2019 Vol. 40 Issue 6
2019 Vol. 40, No. 6
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2019, 40(6): 1-5.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.001
Abstract:
Ochotona erythrotis is endemic species in China, which is distributed in a very narrow region, including part of Qinghai and Gansu provinces. In Sichuan, It was only recorded in Batang county, west Sichuan. The core region of this species was reddish land rock, soil forest, cliff and shrub around Qinghai Lake, main streams and tributaries of the upper Yellow River and the Qilian Mountains of southern Hexi Corridor. In the distributing area of O. erythrotis, there were abundance of sunshine, no summer in whole year, concentrated rainfall, small humidity, strong evaporation. In 2018,O. erythrotis samples were collected in Wanglang Nature Reserve, and some pictures were obtained by infrared camera monitoring on the Minshan and Qionglai mountains with the elevation higher than 3 850 m. Those new distributing areas were largely different from traditional distributing areas in climate. But the new population had very closed relationship with the traditional population.
Ochotona erythrotis is endemic species in China, which is distributed in a very narrow region, including part of Qinghai and Gansu provinces. In Sichuan, It was only recorded in Batang county, west Sichuan. The core region of this species was reddish land rock, soil forest, cliff and shrub around Qinghai Lake, main streams and tributaries of the upper Yellow River and the Qilian Mountains of southern Hexi Corridor. In the distributing area of O. erythrotis, there were abundance of sunshine, no summer in whole year, concentrated rainfall, small humidity, strong evaporation. In 2018,O. erythrotis samples were collected in Wanglang Nature Reserve, and some pictures were obtained by infrared camera monitoring on the Minshan and Qionglai mountains with the elevation higher than 3 850 m. Those new distributing areas were largely different from traditional distributing areas in climate. But the new population had very closed relationship with the traditional population.
2019, 40(6): 6-12,18.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.002
Abstract:
The forest fire is an important factor of disturbing forest growth. Sichuan province was located in the southwest forest area with a high occurrence density area of forest fires.It could contribute to the forest fire prevention work by analyzing the distribution characteristics of fire occurrence in Sichuan province. Based on the MODIS fire product (MOD14A2/MYD14A2), Ripley K function, center point, standard deviational ellipse method and Kerne1 Density method were employed and the data clock was used to explore the spatial-temporal distribution of forest fires in Sichuan province from 2001 to 2012. The results showed that the annual forest fires fluctuated greatly in Sichuan province. The peak periods of forest fires were in January, February, March, April and May, and the number of forest fires continued to rise every year. On smaller spatial scale (less than 528 km), the spatial pattern of forest fires was clustering. The median center of forest fires occurred in Panzhihua city in 12 years, which was the area with highest fire density. The hot spots of forest fires were also located at Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The overall spread trend was to extend northwest to Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.
The forest fire is an important factor of disturbing forest growth. Sichuan province was located in the southwest forest area with a high occurrence density area of forest fires.It could contribute to the forest fire prevention work by analyzing the distribution characteristics of fire occurrence in Sichuan province. Based on the MODIS fire product (MOD14A2/MYD14A2), Ripley K function, center point, standard deviational ellipse method and Kerne1 Density method were employed and the data clock was used to explore the spatial-temporal distribution of forest fires in Sichuan province from 2001 to 2012. The results showed that the annual forest fires fluctuated greatly in Sichuan province. The peak periods of forest fires were in January, February, March, April and May, and the number of forest fires continued to rise every year. On smaller spatial scale (less than 528 km), the spatial pattern of forest fires was clustering. The median center of forest fires occurred in Panzhihua city in 12 years, which was the area with highest fire density. The hot spots of forest fires were also located at Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The overall spread trend was to extend northwest to Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.
2019, 40(6): 13-18.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.003
Abstract:
To understand the future development trend of the population, the main endangered factors were discussed for Davidia involucrata in Heizhugou National Nature Reserve, and some theoretical references were provided for the protection and restoration. The population structure and dynamics of D. involucrata were studied by plotting its distribution map, population structure map, static life table, survival curve and time series model.The hierarchical structure of the population was spindle-shaped, which was similar to that of the height structure. The number of seedlings, young trees and old individuals was small, and the development of the population depended mainly on the middle-aged individuals. The standard survival curve of the population was Deevey I type, i.e. Convex type, belonging to a descending type. The individual mortality rate and individual loss degree of the population are basically consistent, showing the characteristics of fragility in the early and late period and stability in the middle period. Time series predictions showed a significantly decrease in the total number of surviving individuals in next five years. The seedlings mainly sprouted from roots.It indicated that the population was a descending type in a rapid decline stage, which would be a serious aging problem with the passage of time,. The poor regeneration ability of seeds had become the most serious problem in the development of this population.Protection strategies were proposed according to the results of the study.
