Abstract: To investigate the impact of different vegetation restoration modes on soil fertility characteristics of damaged slopes of alpine meadow roads in northwest Sichuan, the damaged slopes on both sides of National Highway 248 in Hong yuan County were selected as the research objects, and three vegetation restoration models were set up, namely Hydro-seeding (PB), shrub-grass mixed planting (GC), and tree-shrub-grass mixed planting (QGC), and the unrestored slope in the same period were selected as the control (CK). Soil physical and chemical properties in the early stage of the restoration were measured and the principal component analysis was carried out, combined with Nemero index and IFI index. The results indicated that: (1) Compared with other models, the tree-shrub-grass mixed planting model significantly increased soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and silt-gravel content of damaged slopes during the early stages of restoration succession (P＜0.05), by 23.84%, 302.37%, 105.71%, 361.66%, 118.75%, and 28.09% respectively. The Nemero fertility index ranking was QGC (1.65) ＞ GC (1.44) ＞ PB (1.12) ＞ CK (0.91). (2) Principal component analysis showed that the enhancement of soil fertility was controlled by the coupled effects of multiple factors, and pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium, calcium, magnesium, silt-gravel content, and available phosphorus were the key limiting factors. In the subsequent restoration projects in this area, efforts should be made to strengthen the overall nutrient cycling network to improve the effectiveness of ecosystem restoration for damaged slopes. Overall, during the early stage of restoration, the tree-shrub-grass mixed planting model could significantly improve the soil properties of damaged slopes, which was the preferred model for ecological restoration of damaged slopes in alpine meadow in northwest Sichuan.