2019 Vol. 40 Issue 3
2019 Vol. 40, No. 3
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2019, 40(3): 1-5.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.001
Abstract:
Litterfall is an important part of forest ecosystem and its decomposition process is the key processes of nutrient cycling in the forest ecosystem.Accurate determination of litter decomposition dynamics is very important for studying the pattern and process of forest ecosystems.Observations and determination were made of litter decomposition process of the Abies fabri forest in the Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station at an altitude of 3 000 m over a long period of time.The results showed that (1) the decomposition rate of litterfall was listed in descending order:broadleaves > needles > twigs,and the time required to decompose the half of broadleaves,needles and twigs was 6.8 years,10.5 years and 14.5 years respectively;and the time to decompose 95% of them was 29.3years,45.6 years and 63.1 years,respectively.(2) Regardless of broadleaves,needles or twigs,the organic carbon content of them decreased with time,while the decomposition rate of organic carbon increased with time;By the exponential decay model,the decomposition coefficient of litterfall organic carbon was calculated and listed as:broadleaves > needles > twigs.(3) The organic carbon released by the annual decomposition of broadleaves,needles and twigs in Abies fabri forest was 52.18 kg·hm-2,4.32 kg·hm-2 and 0.67 kg·hm-2,respectively.The total amount of organic carbon released by various litterfall was 61.13 kg·hm-2 per year,accounting for 6.58% of the total organic carbon of litterfall.
Litterfall is an important part of forest ecosystem and its decomposition process is the key processes of nutrient cycling in the forest ecosystem.Accurate determination of litter decomposition dynamics is very important for studying the pattern and process of forest ecosystems.Observations and determination were made of litter decomposition process of the Abies fabri forest in the Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station at an altitude of 3 000 m over a long period of time.The results showed that (1) the decomposition rate of litterfall was listed in descending order:broadleaves > needles > twigs,and the time required to decompose the half of broadleaves,needles and twigs was 6.8 years,10.5 years and 14.5 years respectively;and the time to decompose 95% of them was 29.3years,45.6 years and 63.1 years,respectively.(2) Regardless of broadleaves,needles or twigs,the organic carbon content of them decreased with time,while the decomposition rate of organic carbon increased with time;By the exponential decay model,the decomposition coefficient of litterfall organic carbon was calculated and listed as:broadleaves > needles > twigs.(3) The organic carbon released by the annual decomposition of broadleaves,needles and twigs in Abies fabri forest was 52.18 kg·hm-2,4.32 kg·hm-2 and 0.67 kg·hm-2,respectively.The total amount of organic carbon released by various litterfall was 61.13 kg·hm-2 per year,accounting for 6.58% of the total organic carbon of litterfall.
2019, 40(3): 6-12.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.002
Abstract:
Based on the ecology investigation in Xining of Leibo County,studies were made of the distribution regions of wild Camellia sinensis Communities.Classification and Ordination of 37 vegetation plots(20 m×20 m) were investigated by DCA classification analysis.Species diversities of different spaces were analyzed by richness index(R),Simpson index(D),Shannon-wiener index(H) and Alatalo evenness index(E).The results showed that the wild C.sinensis communities were classified into 6 types by DCA,including ⅠC.sinensis + Quercus serrate + Castanopsis platyacantha communities,ⅡC.sinensis + Castanopsis fargesii + Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon communities,ⅢC.sinensis + Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata + Quercus fabri communities,ⅣC.sinensis + Cryptomeria fortune + Toona ciliate communities,ⅤC.sinensis + Betula luminifera + Juglans cathayensis communities,and ⅥC.sinensis + Alnus nepalensis + Sassafras tzumu communities.Most of them belonged to mixed evergreen and deciduous forest,some of them were evergreen broad-leaved forest or man-made Cryptomeria fortune forest.The results of DCA clearly reflected the distribution range of various community types,and DCA indicated the influences of site factors on the distribution pattern of community types and species.Based on the community similarity and stability,the chief protective measures for C.sinensis included in-situ conservation,avoiding human disturbance and strengthening the research on the artificial breeding.
Based on the ecology investigation in Xining of Leibo County,studies were made of the distribution regions of wild Camellia sinensis Communities.Classification and Ordination of 37 vegetation plots(20 m×20 m) were investigated by DCA classification analysis.Species diversities of different spaces were analyzed by richness index(R),Simpson index(D),Shannon-wiener index(H) and Alatalo evenness index(E).The results showed that the wild C.sinensis communities were classified into 6 types by DCA,including ⅠC.sinensis + Quercus serrate + Castanopsis platyacantha communities,ⅡC.sinensis + Castanopsis fargesii + Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon communities,ⅢC.sinensis + Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata + Quercus fabri communities,ⅣC.sinensis + Cryptomeria fortune + Toona ciliate communities,ⅤC.sinensis + Betula luminifera + Juglans cathayensis communities,and ⅥC.sinensis + Alnus nepalensis + Sassafras tzumu communities.Most of them belonged to mixed evergreen and deciduous forest,some of them were evergreen broad-leaved forest or man-made Cryptomeria fortune forest.The results of DCA clearly reflected the distribution range of various community types,and DCA indicated the influences of site factors on the distribution pattern of community types and species.Based on the community similarity and stability,the chief protective measures for C.sinensis included in-situ conservation,avoiding human disturbance and strengthening the research on the artificial breeding.
