Abstract: In this paper,analysis was made of the implementation and achievements of the Defarming-and-afforestation Program in Aba Prefecture by use of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis methods. The results showed that forest area increased,and a steady improvement appeared in the quality of farmland, ecological benefits were gradually realized, and farmers' income effect was significant. At the same time, discussion was made on unblance of the development,and the difficulty of follow-up industrial development.Then in this paper,some mearsures were proposed, aiming to improve the proportion of economic forest, to develop the follow-up industry, to perfect the forest compensation policy, and to implement the supporting policies to consolidate the effects of the Defarming-and-afforestation Program.