Abstract: In order to fully understand the species and fauna of butterflies in Baotianman National Nature Reserve, through field investigation, Baotianman butterfly fauna was characterized by the Oriental fauna and the over-intersection of the North-South species, in which the Oriental realm occupied 58% of the total population, and the Palaearctic realm and the Holarctic realm accounted for 9% of the total investigated population. According to the data analysis, the butterfly fauna in Baotianman Nature Reserve are mainly of northern subtropical zone of China, which is significantly different from the traditional temperate butterfly fauna of China.