function module, main composition, characteristics and advantages of the platform in the data management system, application results and data service system of the system are briefly introduced.
Review and Monograph
Application of Two-step Outdoor Assistant App in Biodiversity Survey
LI Chengrong, LI Yun, ZHOU Caiquan
2021, 42(1): 149-152. doi: 10.12172/202005130001
Abstract:
Biodiversity provides the basic environmental and material conditions for the survival and development of human society. With the increasingly prominent problems of biodiversity, there are higher requirements for the research and protection of biodiversity. As the basic work of biodiversity research and conservation, it is particularly more important to improve the accuracy and convenience of field investigation. Two-step outdoor assistant App is a professional outdoor software that can be used on mobile phones and tablets, with offline map downloading and navigation, route design, track recording, interest points marking, data sharing and other functions, which can provide great convenience and reliability for biodiversity investigation. The paper introduced the realization of the related functions of the two-step outdoor assistant App software in biodiversity investigation, and compared it with three outdoor softwares of the same type, such as Lotoo, Ovi map, Foooooot map, showing the accuracy and convenience of the two-step outdoor assistant App in biodiversity survey, so as to provide technical and methodological references for biodiversity survey and research.