Abstract: Ecological poverty alleviation could be an effective way to achieve the win-win situation of ecological protection and poverty alleviation in poverty areas,and it played an important role in the community poverty alleviation work of nature reserves.Dafengding National Nature Reserve was located in impoverished mountainous area of Yi minority,and some people were still in poverty because of slow economic development,and the poverty problem was intractable in surrounding communities.In this paper,an analysis were made of many types of ecological poverty alleviation models and project cases from China and abroad in recent years,then ecological projects were discussed for poverty alleviation of each mode suitable to be carried out in surrounding communities of nature reserves.