2019, 40(3): 13-21.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.003
Abstract:
A large amount of sewage containing nitrogen and phosphorus was directly discharged without treatment into natural water such as rivers and lakes,resulting in an increasing harsh situation of wetlands and an increasing degree of eutrophication of water bodies.So it was imminent to repair the polluted water and recover the environment.In this experiment,0 mL·L-1,20 mL·L-1,40 mL·L-1,80 mL·L-1,160 mL·L-1 of Microcystis aeruginosa were co-cultured with 0,100,200,400 and 800 mg·m-2 of Spirodela punctata in 1/5 Hoagland culture medium.The above-mentioned Microcystis aeruginosa and S.punctata were subjected to the two-factor orthogonal test.The results showed that the total nitrogen(TN) and phosphorus(TP) contents in the culture medium of all Microcystis aeruginosa concentration decreased in 0~15 days with the increase of time.Co-culture of M.aeruginosa and S.punctata had better repairing effect on polluted water than that in their respective cultures.After 15 days,the microcystin content in the culture was determined,which showed that the S.punctata was effective for absorbing the TN,TP and amicrocystin in the culture.To sum up,the concentration of S.punctata was 400 mg·m-2,the growth reached its maximum value,removal rates(%) of TN,TP and microcystin in the culture medium were also up to the highest.Therefore,it was concluded that the low concentration of M.aeruginosa and 100% coverage of S.punctata had a potential effect on wetland water repairing.
A large amount of sewage containing nitrogen and phosphorus was directly discharged without treatment into natural water such as rivers and lakes,resulting in an increasing harsh situation of wetlands and an increasing degree of eutrophication of water bodies.So it was imminent to repair the polluted water and recover the environment.In this experiment,0 mL·L-1,20 mL·L-1,40 mL·L-1,80 mL·L-1,160 mL·L-1 of Microcystis aeruginosa were co-cultured with 0,100,200,400 and 800 mg·m-2 of Spirodela punctata in 1/5 Hoagland culture medium.The above-mentioned Microcystis aeruginosa and S.punctata were subjected to the two-factor orthogonal test.The results showed that the total nitrogen(TN) and phosphorus(TP) contents in the culture medium of all Microcystis aeruginosa concentration decreased in 0~15 days with the increase of time.Co-culture of M.aeruginosa and S.punctata had better repairing effect on polluted water than that in their respective cultures.After 15 days,the microcystin content in the culture was determined,which showed that the S.punctata was effective for absorbing the TN,TP and amicrocystin in the culture.To sum up,the concentration of S.punctata was 400 mg·m-2,the growth reached its maximum value,removal rates(%) of TN,TP and microcystin in the culture medium were also up to the highest.Therefore,it was concluded that the low concentration of M.aeruginosa and 100% coverage of S.punctata had a potential effect on wetland water repairing.
2019, 40(3): 22-26.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.004
Abstract:
The excellent individual plants were selected from the seedling variant plants of Z.armatum var.novemfolius in 2005,and then the primary selection of mutant individual plants,second selection and final selection were done.The fruits of Z.armatum ‘Zaoshu jiuyeqinghuajiao’ were large in grain size and its shape index was 1.06 to 1.08.The thousand-grain weight of fresh pepper was 90~96 g.The content of fagaramide was 16.4 mg·g-1~16.6 mg·g-1.The extract concentration by alcohol and diethyl ether was from 18.6%~19.2% and 12.5%~12.9%,respectively.The protein content was 14.8%~15.2%.There were 97 components of essential oil,including 39 peculiar components.Its quality had been up or over the national forestry industry standards.
The excellent individual plants were selected from the seedling variant plants of Z.armatum var.novemfolius in 2005,and then the primary selection of mutant individual plants,second selection and final selection were done.The fruits of Z.armatum ‘Zaoshu jiuyeqinghuajiao’ were large in grain size and its shape index was 1.06 to 1.08.The thousand-grain weight of fresh pepper was 90~96 g.The content of fagaramide was 16.4 mg·g-1~16.6 mg·g-1.The extract concentration by alcohol and diethyl ether was from 18.6%~19.2% and 12.5%~12.9%,respectively.The protein content was 14.8%~15.2%.There were 97 components of essential oil,including 39 peculiar components.Its quality had been up or over the national forestry industry standards.