To understand the future development trend of the population, the main endangered factors were discussed for Davidia involucrata in Heizhugou National Nature Reserve, and some theoretical references were provided for the protection and restoration. The population structure and dynamics of D. involucrata were studied by plotting its distribution map, population structure map, static life table, survival curve and time series model.The hierarchical structure of the population was spindle-shaped, which was similar to that of the height structure. The number of seedlings, young trees and old individuals was small, and the development of the population depended mainly on the middle-aged individuals. The standard survival curve of the population was Deevey I type, i.e. Convex type, belonging to a descending type. The individual mortality rate and individual loss degree of the population are basically consistent, showing the characteristics of fragility in the early and late period and stability in the middle period. Time series predictions showed a significantly decrease in the total number of surviving individuals in next five years. The seedlings mainly sprouted from roots.It indicated that the population was a descending type in a rapid decline stage, which would be a serious aging problem with the passage of time,. The poor regeneration ability of seeds had become the most serious problem in the development of this population.Protection strategies were proposed according to the results of the study.
2019, 40(6): 19-24.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.004
Abstract:
The progeny forests of 84 open-pollinated families of Larix olgensis were taken as the research objects, and the tree height was measured at the improved Varieties Breeding Center of Hegang in Heilongjiang province. The early selection of L. olgensis families was carried out by combining variation analysis, variance analysis, multiple comparisons and annual growth analysis. There were abundant variations in tree height with the variation coefficient of 26.81%~35.66%. The average variation coefficients were 30.50%, 30.47%, 28.97% and 30.12%, respectively for four families from Bohai, Cuohai, Hegang and Linkou, which were 8.62%, 8.51%, 3.17% and 7.26% higher than CK, respectively. Families at 4, 5, and 6 years old showed significant differences in height, and the average heritability of tree height was 90.7%. Under the selection rate of 20%, the average genetic gain of tree height was 38.74%.Combining the results of multiple comparisons and annual growth analysis of height, BS54, BS542, CH4, HG28 and LK299 were selected as the superior families.
The progeny forests of 84 open-pollinated families of Larix olgensis were taken as the research objects, and the tree height was measured at the improved Varieties Breeding Center of Hegang in Heilongjiang province. The early selection of L. olgensis families was carried out by combining variation analysis, variance analysis, multiple comparisons and annual growth analysis. There were abundant variations in tree height with the variation coefficient of 26.81%~35.66%. The average variation coefficients were 30.50%, 30.47%, 28.97% and 30.12%, respectively for four families from Bohai, Cuohai, Hegang and Linkou, which were 8.62%, 8.51%, 3.17% and 7.26% higher than CK, respectively. Families at 4, 5, and 6 years old showed significant differences in height, and the average heritability of tree height was 90.7%. Under the selection rate of 20%, the average genetic gain of tree height was 38.74%.Combining the results of multiple comparisons and annual growth analysis of height, BS54, BS542, CH4, HG28 and LK299 were selected as the superior families.
2019, 40(6): 25-31.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.005
Abstract:
By a field experiment, the stucture and species diversity were studied for Cupressus chengiana plantation under different stand age, planting density and site conditions in Wenchuan and Lixian, the dry valleys of the Minjiang River. The results indicated that (1) The species was relatively rare in the tree layer, mainly composed of Asteraceae, Leguminosae, Rosaceae and Gramineae under forest, and the species diversity was in a decreasing order as herb layer, shrub layer, tree layer. Ailanthus altissima had great regeneration potential as an associated tree species in tree layer, and Artemisia carvifolia was in the dominant position in herb layer. (2) The growth of C. chengiana was the worst on the middle slope, and the coverage of shrub and herb were extremely low under forest. However, C. chengiana grew fast on the upper slope, the crown density of tree layer was high to 0.9. (3) In terms of forest volume and canopy density of C. chengiana, it was listed in increasing order as the upper slope, the lower slope, the middle slope. For vegetation coverage and biomass, the increasing order was the lower slope, the middle and the upper slope. Therefore, as C. chengiana was chosen for afforestation in the arid valleys of the Minjiang River area, the ecological protection forest was preferred to be on the upper slope, the ecological economic forest was preferred to be on the lower slope, and the proportion of photophilous, drought tolerant and local shrub and herb species should be increased appropriately on the middle slope so as to increase the species diversity of the community.
