Abstract: Based on the distribution data of Pseudotsuga sinensis in Sichuan Province, as well as climatic factors (19 biocrimatous factors, the time span is 1970-2020) and topographic and environmental factors (altitude, slope and aspect), the niche model of potential suitable area of P. sinensis in Sichuan Province was constructed by MaxEnt model, the dominant environmental factors affecting its distribution were explored, and the potential distribution area of P. sinensis in Sichuan Province was simulated. The results showed that: (1) The overall prediction accuracy of the model reached a very accurate level, and the AUC value reached 0.988. (2) The main environmental factor affecting its potential distribution was elevation (DEM), and the altitude range of the suitable area of the dominant factor was from 1285 m to 2678.2 m. (3) The high-suitable area of P. sinensis in Sichuan Province was mainly located in the altitude range from 1500 to 2500 m. (4) The potential suitable area of P. sinensis in Sichuan Province was 2×10⁴ km², in which the high-suitable area was 0.381×10⁴ km², the middle-suitable area was 1.346×10⁴ km² and the low-suitable area was 0.273×10⁴ km². According to the comprehensive model, the results showed that the overall habitat of the suitable area was fragmented, and the suitable area was mainly distributed in some southern areas and some eastern areas of Sichuan Province. The middle- and low-suitable areas were distributed around the high-suitable areas. The top three suitable areas were Liangshan Prefecture, Dazhou City and Panzhihua City, and the high-suitable areas were mainly located in the central counties of Liangshan Prefecture, in Mianning County, Dechang County, Puge County, Huili County and Huidong County, Miyi County of Panzhihua County. There were scattered high-suitable areas in the northeast of Dazhou City. Among the driving factors of the potential suitable areas of P. sinensis in Sichuan Province, the influence of altitude factors was greater than that of temperature and precipitation factors, and significantly greater than that of slope and aspect factors. Most of the suitable areas at altitude were in the middle-altitude areas, which had a relatively broad ecological suitable range and certain drought-tolerance characteristics. The results of this study could effectively, preliminarily and quickly understand the distribution status of P. sinensis in Sichuan Province, and had certain guiding significance for the development of field conservation work.