Abstract: Maoxian county is a typical dry valley areas in Minjiang river basin, where soil erosion is serious and bare soil is widely distributed. By means of remote sensing and geographic information technology, the spatial and temporal dynamics of bare soil distribution in Maoxian arid valleys since 2000 were analyzed, and the spatial and temporal changes of bare soil on the surface of this area were counted by naked soil index extraction method. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the bare soil area in Maoxian arid valley decreased by 4898.7 hm2, mainly concentrated in Shaba town, Goukou town, Diexi town and Fengyi town, with an altitude of 1400-2600 m. During the past 20 years, the bare soil area in arid valley increased first and then decreased gradually, which objectively reflected that the distribution of bare soil in Maoxian dry valley was affected by earthquake disaster and ecological treatment. The analysis indicates that artificial management can significantly reduce the bare soil area in arid valley regions and effectively control soil erosion.