Abstract: Ecological restoration after fire disturbance is an important research theme of restoration ecology in the 21^st century. As an integral component of forest ecosystems, it is necessary to study soil microbes after fire disturbance. Based on the comprehensive analysis of existing literature on forest soil microbes after fire, the results show that soil microbial activity, community composition changes and main factors affecting fire interference intensity under different fire intensities and maintenance times are the main study topics of existing research. However, there are still controversies on the recovery time, diversity changes, and succession laws of soil microbial communities after fire, and the importance of soil microbial research under fire disturbance has not been paid enough attention. According to comprehensive application of existing microbial research technologies and continuous improvement and innovation, future research should adopt the combination of field surveys and field simulation control experiments to carry out forest soil microbial research under fire disturbance at multiple levels such as populations, communities, and ecosystems. In order to enrich the theory of fire ecology and guide the recovery practice of the ecosystem after fire, research should focus on the study of the relationship between underground and aboveground ecosystems, analyze the changing laws and succession mechanisms of soil microorganisms, determine the functional groups in soil microbial restoration after fire and the role of functional groups in the process of post-fire restoration, compare the changing laws of soil microbes under different fire disturbance and restoration methods.