By a field experiment, the stucture and species diversity were studied for Cupressus chengiana plantation under different stand age, planting density and site conditions in Wenchuan and Lixian, the dry valleys of the Minjiang River. The results indicated that (1) The species was relatively rare in the tree layer, mainly composed of Asteraceae, Leguminosae, Rosaceae and Gramineae under forest, and the species diversity was in a decreasing order as herb layer, shrub layer, tree layer. Ailanthus altissima had great regeneration potential as an associated tree species in tree layer, and Artemisia carvifolia was in the dominant position in herb layer. (2) The growth of C. chengiana was the worst on the middle slope, and the coverage of shrub and herb were extremely low under forest. However, C. chengiana grew fast on the upper slope, the crown density of tree layer was high to 0.9. (3) In terms of forest volume and canopy density of C. chengiana, it was listed in increasing order as the upper slope, the lower slope, the middle slope. For vegetation coverage and biomass, the increasing order was the lower slope, the middle and the upper slope. Therefore, as C. chengiana was chosen for afforestation in the arid valleys of the Minjiang River area, the ecological protection forest was preferred to be on the upper slope, the ecological economic forest was preferred to be on the lower slope, and the proportion of photophilous, drought tolerant and local shrub and herb species should be increased appropriately on the middle slope so as to increase the species diversity of the community.
A Study of the Species Diversity in Three Main Typical Aftificial Forests of the Laobanshan Mountain
2019, 40(6): 32-37,54.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.006
Abstract:
In order to explore the effect of cultivated tree species on the local plant species diversity, an investigation was conducted by the typical sampling method in three typical plantations (Phyllostachys heterocycla artificial forest, Metasequoia glyptostroboides artificial forest and Cinnamomum camphora artificial forest) in the Laobanshan mountain, Ya'an city, Sichuan province. Based on the community survey, the species composition,importance value and species diversity indexes were calculated.The results indicated that:(1) A total of 94 species were found in P.heterocycla artificial forest, belonging to 78 genera and 59 families, a total of 82 species were found in M.glyptostroboides artificial forest,belonging to 67 genera and 46 families,and a total of 80 species were found in C.camphora artificial forest, belonging to 70 genera and 47 families.The species diversities of P.heterocycla artificial forest were higher than other forests.(2) By analyzing the important values, it was discovered that bamboo plants, M.glyptostroboides and C.camphora were evidently dominant in upper layer of the plantations; Cryptomeria fortunei and Cunninghamia lanceolata were found in the shrub layer of P.heterocycla and C.camphora artificial forest; C.camphora seedlings showed that C.camphora artificial forest achieved natural regeneration, but M.glyptostroboides artificial forest could hardly regenerate;Commelina communis and Achyranthes aspera were in the dominant position in three artificial forests herbs. (3) Different artificial forests species richness showed shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer, D, H, H' and JSW of tree layers were less than those of other layers,H' of shrub layer and herb layer was greater, and the JSW was relatively small in M.glyptostroboide and C.camphora artificial forest, and the artificial forests community development were not stable. (4) The stand improvement of three artificial forests should be conducted.
In order to explore the effect of cultivated tree species on the local plant species diversity, an investigation was conducted by the typical sampling method in three typical plantations (Phyllostachys heterocycla artificial forest, Metasequoia glyptostroboides artificial forest and Cinnamomum camphora artificial forest) in the Laobanshan mountain, Ya'an city, Sichuan province. Based on the community survey, the species composition,importance value and species diversity indexes were calculated.The results indicated that:(1) A total of 94 species were found in P.heterocycla artificial forest, belonging to 78 genera and 59 families, a total of 82 species were found in M.glyptostroboides artificial forest,belonging to 67 genera and 46 families,and a total of 80 species were found in C.camphora artificial forest, belonging to 70 genera and 47 families.The species diversities of P.heterocycla artificial forest were higher than other forests.(2) By analyzing the important values, it was discovered that bamboo plants, M.glyptostroboides and C.camphora were evidently dominant in upper layer of the plantations; Cryptomeria fortunei and Cunninghamia lanceolata were found in the shrub layer of P.heterocycla and C.camphora artificial forest; C.camphora seedlings showed that C.camphora artificial forest achieved natural regeneration, but M.glyptostroboides artificial forest could hardly regenerate;Commelina communis and Achyranthes aspera were in the dominant position in three artificial forests herbs. (3) Different artificial forests species richness showed shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer, D, H, H' and JSW of tree layers were less than those of other layers,H' of shrub layer and herb layer was greater, and the JSW was relatively small in M.glyptostroboide and C.camphora artificial forest, and the artificial forests community development were not stable. (4) The stand improvement of three artificial forests should be conducted.
