Abstract: The purpose of this study is to understand the community spatial pattern characteristics of main tree species in Nanling Nature Reserve. Based on the fixed sample plot, the spatial distribution pattern of main tree species in the community was studied through the investigation and analysis of plants in the sample plot. The results showed that there were 104 woody plants belonging to 58 genera, 39 families in the plot. According to the order of important value, 7 species were the dominant species, including Machilus chinensis, Pinus massoniana, Castanopsis eyrie, Cercis chuniana, Daphniphyllum oldhamii, Symplocos congesta, Adinandra bockiana. The distribution of Machilus chinensis was aggregated at 0-2.5 m, random at 2.5-4.0 m, and uniform at 4.0-6.0 m. Pinus massoniana was randomly distributed from 0 m to 25.0 m. The other species showed aggregation distribution in small-scale and random distribution in large-scale. There was no obvious interspecific competition within the community, and there was still a large living space.