Abstract: Based on the development status of under-forest economy industy in Sichuan, an analysis is made of the spatial and industrial structures of under-forest economy. As for spatial structure, the underforest economy industry can be divided into the three areas, namely the Chengdu basin plain and its surrounding hilly areas, the northwestern plateau, and the southwestern mountain land. Attention should be paid to the ecology adaptability of forest vegetation and main tree species in different areas. As for industrial structure, according to the results from Shift-Share Analysis, the developmental prospects related industries to under-forest economy are better in different municipal areas of Sichuan province, but their structure bases are different, and significant differences are found. According to the analysis, some proposals are put forward for the industrial development of the under-forest economy.