2019, 40(6): 38-42.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.007
Abstract:
The environmental education of wetland parks played an important role in resource protection and sustainable utilization. A conceptual model was established for environmental knowledge, values, environmental attitudes and the effects of environmental education. The reliability of the model was examined by investigating the visitors of Shenzhen OCT Wetland Park. The results showed that environmental knowledge directly or indirectly drove the effect of environmental education through environmental attitude. Through environmental attitude, ecological values and altruistic values indirectly drove the effect of environmental education. Self-interest values had no driving effect on the effects of environmental education. Therefore, it provided a key guiding role for the optimization and development of wetland eco-tourism environmental education effect.
The environmental education of wetland parks played an important role in resource protection and sustainable utilization. A conceptual model was established for environmental knowledge, values, environmental attitudes and the effects of environmental education. The reliability of the model was examined by investigating the visitors of Shenzhen OCT Wetland Park. The results showed that environmental knowledge directly or indirectly drove the effect of environmental education through environmental attitude. Through environmental attitude, ecological values and altruistic values indirectly drove the effect of environmental education. Self-interest values had no driving effect on the effects of environmental education. Therefore, it provided a key guiding role for the optimization and development of wetland eco-tourism environmental education effect.
2019, 40(6): 43-47,64.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.008
Abstract:
A Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in Hongya forest farm was selected as an object to research the growth process of dominant trees under density control by the stem analysis method. The results showed that density control could affect the growth process of tree height, DBH and wood volume of dominant trees. The high density of stand would reduce the maximum of the average growth and the annual growth of tree height. It also made the tree height maturity earlier. The low density of stand would increase the average growth of DBH, and made the DBH maturity later. The high density of stand could reduce the total growth and the average growth of volume. It also postponed the time of the maximum of the average volume growth and the annual volume growth, and made the volume maturity later. Low density(500 plants·hm-2) was conducive to cultivating large diameter wood of C. lanceolata, while medium and high density (>500 plants·hm-2) was proper for cultivating medium or small wood.
A Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in Hongya forest farm was selected as an object to research the growth process of dominant trees under density control by the stem analysis method. The results showed that density control could affect the growth process of tree height, DBH and wood volume of dominant trees. The high density of stand would reduce the maximum of the average growth and the annual growth of tree height. It also made the tree height maturity earlier. The low density of stand would increase the average growth of DBH, and made the DBH maturity later. The high density of stand could reduce the total growth and the average growth of volume. It also postponed the time of the maximum of the average volume growth and the annual volume growth, and made the volume maturity later. Low density(500 plants·hm-2) was conducive to cultivating large diameter wood of C. lanceolata, while medium and high density (>500 plants·hm-2) was proper for cultivating medium or small wood.
2019, 40(6): 48-54.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.009
Abstract:
In order to explore the role of compound microbial fertilizer in promoting the growth of tea trees, measurements were conducted on the height, the chlorophyll content and tea polyphenols of tea trees,and the content of ammonium nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and effective potassium in the soil after the application of compound microbial fertilizer by direct measurement, tartric acid sub-iron colorimetry, etc.;The results showed that, after applying bacterial fertilizer, the YoY tree height increased by 75.05%, the YoY content of tea polyphenols increased by 11.00%, the YoY chlorophyll content increased by 1.69%, the YoY ammonium nitrogen increased by 201.04%, the YoY quick-acting phosphorus decreased by 6.09%, and the content of effective potassium decreased by 33.06%. It indicated that compound microbial fertilizer improved the absorption of mineral elements and the quality of tea significantly.
In order to explore the role of compound microbial fertilizer in promoting the growth of tea trees, measurements were conducted on the height, the chlorophyll content and tea polyphenols of tea trees,and the content of ammonium nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and effective potassium in the soil after the application of compound microbial fertilizer by direct measurement, tartric acid sub-iron colorimetry, etc.;The results showed that, after applying bacterial fertilizer, the YoY tree height increased by 75.05%, the YoY content of tea polyphenols increased by 11.00%, the YoY chlorophyll content increased by 1.69%, the YoY ammonium nitrogen increased by 201.04%, the YoY quick-acting phosphorus decreased by 6.09%, and the content of effective potassium decreased by 33.06%. It indicated that compound microbial fertilizer improved the absorption of mineral elements and the quality of tea significantly.
