Abstract: The dominant meteorological factors influencing the growth and development of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Yanyuan county were determined by the principal component analysis method. Combined with climatic conditions and biological characteristics, the planting division was preliminarily determined. The results showed that: (1) The basic suitable climatic conditions for Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Yanyuan county were as follows: average annual temperature was 12~13.5 ℃, hottest average monthly temperature was 17.5~21 ℃, coldest average monthly temperature was 3~6.5 ℃, rainfall was 850-1100 mm, and annual sunshine hours were 2250~2600 h. (2) The suitable altitude range for Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. ‘hanyuan’ was 2100~2700 m, and the optimum altitude was 2200~2550 m. (3) In terms of Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting division, the county was divided into suitable climate area, sub-suitable climate area and unsuitable climate area.