Abstract: With the rapid development of economy, urbanization has a great impact on the change of land use structure, and the study on the spatial-temporal structure change of land use is of great significance to land planning and sustainable development. In this paper, the land use data of Chengdu from 2000 to 2020 were processed, and the annual land use rate (R), comprehensive index of land use degree and land use change amount (S) were calculated. The conclusions are as follows: (1) cultivated land and construction land change greatly, showing an overall increasing trend. Forest land and other land generally showed a decreasing trend. The water area showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. (2) From 2000 to 2020, the comprehensive index of land use degree showed an overall upward trend, land use become more intensive and land use types become more single. (3) Chengdu was in the period of land development from 2000 to 2005, 2005 to 2010 and 2015 to 2020. From 2010 to 2015, the land was in recession. After a brief analysis, the main influences on land use structure were population change, natural factors and industrial adjustment and so on.