2019, 40(3): 27-30,36.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.005
Abstract:
In this paper studies were made of the growth,soil nutrient and leaf nutrient resorption of Hippophae rhamnoides,which was cultivated on degraded grassland for 1~3 years in Western Sichuan plateau.The results showed that,with the increase of planting years,the plant height,crown width,leaf length and leaf width of seedlings increased,the number of lateral branches and root length first increased and then decreased.Compared with Salix paraplesia in the same area,the contents of total phosphorus,available phosphorus and organic matter were higher in the rhizosphere soil of H.rhamnoides,and the contents of hydrolytic nitrogen were lower.The nitrogen and phosphorus contents (Ng and Pg) in the leaves of H.rhamnoides were 23.24 mg·g-1 and 1.84 mg·g-1 respectively,which were lower than typical northern psammophyte (27.42 mg·g-1 and 3.68 mg·g-1).The leaf phosphorus recovery efficiency (PRE) was as high as 69.35% in H.rhamnoides,which was restricted by the insufficient supply of phosphorus in the soil.The leaf nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE) was 59.88% in Salix paraplesia,which was more restricted by the advisability of nitrogen of the soil.The nitrogen fixation in the roots of H.rhamnoides could compensate for the insufficient supply of soil nitrogen in the degraded grassland.
In this paper studies were made of the growth,soil nutrient and leaf nutrient resorption of Hippophae rhamnoides,which was cultivated on degraded grassland for 1~3 years in Western Sichuan plateau.The results showed that,with the increase of planting years,the plant height,crown width,leaf length and leaf width of seedlings increased,the number of lateral branches and root length first increased and then decreased.Compared with Salix paraplesia in the same area,the contents of total phosphorus,available phosphorus and organic matter were higher in the rhizosphere soil of H.rhamnoides,and the contents of hydrolytic nitrogen were lower.The nitrogen and phosphorus contents (Ng and Pg) in the leaves of H.rhamnoides were 23.24 mg·g-1 and 1.84 mg·g-1 respectively,which were lower than typical northern psammophyte (27.42 mg·g-1 and 3.68 mg·g-1).The leaf phosphorus recovery efficiency (PRE) was as high as 69.35% in H.rhamnoides,which was restricted by the insufficient supply of phosphorus in the soil.The leaf nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE) was 59.88% in Salix paraplesia,which was more restricted by the advisability of nitrogen of the soil.The nitrogen fixation in the roots of H.rhamnoides could compensate for the insufficient supply of soil nitrogen in the degraded grassland.
Characteristics of Soil Nutrients in Davidia involucrata Communities at Different Altitudes in Ya'an
2019, 40(3): 31-36.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.006
Abstract:
The elevations of 1 000 m~1 500 m,1 500 m~2 000 m and 2 000 m~2 500 m were selected in order to explore the soil stoichiometric characteristics and the response regularity of Davidia involucrata communities in different altitndes in Ya'an City by measuring Soil pH and nutrient contents,calculating and analyzing soil C:N,C:P,C:K,N:P,N:K and P:K.The results were as follows:(1) the soil organic carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were 7.08 g·kg-1~86.26 g·kg-1,0.73 g·kg-1~5.74 g·kg-1,0.27 g·kg-1~1.77 g·kg-1 and 20.56 g·kg-1~70.37 g·kg-1 respectively,and these contents increased with the increase in elevation.(2) Soil C:N,C:P,C:K,N:P,N:K and P:K ranged between 8.91~33.98,22.25~78.06,0.17~3.53,1.47~5.80,0.02~0.23,and 0.17~3.53 respectively.With the increase in elevation,the changes of C:N,C:P and N:P were similar in soil.The soil C:K and N:K increased with the increase in elevation,the change trend of soil P:K was not significant under different elevation gradients.
The elevations of 1 000 m~1 500 m,1 500 m~2 000 m and 2 000 m~2 500 m were selected in order to explore the soil stoichiometric characteristics and the response regularity of Davidia involucrata communities in different altitndes in Ya'an City by measuring Soil pH and nutrient contents,calculating and analyzing soil C:N,C:P,C:K,N:P,N:K and P:K.The results were as follows:(1) the soil organic carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were 7.08 g·kg-1~86.26 g·kg-1,0.73 g·kg-1~5.74 g·kg-1,0.27 g·kg-1~1.77 g·kg-1 and 20.56 g·kg-1~70.37 g·kg-1 respectively,and these contents increased with the increase in elevation.(2) Soil C:N,C:P,C:K,N:P,N:K and P:K ranged between 8.91~33.98,22.25~78.06,0.17~3.53,1.47~5.80,0.02~0.23,and 0.17~3.53 respectively.With the increase in elevation,the changes of C:N,C:P and N:P were similar in soil.The soil C:K and N:K increased with the increase in elevation,the change trend of soil P:K was not significant under different elevation gradients.
