-
正交胶合木(Cross Laminated Timber(CLT))一般是由实木制成的多层锯材或者面板交叉堆叠并粘合而形成。这种交叉叠层结构一方面确保了CLT的刚性、尺寸稳定性和机械性能,另一方面还允许使用不同形状的木材或材料单元。CLT能应用于墙、地板和屋顶等,与混凝土和钢材相比是一种重量较轻的建筑材。随着可持续制造理念的形成,在产品制造过程中减少碳排放已经成为一个普遍的目标。为了绿色建筑的进一步发展,目前国内外对CLT从取材到组坯的整个流程进行了大量研究,本研究针对CLT生产工艺的相关研究进行概述,在现有的研究成果上对未来CLT制作过程中原木锯切、加工以及混合材料的使用等进行展望,以期为CLT生产和应用提供参考。
Development of Cross Laminated Timber
More Information-
摘要: 正交胶合木(CLT)是一种新型的工程木,主要应用于木结构建筑方面,可作为楼板、墙体、地板等建筑构件。全球范围内,CLT是发展速度最快的林产品。本文简述了CLT在国外的发展历程,介绍了CLT的生产工艺;阐明CLT在国内的进一步发展需要社会各方面系统的支持;并且根据CLT在建筑中的发展,指出国内CLT的未来研究方向应该注重于降低成本、提高质量、CLT原料多元化和有自主知识产权的标准的建立。
-
关键词:
- 正交胶合木(CLT);
- 制造工艺;
- 力学性能;
- 发展前景
Abstract: Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a new type of engineering wood, which is mainly used in wood structure construction and can be used as floor, wall and other building components. Globally, CLT is the fastest growing forest product. In this paper, the development of CLT in foreign countries is briefly introduced, and the production process of CLT is introduced. It is clarified that the further development of CLT in China needs the systematic support of all sectors of society. According to the development trend of general forest products and the current situation of CLT, it is pointed out that the future research direction of CLT in China should focus on reducing cost, improving quality, diversifying CLT raw materials and establishing standards with independent intellectual property rights. -
[1] RHUDE A J. Structural glued laminated timber: History of its origins and early development[J]. water resources & power, 1996, 46(1): 15. [2] GRASSER K. K. . Development of Cross Laminated Timber in the United States of America[D]. knoxville: University of tennessee, 2015. [3] Li Q. , Wang Z. Q. , Liang Z. J. , et al. Shear properties of hybrid CLT fabricated with lumber and OSB[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 261: 120504, 10.1016/j. conbuildmat. 2020.120504. [4] Michele. B. , Michela N. , Benedetto P. , et al. Comparison of different bonding parameters in the production of beech and combined beech-spruce CLT by standard and optimized tests methods[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 265, 10.1016/j. conbuildmat. 2020.120168. [5] Bui A. T. , Oudjene M. , Lardeur P. , et al. Towards experimental and numerical assessment of the vibrational serviceability comfort of adhesive free laminated timber beams and CLT panels assembled using compressed wood dowels[J]. Engineering Structures, 2020, 216, 10.1016/j. engstruct. 2020.110586. [6] Bahmanzad A. , Clouston L. P. , Arwade R. S. , et al. Shear Properties of Eastern Hemlock with Respect to Fiber Orientation for Use in Cross Laminated Timber[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2020, 32(7), 10.1061/(ASCE)MT. 1943-5533.0003232. [7] CAO G. M., SHMULSKY R., LIU M. Characterizing Star-sawn Pattern Produced and Orthogonally Glued Specimens of Southern Pine[J]. Forest Products Journal, 2019, 69(1): 53−60. doi: 10.13073/FPJ-D-18-00031 [8] CAO Y. W., STREET J., LI M. H., et al. Evaluation of the effect of knots on rolling shear strength of cross laminated timber (CLT)[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 222: 579−587. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.165 [9] ZEIBA, DREW. First dowel-laminated timber building in the U. S. set to open in Des Moines[N]. The Architects Newspaper, 2019-06-04. [10] ROBERTO S. , LUCA M., DAVIDE T., et al. A Dissipative Connector for CLT Buildings: Concept, Design and Testing[J]. Materials, 2016, 9(3): 139. doi: 10.3390/ma9030139 [11] 张彦娟,俞友明,马灵飞. 人工林杉木结构集成材胶合工艺的研究[J]. 木材工业,2008(4):7−9+12. doi: 10.19455/j.mcgy.2008.04.003 [12] 秦理哲,林兰英,傅峰,等. 柳杉实木胶合工艺及性能研究[J]. 木材工业,2014,28(6):5−8. [13] 龚迎春. 国产日本落叶松正交胶合木制备工艺及力学性能评价[D]. 中国林业科学研究院, 北京市, 2017. [14] 张龙,彭思,王建和,等. 云南松正交胶合木胶合工艺探索[J]. 林产工业,2020,57(8):19−24. doi: 10.19531/j.issn1001-5299.202008005 [15] 王建和,卫佩行,高子震,等. 加拿大西部铁杉正交胶合木胶合性能与耐久性初探[J]. 林产工业,2017,44(4):12−15,25. [16] 宁凡,王解军,饶真宇. 组坯方式对正交胶合木双向板弯曲性能的影响[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报,2020,40(7):153−161. [17] 李敏敏,谢文博,王正,等. 正交胶合木铁杉规格材弹性模量的动态测试及应力分等[J]. 林产工业,2018,45(7):28−32. [18] 王志强,付红梅,戴骁汉,等. 不同树种木材复合交错层压胶合木的力学性能[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(12):141−145. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-923X.2014.12.026 [19] 龚迎春,武国芳,任海青. 人工林落叶松制备不同等级正交胶合木力学性能评价及理论计算[J]. 中国人造板,2019,26(4):21−25. [20] 高子震. 铁杉正交胶合木设计制造与性能评价[D]. 南京林业大学, 江苏省, 2017. [21] 王韵璐,曹瑜,王正,等. 加拿大铁杉正交胶合木弯曲性能预测与评估[J]. 林产工业,2017,44(7):15−20. [22] 何敏娟,孙晓峰,李征. 正交胶合木结构在地震作用下的层间位移角研究[J]. 特种结构,2017,34(1):1−6. [23] 孙晓峰, 何敏娟, 李征. 铁杉正交胶合木板弯曲及剪切性能[J/OL]. 建筑结构学报: 1−8.[2020−10−17].https://doi.org/10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2019.0238. [24] 董惟群. 竹木复合正交胶合木胶合工艺及力学性能评价[D]. 南京林业大学, 2019. [25] 吴建飞,王纬,袁红梅,等. 竹木复合建筑混凝土模板的工艺研究[J]. 森林与环境学报,2020,40(3):329−335. [26] 陈天长. 桉木—毛竹复合集装箱底板用胶合板工艺及经济效益研究[D]. 广西大学, 2019. [27] 童健. 竹木复合胶合板的叠层结构设计探讨[J]. 林产工业,2020,57(4):65−67. doi: 10.19531/j.issn1001-5299.202004015 [28] 刘其松. 竹桉复合集成地板生产技术[J]. 福建林业科技,2019,46(3):80−85. [29] 张晓春,胡迪,蒋身学. 竹木复合材料在我国的应用[J]. 中国人造板,2011,18(2):6−9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5064.2011.02.002 [30] LIU M. , WU Y. Q., WAN H. et al. A new concept of wood bonding design for strength enhanced southern yellow pine wood products[J]. Construction and Building Materials 157, 2017: 694−699.