Abstract: The rocky desertification is compared to the ecological cancer of the earth. It will result in severe adverse consequences, such as land resource depletion and a series natural disasters. Comprehensive treatment engineering has been carried out in karst areas in southwestern Sichuan from 2008. In this paper,investigations were made on rocky desertification of 5 southwestern counties in this zone and studies were made of the governance modes of the rocky desertification by monitoring plant diversity and soil indicators. The research results were useful to providing reference on vegetation restoration patterns and species selection in rocky desertification regions.