2019, 40(3): 37-41.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.007
Abstract:
Soil physical properties are the important indicators for measuring soil quality.The soil water-physical properties were tested in the spruce plantation,shrubs,economic forests and agricultural land in Lixian,located in the upstream areas of the Minjiang River.The results showed that (1) The soil bulk density of the spruce plantation was the lowest,soil capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,maximum water holding capacity,and capillary water holding capacity were significantly higher than those in other three vegetation types.(2) The non-capillary porosity,capillary water holding capacity and maximum water holding capacity of the shrub forest and economic forest were not significantly different,but the soil bulk density of shrub forest was significantly lower than that of economic forest.(3) The soil bulk density of the agricultural land was significantly higher than that of the other three vegetation types.The non-capillary porosity,capillary water holding capacity,and maximum water holding capacity of the agricultural land were significantly lower than those in other three vegetation types.It could be seen that there were large differences in the soil physical properties of the four vegetation types.It would play an important role to choose a reasonable vegetation type and reduce human disturbance in vegetation restoration and ecological function improvement in the upstream areas of the Minjiang River.
Soil physical properties are the important indicators for measuring soil quality.The soil water-physical properties were tested in the spruce plantation,shrubs,economic forests and agricultural land in Lixian,located in the upstream areas of the Minjiang River.The results showed that (1) The soil bulk density of the spruce plantation was the lowest,soil capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,maximum water holding capacity,and capillary water holding capacity were significantly higher than those in other three vegetation types.(2) The non-capillary porosity,capillary water holding capacity and maximum water holding capacity of the shrub forest and economic forest were not significantly different,but the soil bulk density of shrub forest was significantly lower than that of economic forest.(3) The soil bulk density of the agricultural land was significantly higher than that of the other three vegetation types.The non-capillary porosity,capillary water holding capacity,and maximum water holding capacity of the agricultural land were significantly lower than those in other three vegetation types.It could be seen that there were large differences in the soil physical properties of the four vegetation types.It would play an important role to choose a reasonable vegetation type and reduce human disturbance in vegetation restoration and ecological function improvement in the upstream areas of the Minjiang River.
2019, 40(3): 42-46,70.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.008
Abstract:
As an important part of ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,Le'an Wetland was the key area of ecological development in the Daliang Mountain.It was also a typical ecosystem of plateau wetlands at elevation 2500~3000m.The vegetation cover (the ratio of vertical projection area of vegetation to unit area) was an important ecological parameter to reflect the growth status of wetland plants.It played an important role in the assessment and monitoring of the wetland ecological environment.Based on the data of MODIS normalized vegetation index in 2011-2015 years,the vegetation cover and its changing trend of Bhutto Le'an Wetland Reserve were estimated by using the two sub-pixel model.And the change of vegetation cover in Le'an Wetland Reserve was analyzed in order to provide scientific basis for ecological environment evaluation and management in protected areas.The results showed that the vegetation cover of Le'an Wetland Reserve was in good condition,and the proportion of vegetation covering area in moderate and above grade was more than 50%.During the 5 years,the vegetation coverage of protected areas showed a stable state in general,but the change trend of vegetation cover was different at different levels and different periods.The vegetation cover in space presented a descending trend from Wandun Mountain-Sike Township to their two sides.Compared with Ruoergai wetland at about 3500m above sea level,the distribution of vegetation cover in Le'an wetland was mainly affected by topography,hydrothermal conditions and human activity factors.
As an important part of ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,Le'an Wetland was the key area of ecological development in the Daliang Mountain.It was also a typical ecosystem of plateau wetlands at elevation 2500~3000m.The vegetation cover (the ratio of vertical projection area of vegetation to unit area) was an important ecological parameter to reflect the growth status of wetland plants.It played an important role in the assessment and monitoring of the wetland ecological environment.Based on the data of MODIS normalized vegetation index in 2011-2015 years,the vegetation cover and its changing trend of Bhutto Le'an Wetland Reserve were estimated by using the two sub-pixel model.And the change of vegetation cover in Le'an Wetland Reserve was analyzed in order to provide scientific basis for ecological environment evaluation and management in protected areas.The results showed that the vegetation cover of Le'an Wetland Reserve was in good condition,and the proportion of vegetation covering area in moderate and above grade was more than 50%.During the 5 years,the vegetation coverage of protected areas showed a stable state in general,but the change trend of vegetation cover was different at different levels and different periods.The vegetation cover in space presented a descending trend from Wandun Mountain-Sike Township to their two sides.Compared with Ruoergai wetland at about 3500m above sea level,the distribution of vegetation cover in Le'an wetland was mainly affected by topography,hydrothermal conditions and human activity factors.
