Abstract: Pinus densata initial from natural hybridization between P. yunnanensis and P. tabuliformis. It is an endemic species distributed in the mountainous areas of southwest China, and has great ecological and economic value. We synthesized the natural geographical distribution pattern, species origin and evolution mechanism, individual growth law and environmental impact mechanism of Pinus densata based on 74 literatures published from 1956 to 2021. The results showed that: （1） The distribution area of Pinus densata was centered on southwestern Sichuan, bounded by Jianzha County in Qinghai in the north, Songpan County in Sichuan in the east, Lijiang City in Yunnan in the south, and Sangri County in Tibet in the west, and in western Sichuan and northwestern Yunnan, the elevation distribution range in the south was higher than in the north, and in the west was higher than in the east; （2） Based on molecular biological evidence, it has been inferred that Pinus densata originated in the northwestern Sichuan in the late Miocene, the population differetiation began in the late Pliocene, and migrated westward to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, ecological selection was the main driver of speciation, and the uplift of the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau promoted the species formation; （3） Previous studies have discussed the growth process of height, diameter at breast height, and volume of Pinus densata, and constructed models related to height, diameter at breast height, biomass, and volume, but lack of comprehensive understanding of the differences due to ecological factors in the growth process, such as climate, light, and geographic gradient. And clarified the research contents that need further attention to clarify the ecological adaptation strategy of Pinus densata: （1） Current distribution areas and complete geographic distribution patterns; （2） Specific origin place, migration routes and evolutionary laws; （3） Biomass estimation model for young trees with diameter at breast height lower than 6 cm; （4） The trade-off relationship, response patterns and physiological mechanisms to different ecological factors of growth and reproductive organs at different stages.