Abstract: The effects of different fertilization treatments on the early growth of Coptis chinensis were studied by the fertilization experiment. The results showed that the different amount of fertilizer NPK had little effect on the early height growth of Coptis chinensis,but promoted generation of new leaves more than 20 days earlier, and increased leaf number in different degrees. When the fertilization amount was less than 22.5 kg per 0.067 hectare, in pace with the increase of fertilizer, new leaf number increased. When fertilization amount was 22.5 kg per 0.067 hectare, the new leaves reached the maximum of 7.52. When the fertilization amount was greater than 22.5 kg per 0.067 hectare, young leaves decreased. When fertilizer amount was less than 15 kg per 0.067 hectare, rhizome length increased from 1.26 cm to 1.44 cm with the increase of fertilizer amount. When fertilizer amount was more than 15 kg per 0.067 hectare, rhizomes length got shorter instead. When fertilizer amount was greater than 22.5 kg per 0.067 hectare, rhizome length was shorter than the control group; Fertilization had significant effects on the weight of rhizomes, especially at the fertilizer amount of 22.5 kg per 0.067 hectare, the maximum weight of rhizomes was 1.5 g, 172.92% higher than the control group (0.82 g). at the fertilizer amount of 22.5 kg per 0.067 hectare, rhizoma coptis reached the maximum yield.