Abstract: Two structural adjustment and transformation models of artificial cypress plantation in hilly areas of central Sichuan, that is, the “strip cutting + replanting” model （with the cutting-strip zone and reserved zone were 8m, and the replanted broad-leaved trees were Alnus cremastogyne、Toona sinensis、Cinnamomum camphora、Camptotheca acuminata）, the “ecological thinning” model （the thinning intensity was 25%~30% in standing volume）, the control stand （no cutting treatment） and the natural secondary oak-cypress mixed forest were taken as the research objects, the biodiversity, tree growth, coverage of shrubs and herbs, and the number of regenerated seedlings were analyzed. The results showed that: （1） The oak-cypress mixed forest had the highest tree layer richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index, followed by the “strip cutting + replanting” model. The richness of shrubs and herbs were the highest in oak-cypress mixed forest, followed by the “ecological thinning” model. The shrub diversity index was the highest in the “ecological thinning” model, followed by the oak-cypress mixed forest. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the herbaceous species was the highest in oak-cypress mixed forest, followed by the “ecological thinning” model. However, the species richness and diversity index of the tree, shrub and herb layer of the control stand were the lowest. （2） The average DBH of trees was in the order of the “ecological thinning” model > the “strip cutting + replanting” model > oak-cypress mixed forest > control, and the average tree height was ranked as: the oak-cypress mixed forest > the “strip cutting + replanting” model > the “ecological thinning” model > control. （3） The first and the second highest coverage of shrubs and herbs were the “strip cutting + replanting” model and the oak-cypress mixed forest, and the lowest was the control. （4） In terms of regenerated seedlings under the forest, the largest number was in the oak-cypress mixed forest, and the least was in the control. But, there was little difference between the “strip cutting + replanting” model and the “ecological thinning” model. （5） The forest management plan for the artificial cypress plantation in the hilly areas of central Sichuan should be scientifically formulated according to different management objectives, and multi-functional management approach should be carried out so as to perform its multiple benefits.