Abstract: China is rich in plant species, and the conservation of plant diversity is important for the promotion of ecological civilisation. Using CiteSpace software, 985 documents on the field of plant diversity conservation in the CNKI database between 2004 and 2023 were analysed. The research has gone through several stages, each with unique research focus and results, reflecting the continuity and dynamics of this field. Despite the abundance of literature, academic teams do not work closely together and collaborative networks between research institutions are fragmented. Research themes have diversified in response to policy evolution, but the core issues have always been of concern to the field. Involving a variety of disciplines such as ecology, biology and geography, the value of research has gradually shifted from theoretical discussion to practical application. In recent years, there has been an increase in reflection on real-world issues, highlighting the close connection with real-world problems. In the future, research on plant diversity conservation may focus more on solving practical problems and promoting multidisciplinary and multitechnological cooperation. In-depth research on philosophical foundations, basic theories and real-world problems will provide support for policy improvement and practice. This bibliometric analysis provides a new perspective for research in the field, revealing the development trend and future direction. Strengthening cooperation and deepening research is the key to promoting development. This paper compiles the current status of research and looks forward to the trends, providing reference and inspiration for researchers and policy makers.