Abstract: In this paper,analysis was made of the differences between the present distribution areas of the giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) with the Emei Mountain (where pandas were once found after 1980s) and Shennongjia Nature Reserve (where pandas had disappeared many years ago) according to the natural geographical environments,staple food bamboos' distribution patterns and the plant genus flora characteristics of vegetation. The results showed that the Emei Mountain belonged to the giant pandas distribution ranges,but the longitude of Shennongjia was out of the present giant pandas' distribution. There were no obvious differences among environmental factors,bamboo distribution patterns and the plant genus flora characteristics. The vertical distribution characters of forest vegetation were very similar. Historically, the social economics developed persistently and anthropogenic impacts increased unceasingly so that giant pandas disappeared afterwards in the Emei Mountain and Shennongjia Nature Reserve.