Abstract: The spatial distribution pattern and habitat selection dynamic characteristics of giant pandas were important to understand their population dynamics and living environment, which also provided primary reference for the conservation. Based on data from the 3^rd and 4^th national giant panda surveys, as well as field survey data of 2016, the spatial distribution dynamics and habitat selection dynamic characteristics were studied for the giant panda population in Caopo Nature Reserve. The results showed that along with an increase of the giant panda population, the spatial utilization area of giant pandas increased by 45.62%. With the pressure of an increasing population size, the giant panda spatial utilization pattern underwent a significant diffusion. In terms of habitat selection, among the seven microhabitat factors selected, the slope and altitude selection of giant pandas tended to be balanced, higher altitude, and larger slope. There was no obvious change in the selection of slope type, vegetation type, forest origin and bamboo type. Under the condition of limited space and food resources, the habitat pressure caused by the rapid increase of population resulted in significant changes in the spatial utilization pattern of giant pandas. The results showed that the wild giant panda population had a high capacity for environmental adaptation, migration and diffusion. Hence, by studying the changes in spatial utilization and habitat selection characteristics of the giant panda population in the reserve over a long temporal scale, It would be possible to understand the population dynamics of the giant panda population and the demand for different habitat factors. The methods and results of this study had significance for the continued conservation of wild giant panda populations.