Abstract: Using the typical sampling method, the Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and other diversity indices, Poisson distribution and Negative binomial distribution of the walnut catalpa community in Ganshan Forest Farm, Sanmenxia City were analyzed. The diversity index and species richness of tree species in the arbor layer are higher than those in the shrub layer and the herb layer. Among them, the important value of Juglans regia in the arbor layer is the highest, and the spatial distribution and aggregation degree is the highest. The number of plants at the middle tree level was the largest, and the static life table further indicated that compared with other altitudes, low altitude was more suitable for the survival of the middle tree level.