2019, 40(3): 47-50.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.009
Abstract:
The 9 hospitals were selected as the research objects in Duanzhou district of Zhaoqing city and the hospital landscape green plant diversities were analyzed by means of Berger-parker index,Margalef index,Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index in order to understand its diversity,community structure and the status quo of the plant landscape development systematically,and to strengthen the hospital landscape development in the edge area of the Pearl River Delta Region.
The 9 hospitals were selected as the research objects in Duanzhou district of Zhaoqing city and the hospital landscape green plant diversities were analyzed by means of Berger-parker index,Margalef index,Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index in order to understand its diversity,community structure and the status quo of the plant landscape development systematically,and to strengthen the hospital landscape development in the edge area of the Pearl River Delta Region.
2019, 40(3): 51-56,76.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.010
Abstract:
Bambusa rigida in Changning County was taken as the research object,the clear cutting belts were set in lengths of 60 m and widths of 3 m,6 m and 9 m.in the sample plots of Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town.The reserved zone was set between 3 m~6 m and 6 m~9 m cutting belt.The retention band had a retention bandwidth of 6 m;in addition,a 6×60 control zone was placed near the sample plot.After one year of mechanical strip clearing,the growth status,significant characteristics,and biomass (aboveground) were analyzed through investigation and data processing.The results showed that (1) the shoots were found in both plots,and the order of sprouting area size was 9m cutting belt > 6 m cutting belt > 3 m cutting belt.In Longtou town,the amount of shoots in each cutting belt and retaining belt was significantly higher than that in the control belt,and the maximum was 6 m~9 m retention belt,reaching 4 976±97 plants hm-2.In Zhuhai Town,the shoot number in the 3 m cutting belt,3 m~6 m retention zone and the 6 m~9 m zone were higher than that of the control zone,and the number of shoots in the 6 m~9 m retention zone was the highest,reaching 11 583 plants·hm-2.(2) One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons showed that the average breast diameter of bamboo shoots in Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town were not significantly different between the 6 m belt and the 9m belt (p>0.05),but the difference between each other belt were significant (p<0.05);the average height of bamboo shoots in Longtou town was not significantly different between the 3m belt and the 6m belt,or the 6m belt and the 9m belt (p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant (p>0.05),the average height of bamboo shoots in Zhuhai Town was not significantly different from that of 6m harvesting belt and 9m harvesting belt (p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant (p<0.05).(3) According to the exponential regression model and other fittings on the DBH and biomass,it could be calculated that after the strip-shaped clear cutting test,the yield of the 3 m~6 m retention zone and 6 m~9 m retention in Longtou town was 92.76% and 175.21% higher than that of the control.The yield of the 3 m~6 m retention zone and the 6 m~9 m retention zone in Zhuhai Town was 111.89% and 161.58% higher than that of the control.(4) Through the test,it was found that the 6 m~9 m retaining bamboo forest had the best growth,the highest biomass and the best transformation effect.
Bambusa rigida in Changning County was taken as the research object,the clear cutting belts were set in lengths of 60 m and widths of 3 m,6 m and 9 m.in the sample plots of Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town.The reserved zone was set between 3 m~6 m and 6 m~9 m cutting belt.The retention band had a retention bandwidth of 6 m;in addition,a 6×60 control zone was placed near the sample plot.After one year of mechanical strip clearing,the growth status,significant characteristics,and biomass (aboveground) were analyzed through investigation and data processing.The results showed that (1) the shoots were found in both plots,and the order of sprouting area size was 9m cutting belt > 6 m cutting belt > 3 m cutting belt.In Longtou town,the amount of shoots in each cutting belt and retaining belt was significantly higher than that in the control belt,and the maximum was 6 m~9 m retention belt,reaching 4 976±97 plants hm-2.In Zhuhai Town,the shoot number in the 3 m cutting belt,3 m~6 m retention zone and the 6 m~9 m zone were higher than that of the control zone,and the number of shoots in the 6 m~9 m retention zone was the highest,reaching 11 583 plants·hm-2.(2) One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons showed that the average breast diameter of bamboo shoots in Longtou Town and Zhuhai Town were not significantly different between the 6 m belt and the 9m belt (p>0.05),but the difference between each other belt were significant (p<0.05);the average height of bamboo shoots in Longtou town was not significantly different between the 3m belt and the 6m belt,or the 6m belt and the 9m belt (p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant (p>0.05),the average height of bamboo shoots in Zhuhai Town was not significantly different from that of 6m harvesting belt and 9m harvesting belt (p>0.05),and the differences between the other belts were significant (p<0.05).(3) According to the exponential regression model and other fittings on the DBH and biomass,it could be calculated that after the strip-shaped clear cutting test,the yield of the 3 m~6 m retention zone and 6 m~9 m retention in Longtou town was 92.76% and 175.21% higher than that of the control.The yield of the 3 m~6 m retention zone and the 6 m~9 m retention zone in Zhuhai Town was 111.89% and 161.58% higher than that of the control.(4) Through the test,it was found that the 6 m~9 m retaining bamboo forest had the best growth,the highest biomass and the best transformation effect.
