Abstract: The Stag beetles is an important group within the Coleoptera:Lucanidae, known for their unique morphology and biodiversity. It also serves as a crucial bioindicator for assessing the health of forest ecosystems. However, with the intensification of global climate change, the survival and distribution of Stag beetles are facing new challenges. This paper reviews the research progress on the taxonomy characteristics, distribution patterns, and gut bacterial community of Stag beetles. It is generally believed that the distribution pattern of the Stag beetles may be related to their strict habitat preferences for forest ecosystems. Additionally, the structure and diversity of gut bacterial communities play a significant role in the life activities of their, hosts, while rising temperatures may further alter the composition and function of these gut bacterial communities. Based on these findings, it is proposed that future research should focus on strengthening long-term monitoring of the impacts of climate change on the distribution of Stag beetles, in-depth investigation into the relationship between the structure of their gut bacterial communities and ecological suitability, as well as the mechanisms underlying species diversity formation.These studies are of great significance for understanding the biodiversity of Stag beetles and informing species conservation efforts in China.