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林下种植中药材对枯落物和土壤水源涵养能力的影响

Effect of planting Chinese herbal medicines in Chinese fir forest on litter and soil water conservation capacity

  • 摘要: 以浙西南地区种植多花黄精和白及4年后的杉木林地为对象,比较分析林下中药材种植后枯落物和土壤水源涵养能力的变化,为林下药材种植及森林可持续经营,促进森林四库建设提供参考依据。结果表明:中药材种植后杉木林下枯落物储量和持水量显著下降,种植多花黄精和白及的杉木林地枯落物储量分别比对照显著减少了49.7%~51.5%(P<0.05),持水量显著降低了15.1%~20.2%(P<0.05);枯落物持水量、持水速率与浸水时间的关系分别符合对数函数Q=a ln(t)+b和幂函数V=a tb,R2均大于0.90;土壤容重略有下降,非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度略有增加,与对照相比,土壤容重下降了5.9%~9.3%,非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度分别增加了1.2%~12.4%、4.0%~7.5%;土壤最大持水量增加了4.7%~6.2%。综上,杉木林下中药材种植对林下枯落物储量及其水源涵养能力的影响是显著负向的,对林下土壤水源涵养能力的影响正向但不显著,需要更长时间尺度上的定位监测。

     

    Abstract: Taking the Chinese fir forest planted with Polygonatum cyrtonema and Bletilla striata for 4 years in the southwest of Zhejiang Province as the research object, the changes of litter and soil water conservation capacity were compared and analyzed, which provided reference basis for the cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines in forest and the sustainable forest management, and promoted the construction of four forest banks. The results showed that the litter storage and litter water conservation capacity of Chinese fir forest planted Polygonatum cyrtonema and Bletilla striata were significantly decreased, separately reduced by 49.7%~51.5% (P<0.05) and 15.1%~20.2% (P<0.05) compared with the control (CK). The relationships between litter water conservation capacity, water conservation rate and soaking time were respectively in accordance with the logarithm function Q=a ln(t)+b and the power function V=a tb, the R2 values are all greater than 0.90. Soil bulk density decreased slightly, while non-capillary porosity and total porosity increased slightly. Compared with CK, soil bulk density decreased by 5.9%~9.3%, while non-capillary porosity and total porosity increased by 1.2%~12.4% and 4.0%~7.5% respectively. The maximum soil water conservation capacity increased by 4.7%~6.2%. In conclusion, the planting of Chinese herbal medicines in Chinese fir forest had a significant negative effect on the litter storage and litter water conservation capacity, while had a positive but not significant effect on the soil water conservation capacity, which requires long-term positioning monitoring.

     

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