2019, 40(3): 57-62.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.011
Abstract:
Taking 20 clones of Idesia polycarpa as the research object,the excellent clones were evaluated and screened by analyzing the difference of growth,fruiting,oil content and other characters.The results showed that there were significant differences in panicle characters,fruit phenotype and fruit oil content among different clones.There was a significant correlation between cluster size and cluster weight.Six excellent clones were selected by principal component analysis,and the selection rate was 30%.The selected clones had the characteristics of high oil content,high seed yield and strong tree body.The selected superior clones provided a good material basis for breeding fine seeds or varieties in Sichuan.
Taking 20 clones of Idesia polycarpa as the research object,the excellent clones were evaluated and screened by analyzing the difference of growth,fruiting,oil content and other characters.The results showed that there were significant differences in panicle characters,fruit phenotype and fruit oil content among different clones.There was a significant correlation between cluster size and cluster weight.Six excellent clones were selected by principal component analysis,and the selection rate was 30%.The selected clones had the characteristics of high oil content,high seed yield and strong tree body.The selected superior clones provided a good material basis for breeding fine seeds or varieties in Sichuan.
2019, 40(3): 63-66.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.012
Abstract:
The seedling growth indexes of 44 superior families were investigated and analyzed which were collected from 9 counties in Sichuan.The variation of height (Ht) and diameter of ground length (DGL) were tested by the nested test method.The results showed that there was a highly significant difference in Ht and DGL between provenances and families.The variation coefficient (VC) of Ht and DGL among provenances was 0.23~0.42 and 0.15~0.28,separately.The VC of Ht and DGL were 0.05~0.43 and 0.10~0.34 among families,respecitively.Three provenances (No.6,9 and 4) and five families (No.31,22,32,6 and 38) as superior ones by improved Breggin multi-index comprehensive evaluation method,taking Ht and DGL as the evaluation indicators,the tested 9 provenances and 44 families were evaluated.According to the analysis of seedling stage,parts of the superior families showed higher growth vigor than others,which had excellent potential for further selection in testing trials.
The seedling growth indexes of 44 superior families were investigated and analyzed which were collected from 9 counties in Sichuan.The variation of height (Ht) and diameter of ground length (DGL) were tested by the nested test method.The results showed that there was a highly significant difference in Ht and DGL between provenances and families.The variation coefficient (VC) of Ht and DGL among provenances was 0.23~0.42 and 0.15~0.28,separately.The VC of Ht and DGL were 0.05~0.43 and 0.10~0.34 among families,respecitively.Three provenances (No.6,9 and 4) and five families (No.31,22,32,6 and 38) as superior ones by improved Breggin multi-index comprehensive evaluation method,taking Ht and DGL as the evaluation indicators,the tested 9 provenances and 44 families were evaluated.According to the analysis of seedling stage,parts of the superior families showed higher growth vigor than others,which had excellent potential for further selection in testing trials.
2019, 40(3): 67-70.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.013
Abstract:
The goals of this study were to select superior clones of alder (Alnus cremastogyne),and to achieve maximum genetic gains and economic benefits.A total of 476 alder clones obtained through cuttage were used to study the height and ground diameter and significance analysis of their difference.By the method of membership function in fuzzy mathematics and principal component analysis,aiming to provide the weight value of each character and the comprehensive evaluation of the clones.The results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.01) in each of two traits (height and ground diameter).According to the average of the membership function value,the clones were classified into seven grades.Three clones were identified as grade 1,of which the height and ground diameter were 224.3% and 82.3% higher than average,respectively; while nine clones were classified as grade 2 and 45 clones were classified as grade 3,and these might be used as candidates to increase genetic diversity.
The goals of this study were to select superior clones of alder (Alnus cremastogyne),and to achieve maximum genetic gains and economic benefits.A total of 476 alder clones obtained through cuttage were used to study the height and ground diameter and significance analysis of their difference.By the method of membership function in fuzzy mathematics and principal component analysis,aiming to provide the weight value of each character and the comprehensive evaluation of the clones.The results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.01) in each of two traits (height and ground diameter).According to the average of the membership function value,the clones were classified into seven grades.Three clones were identified as grade 1,of which the height and ground diameter were 224.3% and 82.3% higher than average,respectively; while nine clones were classified as grade 2 and 45 clones were classified as grade 3,and these might be used as candidates to increase genetic diversity.
2019, 40(3): 71-73,81.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.014
Abstract:
Viburnum macrocephalum was known as its white flowers,shaped like a ball,high ornamental value,d not producing seeds.In 2015 and 2016,reproductive tests were carried out to improve the rooting rate,survival rate in different matrix,different season,different stock height and different layering mode.The results showed that the V.macrocephalum cuttings rooting rate was the highest in yellow sand,spring cuttings rooting rate was the highest,the half year survival rate and survival rate after a year were both the highest when the height of root stock was in 25~45 cm,the best layering mode was named as "clip".
