Abstract: Ecological footprints, as an important method and means to measure regional sustainable development, can quantitatively analyze and study the ecological profit and loss of the region. The current researches are mostly retrospective analysis or time series analysis and prediction, and few studies have been conducted on the geographical and spatial distribution of ecological footprints. With the development of remote sensing technology, abundant remote sensing products provide the possibility of studying ecological footprints at a more detailed scale. With the support of GIS, based on population density distribution data, noctilucent images, and MODIS products, this paper proposed a method to study ecological footprints at the kilometer grid scale, and also proposed two new methods to describe the spatial distribution of ecological footprints at the kilometer grid scale: "Output-type" ecological footprint and "Consumer-type" ecological footprint. Based on the estimation of the ecological footprint of Hubei province in 2010, analysis was made of the spatial pattern of the ecological footprint of Hubei province.