Abstract: The progeny forests of 84 open-pollinated families of Larix olgensis were taken as the research objects, and the tree height was measured at the improved Varieties Breeding Center of Hegang in Heilongjiang province. The early selection of L. olgensis families was carried out by combining variation analysis, variance analysis, multiple comparisons and annual growth analysis. There were abundant variations in tree height with the variation coefficient of 26.81%~35.66%. The average variation coefficients were 30.50%, 30.47%, 28.97% and 30.12%, respectively for four families from Bohai, Cuohai, Hegang and Linkou, which were 8.62%, 8.51%, 3.17% and 7.26% higher than CK, respectively. Families at 4, 5, and 6 years old showed significant differences in height, and the average heritability of tree height was 90.7%. Under the selection rate of 20%, the average genetic gain of tree height was 38.74%.Combining the results of multiple comparisons and annual growth analysis of height, BS54, BS542, CH4, HG28 and LK299 were selected as the superior families.