The Influence Analysis of Bamboo Stand Structure on the Bamboo Shoot Yield of Pleioblastus macutatus
2019, 40(6): 55-59.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.010
Abstract:
Pleioblastus maculatus is one of the most excellent shoot-used bamboos in south Sichuan. 3 stand factors(age structure, DBH structure and bamboo density) were chosen to analyze the influence on bamboo shoots. The results showed that there were significant influence between 3 stand factors and bamboo shoots, and no significant influence were found between DBH uniformity and bamboo shoots. One year, two years and three years old dominant stands were found to be the better age structure with a highest shoot yield (4 770 kg·hm-2) and shooting number(13 900 hm2); 6cm DBH stand was found to be the better DBH structure with a highest shoot yield(4 550 hm2); 10 000~12 000 hm2 were found to be the better stand density with a highest shoot yield(4 700 kg·hm-2) and shooting number(15 500 numbers·hm-2).In conclusion, the ideal stand structure was found to be composed of dominant age of 1 year+2 year+3 year, DBH of 4~6cm, and medium stand density(10 000~12 000 numbers·hm-2).
Pleioblastus maculatus is one of the most excellent shoot-used bamboos in south Sichuan. 3 stand factors(age structure, DBH structure and bamboo density) were chosen to analyze the influence on bamboo shoots. The results showed that there were significant influence between 3 stand factors and bamboo shoots, and no significant influence were found between DBH uniformity and bamboo shoots. One year, two years and three years old dominant stands were found to be the better age structure with a highest shoot yield (4 770 kg·hm-2) and shooting number(13 900 hm2); 6cm DBH stand was found to be the better DBH structure with a highest shoot yield(4 550 hm2); 10 000~12 000 hm2 were found to be the better stand density with a highest shoot yield(4 700 kg·hm-2) and shooting number(15 500 numbers·hm-2).In conclusion, the ideal stand structure was found to be composed of dominant age of 1 year+2 year+3 year, DBH of 4~6cm, and medium stand density(10 000~12 000 numbers·hm-2).
2019, 40(6): 60-64.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.011
Abstract:
In order to understand the main qualities of ‘Rongchang Thornless’, the new variety of Zanthoxylum, the volatile substances were studied for fresh green fruits and mature fruits from Zanthoxylum planting base in Rongchang.The results showed that there were 43 and 48 kinds of volatile substances,respectively in green fruits and mature fruits of ‘Rongchang Thornless’. The number of volatile substances was 30 and 44 respectively in green fruits and mature fruits of ‘Jiuyeqing’.The top 5 volatile substances of high content were D-limonene, sabinene, linalool, myrcene and β-phellandrene. The content of volatile oil was as high as 1.37 mL·100 g-1 and 2.10 mL·100 g-1 in green and mature fruits of ‘Rongchang Thornless’, however, the number was 1.8 mL·100 g-1 and 2.67 mL·100 g-1 in ‘Jiuyeqing’,which were all better than the national standard of 0.9 mL·100 g-1.The ash content was 1.90% and 2.15% in green fruits and mature fruits of ‘Rongchang Thornless’ 2.56% and 2.90% in ‘Jiuyeqing’ which were all under 3%, better than the first grade standard of national standard.
In order to understand the main qualities of ‘Rongchang Thornless’, the new variety of Zanthoxylum, the volatile substances were studied for fresh green fruits and mature fruits from Zanthoxylum planting base in Rongchang.The results showed that there were 43 and 48 kinds of volatile substances,respectively in green fruits and mature fruits of ‘Rongchang Thornless’. The number of volatile substances was 30 and 44 respectively in green fruits and mature fruits of ‘Jiuyeqing’.The top 5 volatile substances of high content were D-limonene, sabinene, linalool, myrcene and β-phellandrene. The content of volatile oil was as high as 1.37 mL·100 g-1 and 2.10 mL·100 g-1 in green and mature fruits of ‘Rongchang Thornless’, however, the number was 1.8 mL·100 g-1 and 2.67 mL·100 g-1 in ‘Jiuyeqing’,which were all better than the national standard of 0.9 mL·100 g-1.The ash content was 1.90% and 2.15% in green fruits and mature fruits of ‘Rongchang Thornless’ 2.56% and 2.90% in ‘Jiuyeqing’ which were all under 3%, better than the first grade standard of national standard.
2019, 40(6): 65-70.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.012
Abstract:
High-resolution image data of Beichuan County were obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). After a series of pretreatments such as three-space encryption and orthophoto correction,ENVI software was used to calculate the visible-band difference vegetation index, normalized green-red difference index (NGRDI),and normalized green-blue difference index (NGBDI).The urban vegetation was extracted and analyzed by object-oriented image classification,and the accuracy was evaluated. The results showed that all the three planting cover indexes could extract the urban green space well, and the overall extraction precision was above 83%, among which the VDVI extraction effect was the best, and the overall precision was up to 89.5%.Therefore,it was feasible to extract statistics of the urban green space by UAV remote sensing technology. Based on the VDVI statistics, the classification results of the urban green space were corrected by removing small patches and visual interpretation. The area of urban green space was 2.3948 km2 in Beichuan County, and the coverage rate of the urban green space was 40.04%.
