Abstract: A new species of the genus Fargesia Franch. emend. Yi of Poacea comes from Northwestern Yunnan Province of China, and is described in this article. It is Fargesia xianggelilaensis Yi et L. Yang. The new species is similar to F. melanostachys (Hand. -Mazz.) Yi, but the internodes of its young culms have light yellow bristles; bamboo shoots are glabrouss; culm sheath is shorter than internode, and glabrous, oral setae are 3~8, ligule is truncate, sometimes triangular or curve, basically no decurrent. Leaf blades have 3-or 4-paired secondery veins, and transverse veins are clear, etc. Chinese name of Jingganghanzhu(井冈寒竹) should be Gelidocalamus stellatus Wen, being unsuitable to be named for Jinggangduanzhizhu(井冈短枝竹).