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MS培养基中硝酸铵替换物对植物生长的影响

Effect of ammonium nitrate substitutes on plant growth in MS medium

  • 摘要: 筛选适合植物培养基的安全实用的含氮化合物来替换原有的管制药品硝酸铵(NH4NO3)为氮源,为植物组织培养提供易获得的培养基组分。以本氏烟(Nicotiana benthamiana)和杨树(Populus×euramericana cv. ''Nanlin95'')为试验材料,通过研究有机氮源、无机氮源硫酸铵(NH4)2SO4、磷酸氢二铵(NH4)2HPO4替代物对植物幼根的形成、植株的生长、生物量和叶绿素的积累等指标的影响来判断合适的NH4NO3替换物。在硝酸铵替换方案研究中,烟草在(NH4)2SO4替代物培养基上的生长与MS培养基无显著差异;而杨树在适宜浓度的(NH4)2SO4培养基上的生长优于MS培养基。(NH4)2HPO4高压灭菌后会导致培养基浑浊,不适合作为培养基氮源;在有机氮源的MS培养基上,烟草生长较好,但杨树叶片叶绿素的积累会减少,从而影响植物的生长。以本氏烟和杨树为材料的研究结果表明,利用植物组织培养快速生产技术,(NH4)2SO4可以作为MS培养基中NH4NO3的替代物。该结果对于利用MS培养的其他植物同样适用,同时对所有利用NH4NO3为氮源的植物培养基也具有重要的参考价值。

     

    Abstract: The safe and practical ammonium nitrate substitutes suitable for plant culture medium were screened to replace the original controlled drug ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) as nitrogen source, which provided stable and easy-to-obtain medium component raw materials for plant tissue culture production. Nicotiana benthamiana and poplar (Populus×euramericana cv. ''Nanlin95'') were used as experimental materials to study the effect of organic nitrogen sources and inorganic nitrogen sources ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4 substitutes on the formation of young roots, plant growth, biomass and chlorophyll content. In the study of ammonium nitrate substituion, there was no significant difference between tobacco growth on (NH4)2SO4 substitute medium and MS culture medium. However the growth of poplar on the appropriate concentration of (NH4)2SO4 medium was better than that on MS culture medium. In conclusion, (NH4)2SO4 can be used as a substitute for ammonium nitrate in MS medium. On the other hand, (NH4)2HPO4 could cause the medium to become turbid and was not suitable as a nitrogen source in MS culture medium. Additionally, plants grown on MS culture medium without added nitrogen source resulted in reduced chlorophyll accumulation, affecting plant growth. Results using tobacco and poplar as materials indicated that (NH4)2SO4 could be used as a substitute for NH4NO3 in MS culture medium for rapid production using plant tissue culture techniques. The result was also applicable to other plants using MS culture, and also had important reference value for all other culture media using NH4NO3 as nitrogen source.

     

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