Viburnum macrocephalum was known as its white flowers,shaped like a ball,high ornamental value,d not producing seeds.In 2015 and 2016,reproductive tests were carried out to improve the rooting rate,survival rate in different matrix,different season,different stock height and different layering mode.The results showed that the V.macrocephalum cuttings rooting rate was the highest in yellow sand,spring cuttings rooting rate was the highest,the half year survival rate and survival rate after a year were both the highest when the height of root stock was in 25~45 cm,the best layering mode was named as "clip".
2019, 40(3): 74-76.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.015
Abstract:
The effects of different matrix ratios were studied on the growth of container seedlings of Camellia oleifera,in order to promote the growth and quality of container seedlings.The results showed that there were significant differences in seedling height and shoot growth,and no significant difference in ground diameter and leaf number.Comprehensive analysis indicated P3(20% of yellow soil,40% of pine forest topsoil,20% of coconut bran,20% of straw) was the most conducive to the growth of container seedlings,the increment number of the seedling height,ground diameter,and shoots were the largest,up to 48.5 cm,0.8 cm,and 7.70 cm respectively,which provided a technical reference for the preparation of matrix ratio of C.oleifera.
The effects of different matrix ratios were studied on the growth of container seedlings of Camellia oleifera,in order to promote the growth and quality of container seedlings.The results showed that there were significant differences in seedling height and shoot growth,and no significant difference in ground diameter and leaf number.Comprehensive analysis indicated P3(20% of yellow soil,40% of pine forest topsoil,20% of coconut bran,20% of straw) was the most conducive to the growth of container seedlings,the increment number of the seedling height,ground diameter,and shoots were the largest,up to 48.5 cm,0.8 cm,and 7.70 cm respectively,which provided a technical reference for the preparation of matrix ratio of C.oleifera.
2019, 40(3): 77-81.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.016
Abstract:
In order to realize the early detection of Pestalotiopsis funerea in Pine needles,the specific primer AF(R/F) was designed,and PCR detection system was established according to the conserved sequence of ITS region of P.funerea.The results showed that the method could amplify a single band of 480 bp in genomic DNA of P.funerea and pine needle genomic DNA. P.funerea could be detected in tissues without obvious symptoms.The established PCR detection system was suitable for molecular identification of P.funerea and early diagnosis of pine needle blight.
In order to realize the early detection of Pestalotiopsis funerea in Pine needles,the specific primer AF(R/F) was designed,and PCR detection system was established according to the conserved sequence of ITS region of P.funerea.The results showed that the method could amplify a single band of 480 bp in genomic DNA of P.funerea and pine needle genomic DNA. P.funerea could be detected in tissues without obvious symptoms.The established PCR detection system was suitable for molecular identification of P.funerea and early diagnosis of pine needle blight.
2019, 40(3): 82-86.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.017
Abstract:
The biological ecological characteristics of Monochamus alternatus were investigated by field observation and indoor rearing in Xichang city,such as the geographical distribution,temporal distribution and the period of development.The results showed that the numbers of M.alternatus decreased with the increase of altitude,but the number difference was not significant because of the small span of longitude and latitude.In terms of temporal distribution,the eclosion began in March and reached its peak in July and August,ended in October.It was determined that the larva had five stages of age.The width of head shell was also determined together with the width of back plate and the length of insect body in each age range,and larvas were observed throughout the year,mainly overwintering at the 3rd and 4th instar.
The biological ecological characteristics of Monochamus alternatus were investigated by field observation and indoor rearing in Xichang city,such as the geographical distribution,temporal distribution and the period of development.The results showed that the numbers of M.alternatus decreased with the increase of altitude,but the number difference was not significant because of the small span of longitude and latitude.In terms of temporal distribution,the eclosion began in March and reached its peak in July and August,ended in October.It was determined that the larva had five stages of age.The width of head shell was also determined together with the width of back plate and the length of insect body in each age range,and larvas were observed throughout the year,mainly overwintering at the 3rd and 4th instar.
2019, 40(3): 87-91.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.018
Abstract:
In order to clarify the types and distribution of bamboo insect pests and diseases in Chengdu,and to provide basic information for the development of bamboo industry and product safety,field investigation was conducted in combination with sample plot surveys and lamp traps in Chengdu.The results showed that there were 45 kinds of bamboo diseases and insect pests in Chengdu,including 38 kinds of insect pests and 7 kinds of diseases.The main species and distribution of diseases and insect pests were analyzed,and suggestions were proposed for prevention and control of bamboo insect pests and diseases in Chengdu.
