Abstract: In order to investigate the spatial-temporal distribution of birds in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve, 78 infrared cameras were set up in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve from October 2016 to July 2017. There were 530 valid photos of 34 species of birds (belonging to 4 orders and 9 families) taken by infrared cameras, including one species of the national class Ⅰ protected birds: Sichuan partridge (Arborophila rufipectus), and four national class II protected birds: Lady Amherst’s Pheasant (Chrysolophus amherstiae), Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), Temminck’s Tragopan (Tragopan temminckii), blood pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus). Furthermore, the top five in the Relative Abundance Index (RAI) were Temminck’s Tragopan, Lady Amherst’s Pheasant, Silver Pheasant, Long-tailed Thrush (Zoothera dixoni) and Red-billed Blue Magpie (Urocissa erythroryncha). In temporal distribution, the Relative Abundance of birds was the highest in autumn, then in winter, spring, and summer. In spatial distribution, the majority of the birds preferred to live in the mixed evergreen and broad-leaved forests, and habituated at an altitude of 2 200–2 700 m. The Relative Abundance of some rare protected birds, such as Sichuan Partridge, Blood Pheasant, etc., was relatively low. It is recommended that the Nature Reserve should carry out more comprehensive protection work, such as habitat suitability survey and population dynamic monitoring, in these areas with high bird activities.