Abstract: Ochroma lagopus is a perennial woody plant of the kapok family which also named balsa wood, and its wood is mainly used to make blades of wind driven generator. However, the balsa wood needed in China is completely imported from Indonesia and Ecuador, thus the localization of balsa wood is the guarantee to ensure the sustainable development of Chinese wind power industry. This research aimed to investigate the optimal seed germination conditions, the suitable pH for plants growth, and the cold tolerance of Ochroma lagopus under low temperature. This study improved the planting technology and lay the foundation for the localization of Ochroma lagopus industry. The seeds before germination were constantly treated 50 min at 45℃, 50℃, 55℃, 60℃, 65℃, 70℃, 75℃ and 80℃ in the water bath. Two-month-old seedlings were cultured at 0℃, 2℃, 4℃, 6℃ and 8℃for 3 days to discover the low temperature tolerance limits of balsa wood. The seedlings of Ochroma lagopus were planted in pots with pH values of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, and 7.0. The increment height of each plant was recorded weekly for 120 days. The germination rate of seeds was the highest after treatment at 55℃, which could reach 80%. However, the germination rate of control seeds was only 34%, and heat treatment obviously improved the germination rate of light wood seeds. The aseptic seedling exhibited low death rate under 4-8℃ conditions; while the seedlings exhibited 79.24%, 35.83% and 6.28% death rate under 0℃, 2℃ and 4℃ conditions, respectively. The seedlings grown in the soil were also treated with 8℃, 6℃, 5℃ and 4℃ for 3 days, the death rate of seedlings was 33.33% and 58.33% when treated with 5℃ and 4℃, respectively. The results showed that the growth was the best at pH 6.0, with an average plant height increase of 188.67 cm, while the height was only 102.26 cm at pH 4.0. During the 120 days, the height of plants grown at pH 6.0 were 84.97% taller than that of pH 4.0 condition. According to these results, the optimal balsa wood seed germination condition was that the seeds were soaked at 55℃ for 50 min, and the low temperature above 4℃ had no obvious damage to Ochroma lagopus; and the optimum pH value for planting Ochroma lagopus was 6.0.