Abstract: In this paper, investigations are conducted on the general survey of walnut resources, the primary election of superior trees and the features of the early fruit of walnut in Xiaojin County, and a description is given of the resource characteristic, the distribution, the development present situation and feasibility of walnut tress in the Xiaojin County. Besides, an analysis is made of some problems which restrict the walnut industry development. It is suggested that the local walnut resources and ecological environment conditions should be used for improving the distribution, management patterns of walnut trees, aiming to enhane the technical content and high-yield cultural technique, and realize high production, good quality, and highly efficient development of walnut in the mountain areas in Xiaojin County, thus finding a sustainable development way which will coordinate the ecology with the econony for mountain areas.