Abstract: The fruit characteristics and productions of ten Camellia oleifera varieties were analyzed and comprehensively assessed to study the varieties cultivation in the middle and hilly region of the Sichuan basin.The results showed that the fruit length of the ten varieties was 3.21 cm~4.43 cm,the fruit width was 3.06 cm~4.36 cm,the fresh fruit weight was 17.71 g~42.75 g,the fresh fruit weight per fruit was 7.71 g~23.15 g,the number of seeds per fruit was 2.8~10,the percentage of seed was 37.96%~54.07%,and the yield per plant was 3.16 kg~6.54 kg.Principal components analysis was applied to analyze the fruit characteristics,and two principal components were selected,reflecting the cumulative variance proportion of 88.27%.The comprehensive assessment indicated that ‘Changlin 55’,‘Chuanrong 153’ and ‘Changlin 23’ were the most excellent cultivated varieties.