Abstract: In this article, analysis was made of soil samples collected from 7 829.84 hectares of arable land and forest land representing 34 towns of Yanyuan County, Xichang City, Sichuan Province, and research was made on the content of available boron and molybdenum and their influence factors. The results indicated that the available molybdenum contents displayed a skewed distribution. The average contents of boron and molybdenum were 0.3196 mg·kg^-1 and 0.1896 mg·kg^-1,respectively. The available boron content was lower, and thus the crops were potential boron deficiency. The average molybdenum content was moderate,able to meet the needs of crop growing. The contents of available boron and molybdenum were affected by soil parent material, the cropping system and soil types. In the analysis process, it was found that this area was still relatively lacking in available boron though a certain amount of microelement fertilizers had been used. So the supplement of boron fertilizer was necessary during the production.