In order to clarify the types and distribution of bamboo insect pests and diseases in Chengdu,and to provide basic information for the development of bamboo industry and product safety,field investigation was conducted in combination with sample plot surveys and lamp traps in Chengdu.The results showed that there were 45 kinds of bamboo diseases and insect pests in Chengdu,including 38 kinds of insect pests and 7 kinds of diseases.The main species and distribution of diseases and insect pests were analyzed,and suggestions were proposed for prevention and control of bamboo insect pests and diseases in Chengdu.
2019, 40(3): 92-95,114.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.019
Abstract:
Remote sensing images of unusual dead pines were acquired at the heights of 430m and 700m by UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) equipped with the visible light camera.The geographic location information collected by GPS was compared with the data processing information of ENVI software and the data processing information of interpretation.Six dead pine trees were identified by artificial screening and seven dead pine trees were identified by the NDVI value.Data extraction efficiency was 85.7%.The horizontal error was between 0.86 m and 4.20 m for geographical location information of the six dead pine trees obtained by remote sensing.The results showed that unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing had basically realized the accurate location of pine trees dying from the pine wood nematode disease,which was of great significance for the early monitoring and later treatment of the pine wood nematode disease.
Remote sensing images of unusual dead pines were acquired at the heights of 430m and 700m by UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) equipped with the visible light camera.The geographic location information collected by GPS was compared with the data processing information of ENVI software and the data processing information of interpretation.Six dead pine trees were identified by artificial screening and seven dead pine trees were identified by the NDVI value.Data extraction efficiency was 85.7%.The horizontal error was between 0.86 m and 4.20 m for geographical location information of the six dead pine trees obtained by remote sensing.The results showed that unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing had basically realized the accurate location of pine trees dying from the pine wood nematode disease,which was of great significance for the early monitoring and later treatment of the pine wood nematode disease.
2019, 40(3): 96-99.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.020
Abstract:
Combined with national public welfare forest districts community work in Pingli county,some problems were analyzed,and countermeasures were explored for the conformity between national public welfare forest land types and forest resource inventory and planning,"two account books" of national public welfare forests,contradictions between national public welfare forest boundaries and industry and regional economic planning.
Combined with national public welfare forest districts community work in Pingli county,some problems were analyzed,and countermeasures were explored for the conformity between national public welfare forest land types and forest resource inventory and planning,"two account books" of national public welfare forests,contradictions between national public welfare forest boundaries and industry and regional economic planning.
2019, 40(3): 100-104.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.021
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper was to provide some useful suggestions on the forest land changing survey,thus analysis was made of the area of forest land,forest area,stand origin and ecological forest area by comparing the results of forest inventory planning and design with the data of forestland "one map".The reasons for the differences were summarized preliminarily,which could provide reference for the future investigation of forest land changes.
The purpose of this paper was to provide some useful suggestions on the forest land changing survey,thus analysis was made of the area of forest land,forest area,stand origin and ecological forest area by comparing the results of forest inventory planning and design with the data of forestland "one map".The reasons for the differences were summarized preliminarily,which could provide reference for the future investigation of forest land changes.
2019, 40(3): 105-108.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.022
Abstract:
One female specimen of genus Sorex was collected in Shanxi Luya Mountain National Nature Reserve on 4th September,2010,and was identified as Sorex tundrensis through molecular method.It was a new record for this mammal species in Shanxi Province.The site was the southernmost distribution spot in the world,and the Yellow River was a barrier to its southward spread.The specimen was deposited in the animal specimen room of Sichuan Academy of Forestry.
One female specimen of genus Sorex was collected in Shanxi Luya Mountain National Nature Reserve on 4th September,2010,and was identified as Sorex tundrensis through molecular method.It was a new record for this mammal species in Shanxi Province.The site was the southernmost distribution spot in the world,and the Yellow River was a barrier to its southward spread.The specimen was deposited in the animal specimen room of Sichuan Academy of Forestry.
2019, 40(3): 109-114.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.03.023
Abstract:
The spectrophotometric determination method was adopted to analyze the measurement for the determination of total amount of free amino acids in tea.According to the relevant regulations documented in the《Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement》(JJF 1059.1-2012),the source of the uncertainty in the detection processwas identified,and the uncertainty calculation formula was deduced.Comparing the different effects of various factors on the measure results,it was found that the standard curve fitting had the biggest impact on the uncertainty.This finding made contribution to improving the quality of data measurement.
The spectrophotometric determination method was adopted to analyze the measurement for the determination of total amount of free amino acids in tea.According to the relevant regulations documented in the《Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement》(JJF 1059.1-2012),the source of the uncertainty in the detection processwas identified,and the uncertainty calculation formula was deduced.Comparing the different effects of various factors on the measure results,it was found that the standard curve fitting had the biggest impact on the uncertainty.This finding made contribution to improving the quality of data measurement.