High-resolution image data of Beichuan County were obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). After a series of pretreatments such as three-space encryption and orthophoto correction,ENVI software was used to calculate the visible-band difference vegetation index, normalized green-red difference index (NGRDI),and normalized green-blue difference index (NGBDI).The urban vegetation was extracted and analyzed by object-oriented image classification,and the accuracy was evaluated. The results showed that all the three planting cover indexes could extract the urban green space well, and the overall extraction precision was above 83%, among which the VDVI extraction effect was the best, and the overall precision was up to 89.5%.Therefore,it was feasible to extract statistics of the urban green space by UAV remote sensing technology. Based on the VDVI statistics, the classification results of the urban green space were corrected by removing small patches and visual interpretation. The area of urban green space was 2.3948 km2 in Beichuan County, and the coverage rate of the urban green space was 40.04%.
2019, 40(6): 71-74.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.013
Abstract:
The spatial distribution study of forest unit area stock was vital for the development of forest management strategies. The spatial pattern of forest stock per unit area was studied by using geostatistics with the survey data of forest resource planning and design in Miyi county.The results showed that the most suitable semi-variance theoretical model was the exponential model for unit area stock. The global Moron I and Z values of unit area stock were 0.79 and 446.71 respectively, showing a strong trend of aggregation. In addition, the Nugget C0 of Miyi county's unit area stock was 50%, indicating a moderate spatial autocorrelation, which was affected by both structural and random factors. By the ARCGIS ordinary Kriging interpolation, the spatial distribution map was drawn for forest unit area stock in Miyi county.The results of geostatistics showed that the average unit area stock of was 50.76 m3·hm-2, under a pattern of decreasing from west to east, consistent with changes in topography, and contrary to the changes of population density in Miyi county. These results indicated that the spatial distribution of unit area stock was affected by both natural and human factors in Miyi county.
The spatial distribution study of forest unit area stock was vital for the development of forest management strategies. The spatial pattern of forest stock per unit area was studied by using geostatistics with the survey data of forest resource planning and design in Miyi county.The results showed that the most suitable semi-variance theoretical model was the exponential model for unit area stock. The global Moron I and Z values of unit area stock were 0.79 and 446.71 respectively, showing a strong trend of aggregation. In addition, the Nugget C0 of Miyi county's unit area stock was 50%, indicating a moderate spatial autocorrelation, which was affected by both structural and random factors. By the ARCGIS ordinary Kriging interpolation, the spatial distribution map was drawn for forest unit area stock in Miyi county.The results of geostatistics showed that the average unit area stock of was 50.76 m3·hm-2, under a pattern of decreasing from west to east, consistent with changes in topography, and contrary to the changes of population density in Miyi county. These results indicated that the spatial distribution of unit area stock was affected by both natural and human factors in Miyi county.
2019, 40(6): 75-80.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.014
Abstract:
The effects of different planting matrixes were studied on the growth of Dendrobium officinale in the Panxi dry-hot valleys.The results showed that the roots of D. officinale grew rapidly in the first and third quarter of the year, and the buds sprouted mainly in the first and fourth season, the rapid growth of fresh weight happened in the second and third quarter of the year. There were significant correlations among growth traits such as plant stem diameter and height. For planting D. officinale in greenhouse in Panxi dry-hot valley areas, the most suitable matrix was the recipe D, which was made of saw powder, pine bark and shavings in a volume ratio of 1:3:1.
The effects of different planting matrixes were studied on the growth of Dendrobium officinale in the Panxi dry-hot valleys.The results showed that the roots of D. officinale grew rapidly in the first and third quarter of the year, and the buds sprouted mainly in the first and fourth season, the rapid growth of fresh weight happened in the second and third quarter of the year. There were significant correlations among growth traits such as plant stem diameter and height. For planting D. officinale in greenhouse in Panxi dry-hot valley areas, the most suitable matrix was the recipe D, which was made of saw powder, pine bark and shavings in a volume ratio of 1:3:1.
