Abstract: In order to find out the distribution characteristics of the pests to Zanthoxyhum bungeanum at time-spatial levels in Xiaozhaizigou Nature Reserve, Beichuan County, the species and damage degree of Z. bungeanum were investigated in May and July at three spatial levels (lower, medium and high), which were decided by the altitude. The results showed that the Z. bungeanum trees in all sample plots were harmed by Z. bungeanum pests and the damaged degree was serious at all time levels and spatial levels. The damaged degree of Z. bungeanum trees caused by Z. bungeanum pests would gradually reduce with the increase of the altitude and the total damaged degree caused by all pests was no difference in May and July. The difference of damaged degree caused by different pests was significant at time and spatial levels. The main Z. bungeanum pests were Clytus validus, Asphondylia zathoyli and Agrilus zanthoxylumi, and the damage degree of other pests such as Samia cynthia, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and Tetranychus viennensis etc. was relatively light.