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桤木种源家系生长性状遗传变异及选择

Genetic Variation and Selection of Growth Traits of Alnus cremastogyne Provenances or Families

  • 摘要: 对桤木中龄林阶段生长表现进行研究,为筛选生长性状优良的桤木种源/家系,以及桤木遗传改良提供参考。对7年生的桤木18个种源98个家系的生长性状进行调查,在分析生长性状遗传变异的基础上进行优良种源和家系的选择。结果显示,除胸径外,桤木生长性状在种源、家系间达到显著或极显著差异,表型变异系数和遗传变异系数分别为0.175~0.303和0.033~0.369。各性状的种源重复力、家系遗传力分别为0.775~0.836和0.828~0.867。运用综合指数选择,综合树高、胸径、冠幅和枝下高性状选出优良种源2个,优良家系8个。优良种源的树高、胸径、冠幅和枝下高的平均遗传增益分别为4.60%、7.23%、5.28%和14.87%,优良家系的树高、胸径、冠幅和枝下高的平均遗传增益分别为9.31%、13.73%、18.24%和28.75%。桤木中龄林在种源/家系间选择潜力较大,选择增益较大,筛选出的优良的种源或家系为培育桤木短周期工业原料林、遗传改良及后续研究工作提供极佳的繁殖材料。

     

    Abstract: The growth performance of middle-aged Alnus cremastogyne was studied, which could provide reference for superior provenances or families selection and genetic improvement of A. cremastogyne. The growth traits of 98 families from 18 provenances of 7-year-old A. cremastogyne were investigated, and the superior provenances and families were selected according to the analysis of genetic variation. The results showed that there were significant and extremely significant difference of growth traits among provenances and families. The phenotypic variation coefficient and genetic variation coefficient were 0.175−0.303 and 0.033−0.369, respectively. The provenance repeatability and family heritability of growth traits were 0.775−0.836 and 0.828−0.867, respectively. Two superior provenances and eight families were selected through comprehensive index method according to the growth traits of tree height, DBH, crown width, and clear bole height. The average genetic gains of tree height, DBH, crown width, and clear bole height of superior provenances were 4.60%, 7.23%, 5.28%, and 14.87%, respectively, while those of superior families were 9.31%, 13.73%, 18.24%, and 28.75%, respectively. The middle-aged A. cremastogyne exhibited a higher selection potential among provenances or families, which would enhance the genetic improvement effects. The selected superior provenances and families were the important propagation materials for short-rotation industrial raw material forest, genetic improvement, and the follow-up research.

     

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