2019, 40(6): 81-84,114.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.015
Abstract:
Studies were made of the content difference of soluble polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total saponins in leaves pricked from Cyclocarya paliurus trees at different ages in different months in Northern Guangxi, aiming to find the suitable tree age and picking time. The combinations with highest yield of each component were selected from three different harvesting time and three different harvesting ages by comparative test and variance analysis. The results showed that the soluble polysaccharides were higher when the tree age was 4 years, the total flavonoids and saponins were higher when the tree age was 2 years and the harvesting time was about November each year. The selected local asexual families could produce higher soluble sugar, flavonoids and saponins in a specific period. At different picking time and tree age, the utilization rate of C. paliurus leaves could be improved. The asexual families selected in this experiment could be used as excellent families for breeding, which would lay a foundation for the extraction of Chinese medicinal ingredients from C. paliurus leaves and the selection of excellent families in the future.
Studies were made of the content difference of soluble polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total saponins in leaves pricked from Cyclocarya paliurus trees at different ages in different months in Northern Guangxi, aiming to find the suitable tree age and picking time. The combinations with highest yield of each component were selected from three different harvesting time and three different harvesting ages by comparative test and variance analysis. The results showed that the soluble polysaccharides were higher when the tree age was 4 years, the total flavonoids and saponins were higher when the tree age was 2 years and the harvesting time was about November each year. The selected local asexual families could produce higher soluble sugar, flavonoids and saponins in a specific period. At different picking time and tree age, the utilization rate of C. paliurus leaves could be improved. The asexual families selected in this experiment could be used as excellent families for breeding, which would lay a foundation for the extraction of Chinese medicinal ingredients from C. paliurus leaves and the selection of excellent families in the future.
2019, 40(6): 85-87.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.016
Abstract:
In order to master the cutting seedling technology of Camellia pitardii, seudies were made of the effects on root cuttings from the hardwood in terms of medium, as well as type and concentration of the plant hormone. The results showed that the mediums and plant hormones had a strong influence on root cuttings (P<0.05). The best cutting substrate was peat soil:perlite=1:1 (V), whose survival rate was the highest, reaching 74%.The best plant hormone was IBA with 75.33% survival rate, when cuttings dipped into 200 mg·L-1 for 30 minutes.
In order to master the cutting seedling technology of Camellia pitardii, seudies were made of the effects on root cuttings from the hardwood in terms of medium, as well as type and concentration of the plant hormone. The results showed that the mediums and plant hormones had a strong influence on root cuttings (P<0.05). The best cutting substrate was peat soil:perlite=1:1 (V), whose survival rate was the highest, reaching 74%.The best plant hormone was IBA with 75.33% survival rate, when cuttings dipped into 200 mg·L-1 for 30 minutes.
2019, 40(6): 88-93.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.017
Abstract:
To investigate bird diversity in Leshan Airport, the species,number and environmental factors of birds within 50~100 m of the sample line were recorded by line sampling method and point sampling method in spring and autumn of 2018. The results showed that a total of 49 species of birds were recorded,belonging to 30 families, 9 orders,including 10 rare species (20.41%), 31 common species (63.27%) and 8 dominant species (16.33%).In spring,the similarity between farmland and villages was the highest (0.48).In autumn,the similarity between farmland and wetland was the lowest (0.07).The bird diversity of farmland in spring and autumn was higher than that of other habitats, which were 2.377 and 2.573,respectively.The bird number and species of farmland were both higher in spring than those in autumn; the bird number of villages was larger in autumn than that in spring, but there were more species in spring than in autumn; the bird number and species in wetlands were higher in spring than those in autumn. Overall, there were more birds in farmland in spring.
To investigate bird diversity in Leshan Airport, the species,number and environmental factors of birds within 50~100 m of the sample line were recorded by line sampling method and point sampling method in spring and autumn of 2018. The results showed that a total of 49 species of birds were recorded,belonging to 30 families, 9 orders,including 10 rare species (20.41%), 31 common species (63.27%) and 8 dominant species (16.33%).In spring,the similarity between farmland and villages was the highest (0.48).In autumn,the similarity between farmland and wetland was the lowest (0.07).The bird diversity of farmland in spring and autumn was higher than that of other habitats, which were 2.377 and 2.573,respectively.The bird number and species of farmland were both higher in spring than those in autumn; the bird number of villages was larger in autumn than that in spring, but there were more species in spring than in autumn; the bird number and species in wetlands were higher in spring than those in autumn. Overall, there were more birds in farmland in spring.
2019, 40(6): 94-100,104.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.018
Abstract:
Corythucha ciliata is a dangerous invasive pest in forestry, mainly infesting Plantanus spp.. In recent years, the infestion of C. ciliata has become more serious on Platanus spp. trees in Sichuan. In order to prevent the pest effectively, an investigation was conducted to find out the occurrence regularity of C. ciliata in Chengdu, Nanchong, Guang'an, Luzhou and Yibin from June 2018 to May 2019. Through the method of pest risk analysis, the qualitative and quantitative analysis was made of the risk of C. ciliata. The results showed that the risk value (R)of C. ciliata was 1.60, indicating that C. ciliata belonged to moderately dangerous forest pest in Sichuan.
