Abstract: Fagus lucida, an endemic species in China with high economic value. However, there is still a lack of systematic research on its geographical distribution and ecological adaptability. Predicting the distribution pattern of Fagus lucida under current and future climate conditions and evaluating its climate change resilience not only helps to understand its adaptation potential under climate change, but also provides a scientific basis for introduction, cultivation, and habitat protection, thus ensuring its continued survival in the future environment. Based on selected occurrence points of F. lucida and bioclimatic variables, we used the MaxEnt model to predict the potential suitable habitat of F. lucida in China under current and future (2050s and 2070s) climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5). The MaxEnt model was optimized using the ‘ENMeval’ package in R to obtain the best parameter combination (RM=0.5, FC=LQ). Results ①Under current climate conditions, F. lucida is widely distributed in 22 provinces of China, mainly in the southern regions, with Hunan having the largest suitable habitat. ②Temperature-related variables, such as the minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6, 82.1%), isothermality (bio3, 9.6%), and temperature seasonality (bio4, 4.9%), are key factors affecting the distribution of F. lucida. ③Under future climate scenarios, the suitable habitats for F. lucida are expected to expand overall. However, highly suitable habitats may face the risk of gradual reduction. Conclusion F. lucida is widely distributed in China, Hunan and Jiangxi provide ideal conditions for cultivation and introduction, serving as safe refuges for F. lucida to cope with climate change. In regions such as Shaanxi and Shandong, where suitable habitat areas are expected to decrease significantly in the future, active ex-situ conservation measures should be implemented.