Abstract: Due to natural disasters, human activities, and trade in wild animals and plants and their products, the survival of many species is threatened or even endangered, and the biodiversity on the planet is rapidly declining. At present, the situation of wild species resources in China is not optimistic, and the pressure is huge. One of the effective measures to protect China's biodiversity is to propose specific protection measures for the endangered species according to the endangered grades. In addition, the establishment of nature reserves or endangered species breeding centers, and the formulation of corresponding trade laws and regulations to strictly regulate the trade activities of wild animals and plants and their products are also commonly means to protect species diversity in China. The prerequisite for distinguishing and protecting wildlife by grades is to scientifically evaluate and classify the endangered grades of wild species. At present, China's evaluation system still needs to be further improved. Priority species protection is an important part of biodiversity conservation, and 15 priority conservation species now have been identified in China, which is of vital importance for the protection of biodiversity.