Abstract: Fresh fruit of Zanthoxylum was packaged in non-vacuum and dark environment, and the total fagaramide content, volatile oil content and sensory quality were determined periodically at different storage temperatures (20, 4, 25 and 40 ℃). The dynamic models of amides and volatile oil during storage were established respectively, which provided reference for quality control in processing, storage, transportation and sales of Zanthoxylum after harvest. The results showed that the shelf life model of Zanthoxylum armatum fagaramide, Zanthoxylum armatum volatile oil, Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim fagaramide, Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim volatile oil were established by Arrhenius equation. The activation energy Ea was 52.68, 50.00, 49.85, 50.62 kJ·mol⁻¹, respectively, and the natural logarithm lnk₀ was 18.13, 16.98, 17.15, 17.08, respectively. After verification, the established models can predict the shelf life of fresh Zanthoxylum with total fagaramide content and volatile oil content as quality indexes.