Abstract: The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is an endemic species of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding mountains, and it is a first-class key protected wild animal in China. The Ya'an Area of the Giant Panda National Park (referred to as "Ya'an Area") is located on the eastern edge of the Hengduan Mountains. It is one of the important units for global snow leopard landscape conservation and has significant conservation and research value. In order to effectively grasp the population size, distribution characteristics, and habitat conditions of wild snow leopards in the Ya'an area, all infrared camera images of snow leopards in the Ya'an area from 2015 to 2024 and the distribution data of snow leopards in different protected areas around (including Dayi County, Chongzhou City, Wenchuan County, and Kangding City) since 2019 were systematically collected. And from December 2023 to October 2024, a systematic investigation was carried out in the Ya'an area using infrared camera technology and the spline method. The results show that the population of snow leopards in the Ya'an area is 6 to 9. There was no significant difference in the aspect of snow leopards in different districts (counties) (χ²=4.065, df=4, P=0.397), but there were significant differences in the distribution altitude (χ²=38.910, df=4, P＜0.001) and slope (χ²=9.794, df=4, P=0.044). The distribution altitude, slope, and aspect are mainly concentrated above 3,500 meters, within the range of 15° to 30°, 160° to 200° (southwest-south direction) and 270° to 310° (west-northwest direction), respectively. There were significant differences in the distribution of snow leopards on different vegetation types (χ²=17.297, df=6, P=0.008) and slope positions (χ²=11.878, df=3, P=0.008), and they preferred to move in meadows, scree beaches, coniferous forest habitats, as well as on mountain shoulders, peaks and back slopes. Human activity interference, annual temperature changes, and topographic factors such as precipitation and altitude can have a significant impact on the distribution of snow leopard habitats. Within the evaluated area of 54,502.30 square kilometers, the total area of snow leopard habitats reaches 22,840.05 square kilometers, and the total area of snow leopard habitats in the Ya'an area is 4,436.96 square kilometers. Overall, the connectivity of snow leopard habitats in the Ya'an area is relatively good. This study shows that the population of snow leopards in the Ya'an area is considerable and their habitat is relatively good. In addition, to enhance the scientific protection of snow leopards and their habitats in the future, targeted protection suggestions have been specially put forward for your reference.