Abstract: In the context of global warming and rapid urbanization, it is of great significance ot clarify the spatio-temporal response mechanism between landscape pattern and urban land surface temperature (LST) for constructing a climate-adaptive pattern and achieving sustainable urban development. Based on the land use data and remote sensing images of Changdu central urban area of Chengdu in 2016, 2019, and 2023, the evolution patterns of LST and landscape patterns were analyzed. secondly, it quantified and identified the landscape compositions that significantly influenced LST using the Pearson correlation analysis method. Furthermore, the influence mechanism of landscape configuration on LST was deeply explored by the bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The results indicated that: (1) The overall LST of the research area increased, and the area of the high-temperature aream increased by 485.32 km². LST gradually decreased from the city center to the outside, and the high-temperature center gradually moved southward. (2) The construction land spread rapidly to the southeast, with the expansion area of 334.53 km². The fragmentation of cultivated land, forest land, and construction land intensified, and the shape complexity of cultiveted land, construction land, and water bodies increased. The continuity of the overall landscape decreased and the richness increased. (3) In terms of landscape component, construction land was the main heat source, and cultivated land and woodland were the main cold sources. In terms of landscape configuration, LST had a strong response to the types (except grassland) and landscape level pattern index, especially at the landscape level, which was characterized by "high-high and low-high areas interlacing in the central five urban areas, and low-low and high-low areas interlacing in the surrounding suburbs". The heat island mitigation strategy was proposed to control construction land, supplement green spaces and water bodies, separate cultivated land, protected forest land and water bodies, and optimize the overall spatial structure of the city. The research results can provide support for clarifying the evolution characteristics of LST in the central urban area of Chengdu and its spatio-temporal response mechanism to landscape patterns, as well as ideas and references for alleviating urban heat island effects and constructing climate adaptive patterns.