Abstract: In order to further explain the mechanism of allelopathy and provide a theoretical reference for the future plant configuration and maintenance management of urban green spaces. Soil samples were treated with water extracts ofOphiopogon japonicus at gradient concentrations, and the community structure characteristics of meso-micro soil fauna were analyzed. The results show that: (1) A total of 3148 meso-micro soil fauna belonging to 14 orders and 39 families were captured and used in the experiment with the water extracts of O. japonicus. (2) There were significant differences in the number of individuals of meso-micro soil fauna under different concentrations of water extracts (P<0.05), and the number of individuals of meso-micro soil fauna decreased with the increase of concentration. (3) There were significant differences in the community structureof meso-micro wet soil fauna under different concentrations of water extracts (P<0.05). (4) The diversity of meso-micro soil fauna decreased with the increase of treatment time. (5) The meso-micro wet soil fauna were more sensitive to the water extracts of allelochemicals than meso-micro dry soil fauna. Our study showed that the allelopathy of O. japonicus can affect the diversity characteristics of meso-micro soil fauna communities. In practical application, we should comprehensively consider the long-term effects of allelopathy on plant collocation and soil fauna, pay attention to planting density, and build a sustainable landscape.