Corythucha ciliata is a dangerous invasive pest in forestry, mainly infesting Plantanus spp.. In recent years, the infestion of C. ciliata has become more serious on Platanus spp. trees in Sichuan. In order to prevent the pest effectively, an investigation was conducted to find out the occurrence regularity of C. ciliata in Chengdu, Nanchong, Guang'an, Luzhou and Yibin from June 2018 to May 2019. Through the method of pest risk analysis, the qualitative and quantitative analysis was made of the risk of C. ciliata. The results showed that the risk value (R)of C. ciliata was 1.60, indicating that C. ciliata belonged to moderately dangerous forest pest in Sichuan.
2019, 40(6): 101-104.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.019
Abstract:
Continuous outbreak of Dictyoploca Japonica occurred in Naxi District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, thus causing serious damage to Sorbus pohuashanensis and Cinnamomum camphora. To prevent and control D. Japonica damage, the occurrence regularity and morphological characteristics ere observed and analyzed,and prevention and control measures were proposed for different periods and methods against D. Japonica, aiming to provide reference for the effective control.
Continuous outbreak of Dictyoploca Japonica occurred in Naxi District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, thus causing serious damage to Sorbus pohuashanensis and Cinnamomum camphora. To prevent and control D. Japonica damage, the occurrence regularity and morphological characteristics ere observed and analyzed,and prevention and control measures were proposed for different periods and methods against D. Japonica, aiming to provide reference for the effective control.
2019, 40(6): 105-109.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.020
Abstract:
From October 2017 to July 2018, the resource survey of Moschus berezouskii was conducted in Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, by the line transect method, infrared camera monitoring method and interviewing method, to figure out the resource of M. berezouskii and to provide a management basis. The results showed that there were about 1 523 individuals of M. berezouskii at the density of 5.05 km-2, which was at the medium level and did not exceed the theoretical capacity of Baishuihe National Nature Reserve. In habitat selection, M. berezouskii preferred the ridge or upper slope of deciduous broad-leaved forest or coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest with rich food, good concealment conditions, high canopy density, steep slope and weak interference. The daily activity indicated that M. berezouskii activities were mainly concentrated in the daytime, and the daytime activity frequency was twice than that of nocturnal activities. The living environment, population density and daily activity of M. berezouskii were studied in detail in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, which would provide reference materials for the protection of M. berezouskii.
From October 2017 to July 2018, the resource survey of Moschus berezouskii was conducted in Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, by the line transect method, infrared camera monitoring method and interviewing method, to figure out the resource of M. berezouskii and to provide a management basis. The results showed that there were about 1 523 individuals of M. berezouskii at the density of 5.05 km-2, which was at the medium level and did not exceed the theoretical capacity of Baishuihe National Nature Reserve. In habitat selection, M. berezouskii preferred the ridge or upper slope of deciduous broad-leaved forest or coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest with rich food, good concealment conditions, high canopy density, steep slope and weak interference. The daily activity indicated that M. berezouskii activities were mainly concentrated in the daytime, and the daytime activity frequency was twice than that of nocturnal activities. The living environment, population density and daily activity of M. berezouskii were studied in detail in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, which would provide reference materials for the protection of M. berezouskii.
2019, 40(6): 110-114.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.06.021
Abstract:
Eco-carpet vegetation restoration technology referred to the rapid vegetation restoration technology which was called Maliwatt technique, by weaving degradable plant fiber into a carpet and mixing a certain proportion of seeds and substrate into the carpet while rolling it up. The application scope and technical advantages were compared for ecological mat and ecological vegetation blanket at home and abroad, and vegetation restoration effects were analyzed in earthquake landslides, desertification control, abandoned mines and highway slopes, to put forward the future research focus of ecological carpet vegetation restoration technology.
Eco-carpet vegetation restoration technology referred to the rapid vegetation restoration technology which was called Maliwatt technique, by weaving degradable plant fiber into a carpet and mixing a certain proportion of seeds and substrate into the carpet while rolling it up. The application scope and technical advantages were compared for ecological mat and ecological vegetation blanket at home and abroad, and vegetation restoration effects were analyzed in earthquake landslides, desertification control, abandoned mines and highway slopes, to put forward the future research focus of ecological carpet vegetation restoration technology.
