Abstract: This paper deals with the status of actual production and development trend of controlling forest pest in China, and points out the cost concept and elements of composition on controlling forest pest in combination with the traditional forest-protection knowledge and the method of economics and management. The control cost is the sum of total input cost of consumed resources or the required spending in the process of controlling forest pest in certain area. The cost elements of controlling forest pest consist of 3 parts:survey cost,quarantine cost and controlling cost, including the all cost of medicament, machinery, aircraft,yard,traffic,inspection,labor and so on.