Abstract: Microsatellites (SSR) refer to DNA sequences that are repeated in series with nucleotides as units, and widely distributed throughout the genome of eukaryotes. SSR marker is a molecular maker technology based on DNA length polymorphism, which is widely used in the fields of population genetic structure analysis, establishment of genetic map, gene location, genetic relationship, and so on. In this paper, the exploitation methods and applications of SSR primers in bamboo plants were reviewed, aiming to provide useful information for SSR molecular marker in bamboo plants.