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拉萨河流域常见木本植物叶功能性状对海拔的响应

Changes in leaf functional traits in common woody plants across altitudinal gradients in the Lhasa River Basin

  • 摘要: 为探究拉萨河流域木本植物对不同海拔对应的气候环境的响应模式,选取当地优势植物拉萨小檗(Berberis hemsleyana Ahrendt)、北京杨(Populus×beijingensis W. Y. Hsu)、乌柳(Salix cheilophila C. K. Schneid)和绢毛蔷薇(Rosa sericea Lindl)为研究对象,测定了叶面积(LA)、比叶面积(SLA)、叶密度(LD)、叶片自然含水率(LWC)、气孔密度(SD)、气孔长度(SL)、叶厚度(LT)和叶干物质含量(LDMC),以揭示叶功能性状随海拔变化的响应规律。研究结果表明:(1)随着海拔的升高,4种植物的LD、LT和LDMC均表现出显著的上升趋势,SD则表现出先上升后下降的趋势(P < 0.05);(2)随着海拔的升高,拉萨小檗和北京杨的SL先降低后升高。此外,北京杨、绢毛蔷薇和乌柳的叶面积LA和SLA均呈现出显著的下降趋势;(3)不同植物叶功能性状对环境变化的适应策略差异。与其它三种植物相比,乌柳具有较大的SD和LD,而LA较小,表明乌柳具有较高的水分和养分吸收效率;拉萨小檗具有较厚LT,较小的LA、SLA、LDMC和LD;(4)叶片功能性状间存在显著的相关性。SLA与LT、LA与LT呈显著的负相关(P < 0.05)。此外,LD与LDMC、LD和LT均表现出极显著的正相关关系(P < 0.01),表明叶功能性状间是植物对环境适应的外在表现。研究结果为预测当地木本植物在未来环境变化中的适应性提供了重要的研究基础。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the response patterns of woody plants in the Lhasa River Basin to climatic conditions corresponding to different altitudes, four dominant local plant species were selected as research subjects: Berberis hemsleyana Ahrendt, Populus × beijingensis W. Y. Hsu, Salix cheilophila C. K. Schneid, and Rosa sericea Lindl. Leaf functional traits, including leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf density (LD), leaf water content (LWC), stomatal density (SD), stomatal length (SL), leaf thickness (LT), and leaf dry matter content (LDMC), were measured to reveal their response to elevation. The results showed that: (1) With increasing elevation, LD, LT, and LDMC of the four plant species exhibited significant upward trends, while SD showed an initial increase followed by a decrease (P < 0.05). (2) As elevation increased, the SL of B. hemsleyana and P. × beijingensis first decreased and then increased. Additionally, the LA and SLA of P. × beijingensis, R. sericea, and S. cheilophila showed significant decreases. (3) Different species adopted varied adaptive strategies for leaf functional traits in response to environmental changes. S. cheilophila exhibited higher SD and LD but a smaller LA, reflecting enhanced efficiency in water and nutrient absorption. In contrast, B. hemsleyana featured thicker LT but relatively lower LA, SLA, LDMC, and LD. (4) Significant correlations were observed among leaf functional traits. SLA and LT, and LA and LT also showed a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05). Moreover, LD was positively and significantly correlated with both LDMC and LT (P < 0.01), indicating that the coordination among leaf functional traits plays a key role in plant adaptation to the environment. Our results provide an important research foundation for predicting the adaptability of local woody plants to future environmental changes.

     

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